a) ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{2;-2\right\}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}-\dfrac{5}{x+2}=\dfrac{12}{x^2-4}+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\dfrac{5\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{12}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{x^2-4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)

Suy ra: \(x^2+3x+2-5x+10=12+x^2-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+12-8-x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2x+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2x=-4\)

hay x=2(loại)

Vậy: \(S=\varnothing\)

b) Ta có: \(\left|2x+6\right|-x=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+6\right|=x+3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+6=x+3\left(x\ge-3\right)\\-2x-6=x+3\left(x< -3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-x=3-6\\-2x-x=3+6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\left(nhận\right)\\x=-3\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={-3}

\(5x-4\left(6x+18-x^2-3x\right)=\left(12-8x-6x+4x^2\right)+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5x-4\left(-x^2+3x+18\right)=\left(4x^2-14x+12\right)+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-7x-72=4x^2-14x+14\Leftrightarrow7x=86\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{86}{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{12\left(x-3\right)-2\left(x-3\right)\left(2x-5\right)-3\left(x-3\right)\left(3-x\right)}{12}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow12x-36-2\left(2x^2-5x-6x+15\right)-3\left(3x-x^2-9+3x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow12x-36-4x^2+22x-30-18x+3x^2+27=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-x^2+16x-39=0\)

\(\Delta=b^2-4ac=16^2-4.\left(-1\right).\left(-39\right)=100>0\)

\(\Rightarrow PT\) có 2 nghiệm pb \(x_1,x_2\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{-b+\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{-16+10}{-2}=3\\x_2=\dfrac{-b-\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{-16-10}{-2}=13\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{3;13\right\}\)

ĐKXĐ: \(0\le x\le5\)

Pt tương đương:

\(\sqrt{x+3}+4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{5-x}=2x+6\)

Ta có:

\(VT=\dfrac{1}{2}.2.\sqrt{x+3}+4.1.\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}.2.\sqrt{5-x}\)

\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(4+x+3\right)+2\left(1+x\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(4+5-x\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\le2x+6=VP\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+3}=2\\\sqrt{x}=1\\\sqrt{5-x}=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

\(\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x+3=0\)

hoặc   \(x+4=0\)

hoặc  \(x+5=0\)

hoặc  \(x+6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=-3\)

hoặc  \(x=-4\)

hoặc  \(x=-5\)

hoặc  \(x=-6\)

Vậy...

<=>\(9\sqrt{x}=6\)

<=>\(\sqrt{x}=\frac{6}{9}\)

<=>\(x=\left(\frac{6}{9}\right)^2=\frac{36}{81}=\frac{4}{9}\)

=>4x-6(2x+1)=2x-3x

=>4x-12x-6+x=0

=>-7x=6

hay x=-6/7

\(\dfrac{x}{3}-\dfrac{2x+1}{2}=\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{x}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4x}{12}-\dfrac{6\left(2x+1\right)}{12}=\dfrac{2x}{12}-\dfrac{3x}{12}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x-6\left(2x+1\right)=2x-3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x-12x-6=-x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x-12x-6+x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-7x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{6}{7}\)

=>4x-6(2x+1)=2x-3x

=>4x-12x-6+x=0

=>-7x=6

hay x=-6/7