Find all the examples of the past simple and the present perfect in the article. Complete the rules in the Learn this! box below with present perfect or past simple. Then underline an example of each rule in the article.

LEARN THIS! Present perfect and past simple

a. We use ¹___________ to talk about a specific occasion in the past.

b. We use ²___________ to talk about a specific period of time that is still continuing.

c. We use ³___________ to say how long a situation has existed, often with for, since, or how long.

d. We use ⁴___________to talk about an event that has a strong connection with the present, often with just, already, or yet.

e. We use ⁵___________to talk about an experience at an unspecified time in the past, often with ever or never.

3. Find examples of the present simple and present continuous in the messages in exercise 2. Then read the Learn this! box and complete the rules.

(Tìm những ví dụ về thì hiện tại đơn và hiện tại tiếp diễn trong đoạn tin nhắn trong bài 2. Sau đó đọc hộp Learn this! và hoàn thành các quy tắc.)

LEARN THIS! Present tense contrast

We use:

a. the (1) present simple for something that happens regularly, always or never.

b. the (2) _____ for something that happens at this moment.

c. the (3) _____ for something that happens around this time.

d. the (4) _____ for stating a fact.

e. the (5) _____ with certain verbs that we do not usually use in continuous tenses: believe, know, like, love, need, understand, want, etc.

f. the (6) _____ for future arrangements.

Read the Learn this! box and complete the rules. Use the dialogue to help you. How many examples of this tense are there in the dialogue?

7. Look at the highlighted first conditional sentence in the text in exercise 6, and read the Learn this! box below. Complete rule a with present simple and will + verb. Then find two more examples in the text.

(Nhìn vào câu điều kiện loại 1 được tô nổi lên trong bài đọc ở bài số 6, và đọc hộp Learn this! ở dưới. Hoàn thành quy tắc a với thì hiện tại đơn và will + động từ. Sau đó tìm thêm hai ví dụ khác trong bài đọc.)

LEARN THIS! The first conditional(Câu điều kiện loại 1)

a. We use the first conditional to predict the result of an action. We use the (1) _____ to describe the action, and (2) _____ to describe the result. 

If I get the job, I'll have to move to New York.

b. The if clause can come before or after the main clause. If it comes after, we don't use a comma. 

I won’t take the job if it isn't challenging enough.

Read the Leam this! box. Underline an example of the present perfect simple for a completed action in exercise 2.

Study the examples of the present perfect simple and continuous from the blog on page 32. Then complete rules 1-3.

Present perfect simple 

She has stopped off in Mexico...

“I've worked hard!”

“It hasn't always been easy or fun.”

Present perfect continuous 

Liz Clark has been living that dream…

I've been following her inspirational blog...

Adverts on Liz's blog have been paying for her trip.

II. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs (present simple, present continuous, or present perfect).

1. She always (remember) remembers my birthday.

2. Look! It (snow) is snowing

3. How long (know) ______Simon?

4. Is this the second time he (lose) has lost his job ?

5. How many times (you/ take) _________________ this exam?

6. He (eat) is eating six bars of chocolate today!

7. When I’m in Paris I (usually/stay) usually stays in the Hotel du Pont, but this time I (stay)________ in the more expensive Hotel Notre Dame.

8. (they/ arrive) They have arrived already?

9. My father (be) ______an engineer, but he (not/work) isn’t working right now.

10. My parents (live) __________. in Sydney. Where (your parents/ live) _________________?

11.It’s the most difficult exam I ever (take) have taken .

12. We (own) _________________two cars, an estate car and a sports car.

13. Can you drive? No, but I (learn) am learning at the moment.

14. Julie (cook) is cooking dinner. Let’s go and eat!

15. Look! That woman (try) is trying to steal that man’s wallet.

16. I (drink)  _________________ more water lately, and I feel better.

17. I (clean) _________________ all morning – I’m fed up!

18. The River Nile (flow) _________________ into the Mediterranean.

19. Sorry about the mess! I (bake) _________________

20. The students (finish) _________________ their exams. They’re very happy.

21. __________ (you/ talk) about the upcoming journey? Can I join?

22. Recently, the United States__________ (alter) the whole of their immigration laws.

23. Either kangaroo or Sydney Opera House__________ (symbolize) Australia.

24. Look at the London Eye! The wheel__________ (appear) motionless, but it__________  (rotate) slowly.

25. Look! The concert__________ (start) at 7 P.M. and__________ (end) at 9 P.M.

26. Canada__________ (provide) fish, furs, and other natural resources to the world since the 15th century.

27. We’ve already booked our holiday. We__________ (go) to Scotland in July.

28. About 375 million people__________ (speak) English as their first language.

29. To preserve natural habitat, the government__________ (establish) six national parks so far.

30. That’s the best speech I ________ever ____________(hear).

31. I__________ (live) in the UK at the moment to learn English.

32. English__________ (be) an official language in several African countries, such as Liberia, Nigeria, and South Africa.

33. __________ (you/ ever/ be) to Singapore? - Yes, I__________ (be) there twice.

34. Where do you go (you/ go) on your holiday next summer?

35. Over 670 million people visted (visit) Disneyland since its opening in 1955.