Đặt x² + 2x = a ta có

\(\frac{1}{a-3}\)+ \(\frac{18}{a+2}\)= \(\frac{18}{a+1}\)

<=> a² - 15a + 56 = 0

<=> a = (7;8)

Thế vô tìm được nghiệm 

ĐKXĐ: \(x\geq -2\).

Nhận thấy x = -2 không là nghiệm của pt.

Xét x khác -2.

\(PT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{x^3+8}-\left(2x+4\right)=\dfrac{24x-18}{x^2-2x-7}-6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-6x-4\right)}{\sqrt[3]{x^3+8}+x+2}=\dfrac{-6\left(x^2-6x-4\right)}{x^2-2x-7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+2}{\sqrt[3]{x^3+8}+x+2}=\dfrac{-6}{x^2-2x-7}\left(1\right)\) hoặc x² - 6x - 4 = 0.

\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x-1\right)=-6\sqrt[3]{x^3+8}\)

+) Nếu x \(\geq 7\) thì \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x-1\right)>0\ge-6\sqrt{x^3+8}\) (loại)

+) Nếu \(x\le7\) thì \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x-1\right)\ge-2\left(x+2\right)>-6\sqrt[3]{3\left(x+2\right)}\ge-6\sqrt[3]{x^3+8}\) (loại)

Do đó (1) vô nghiệm.

Do đó \(x^2-6x-4=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3+\sqrt{13}\left(TMĐK\right)\\x=3-\sqrt{13}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy...

x=-0,384367156686985

x=0,442125301696298

x=2,9422181027264

\(\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)^2=18\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+2\right)^2=72\) (*)

Đặt \(a=2x+2\)

(*) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-3\right)\left(a-5\right).a^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3-5a^2\right)\left(a-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-8a^3+15a^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-5a^3-3a^3+15a^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3.\left(a-5\right)-3a^2.\left(a-5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-5\right)\left(a-3\right).a^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=0\\2x-1=0\\\left(2x+2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a,\left(x-6\right)\left(2x-5\right)\left(3x+9\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-6=0\Leftrightarrow x=6\\2x-5=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\3x+9=0\Leftrightarrow x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,2x\left(x-3\right)+5\left(x-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+5\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\Leftrightarrow x=3\\2x+5=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,x^2-4-\left(x-2\right)\left(3-2x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(3-2x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2-3+2x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(x=-7\left(2m-5\right)x-2m^2+8\Leftrightarrow x+7\left(2m-5\right)=8-2m^2\Leftrightarrow x\left(14m-34\right)=8-2m^2\)

\(ycđb\Leftrightarrow14m-34\ne0\Leftrightarrow m\ne\dfrac{34}{14}\)\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{8-2m^2}{14m-34}\)

\(3.17\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x+1-2x-1=0\Leftrightarrow4x^2-6x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(4x-6\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

3.15:

a, \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-6=0\\2x-5=0\\3x+9=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{9}{3}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\2x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(3-2x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2-3+2x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\3x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

3.16

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2m-5\right).-7-2m^2+8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-14m+35-2m^2+8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-14m-2m^2+43=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2\left(7m+m^2\right)=-43\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m\left(7-m\right)=\dfrac{43}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{m\left(7-m\right)}{1}-\dfrac{43}{2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{14m-2m^2}{2}-\dfrac{43}{2}=0\)

pt vô nghiệm

a)

\(\dfrac{x-2}{4}+\dfrac{2x-3}{3}=\dfrac{x-18}{6}\)

`<=> 3x-6+8x-12=2x-36`

`<=> 3x+8x-2x=-36+6+12`

`<=> 9x=-18`

`<=> x=-2`

b)

\(\dfrac{x+3}{x-3}+\dfrac{3-x}{x+3}=\dfrac{36}{x^2-9}\left(x\ne3;x\ne-3\right)\)

suy ra

`(x+3)^2 +(3-x)(x-3)=36`

`<=>x^2 +6x+9+3x-9-x^2 +3x=36`

`<=> x^2 -x^2 +6x+3x+3x+9-9-36=0`

`<=> 12x-36=0`

`<=> 12x=36`

`<=> x=3 (KTMĐK)

ta có :

a.

\(3\sqrt{-x^2+x+6}\ge2\left(1-2x\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x^2+x+6\ge0\\1-2x< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-2x\ge0\\9\left(-x^2+x+6\right)\ge4\left(1-2x\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2\le x\le3\\x>\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\\25\left(x^2-x-2\right)\le0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2}< x\le3\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\\-1\le x\le2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow-1\le x\le3\)

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}-4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}-2\sqrt{x}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2+8x+5-16x}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2x^2-4x+5-4x}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-8x+5\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-8x+5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4\pm\sqrt{6}}{2}\)

Câu b còn 1 cách giải nữa:

Với \(x=0\) không phải nghiệm

Với \(x>0\) , chia 2 vế cho \(\sqrt{x}\) ta được:

\(\sqrt{2x+8+\dfrac{5}{x}}+\sqrt{2x-4+\dfrac{5}{x}}=6\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{2x-4+\dfrac{5}{x}}=t>0\Leftrightarrow2x+8+\dfrac{5}{x}=t^2+12\)

Phương trình trở thành:

\(\sqrt{t^2+12}+t=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{t^2+12}=6-t\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6-t\ge0\\t^2+12=\left(6-t\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t\le6\\12t=24\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow t=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x-4+\dfrac{5}{x}}=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-4+\dfrac{5}{x}=4\)

\(\Rightarrow2x^2-8x+5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)