Cho x, y, z > 0
Chứng minh :
\(\sqrt{x\left(y+1\right)}+\sqrt{y\left(z+1\right)}+\sqrt{z\left(x+1\right)}\le\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\)
cho các số thực x,y,z thỏa mãn \(\left(x-y +z\right)^2\)+\(\sqrt{y^4}\)+\(\left|1-z^3\right|\) \(\le\) 0
Chứng minh rằng \(x^{2023}\)+\(y^{2024}\)+\(z^{2025}\)=0
Lời giải:
Ta thấy, với mọi $x,y,z$ là số thực thì:
$(x-y+z)^2\geq 0$
$\sqrt{y^4}\geq 0$
$|1-z^3|\geq 0$
$\Rightarrow (x-y+z)^2+\sqrt{y^4}+|1-z^3|\geq 0$ với mọi $x,y,z$
Kết hợp $(x-y+z)^2+\sqrt{y^4}+|1-z^3|\leq 0$
$\Rightarrow (x-y+z)^2+\sqrt{y^4}+|1-z^3|=0$
Điều này xảy ra khi: $x-y+z=y^4=1-z^3=0$
$\Leftrightarrow y=0; z=1; x=-1$
ta có : \(x^2+1=x^2+xy+yz+zx=x\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
Tương tự ta đc \(y^2+1=\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
\(z^2+1=\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)\)
ĐẶt \(A=x\sqrt{\frac{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)}{\left(1+x^2\right)}}+y\sqrt{\frac{\left(1+z^2\right)\left(1+x^2\right)}{\left(1+y^2\right)}}+z\sqrt{\frac{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}{\left(1+z^2\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=x\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+y\sqrt{\frac{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}}+z\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=2\)
Cho 3 số dương x,y,z thỏa mãn: xy+yz+zx=1. Chứng minh rằng:
\(x\sqrt{\frac{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)}{1+x^2}}+y\sqrt{\frac{\left(1+z^2\right)\left(1+x^2\right)}{1+y^2}}+z\sqrt{\frac{\left(1+z^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}{1+z^2}}=2\)
Ta có:
\(1+x^2=xy+yz+zx+x^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
\(1+y^2=xy+yz+xz+y^2=\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(1+z^2=xy+yz+xz+z^2=\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
Thay vào A được:
\(P=x\sqrt{\frac{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+y\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}}\)\(+z\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\)
\(=x\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)^2}+y\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)^2}+z\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
\(=x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=xy+xz+xy+yz+xz+zy\)
\(=2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
\(=2\)(do xy+yz+xz=1)
=>Đpcm
Dạng toán này rất nhiều bạn hỏi rồi: thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\) vào các căn thức rồi phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử.
Cho 3 số dương x,y,z thỏa mãn x + y + z = xyz. Cmr:
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)}-\sqrt{1+y^2}-\sqrt{1+z^2}}{yz}+\frac{\sqrt{\left(1+z^2\right)\left(1+x^2\right)}-\sqrt{1+x^2}-\sqrt{1+z^2}}{xz}+\frac{\sqrt{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}-\sqrt{1+x^2}-\sqrt{1+y^2}}{xy}=0\)
Bạn tham khảo tại đây:
Cho x; y; z là các số dương nhỏ hơn 1 thỏa mãn x + y + z + 2\(\sqrt{xyz}\)= 1. Chứng minh rằng \(\sqrt{x\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)}+\sqrt{y\left(1-x\right)\left(1-z\right)}+\sqrt{z\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)}=1+\sqrt{xyz}\)
\(\sqrt{x\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)}=\sqrt{x\left(yz-y-z+1\right)}=\sqrt{x\left(yz-y-z+x+y+z+2\sqrt{xyz}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{x\left(yz+x+2\sqrt{xyz}\right)}=\sqrt{x^2+2x\sqrt{xyz}+xyz}=\sqrt{\left(x+\sqrt{xyz}\right)^2}\)
\(=x+\sqrt{xyz}\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{y\left(1-x\right)\left(1-z\right)}=y+\sqrt{xyz}\) ; \(\sqrt{z\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)}=z+\sqrt{xyz}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=x+y+z+3\sqrt{xyz}=1-2\sqrt{xyz}+3\sqrt{xyz}=1+\sqrt{xyz}\) (đpcm)
Cho x,y,z>0 thỏa mãn \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}=2\\x+y+z=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tính P=\(\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+1}+\frac{\sqrt{y}}{y+1}+\frac{\sqrt{z}}{z+1}\right)\)
+ \(\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)^2=4\Rightarrow x+y+z+2\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=1\)
+ \(x+1=x+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)+\sqrt{z}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}\right)\)
+ Tương tự : \(y+1=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\); \(z+1=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\)
+ \(P=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)^2}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)+\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}\right)+\sqrt{z}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)}\)
\(=2\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)=2\)
Cho x,y,z>0 tm : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}=2\\x+y+z=2\end{matrix}\right.\) .Tính:
P= \(\sqrt{\left(x+1\right).\left(y+1\right).\left(z+1\right)}.\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+1}+\frac{\sqrt{y}}{y+1}+\frac{\sqrt{z}}{z+1}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z+2\sqrt{xy}+2\sqrt{yz}+2\sqrt{zx}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2+2\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=1\)
Khi đó ta có : \(x+1=x+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)+\sqrt{z}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\)
Tương tự : \(y+1=\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\);
\(z+1=\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\)
Ta lần lượt xét các biểu thức :
+) \(\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left[\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\right]^2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\)
+) \(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+1}+\frac{\sqrt{y}}{y+1}+\frac{\sqrt{z}}{z+1}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{y}}{\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{z}}{\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)+\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}\right)+\sqrt{z}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\)
Do đó ta có :
\(P=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\cdot\frac{2}{\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\)
\(P=2\)
Vậy...
Cho \(x+y+z=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}=2\)Chứng minh: \(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{1+x}+\frac{\sqrt{y}}{1+y}+\frac{\sqrt{z}}{1+z}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}\)
Tìm max
\(A=3\sqrt{2x-1}+x\sqrt{5-4x^2}\left(\frac{1}{2}\le x\le\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{xyz\left(x+y+z+\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}\right)}{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\left(x,y,z>0\right)\)
A
Áp dụng BĐT cosi ta có
\(\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right).1}\le\frac{2x-1+1}{2}=x\)
\(x\sqrt{5-4x^2}\le\frac{x^2+5-4x^2}{2}=\frac{-3x^2+5}{2}\)
Khi đó
\(A\le3x+\frac{-3x^2+5}{2}=\frac{-3x^2+6x+5}{2}=\frac{-3\left(x-1\right)^2}{2}+4\le4\)
MaxA=4 khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-1=1\\x^2=5-4x^2\\x=1\end{cases}\Rightarrow}x=1\)
B
Áp dụng BĐT cosi ta có :
\(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
=> \(x+y+z\le\sqrt{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}\)
=> \(B\le\frac{xyz.\left(\sqrt{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}+\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}\right)}{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}=\frac{xyz.\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}}\)
Lại có \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}\); \(xy+yz+xz\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}\)
=> \(\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}.\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}}=3\sqrt{3}.xyz\)
=> \(B\le\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{3\sqrt{3}}=\frac{3+\sqrt{3}}{9}\)
\(MaxB=\frac{3+\sqrt{3}}{9}\)khi x=y=z