Cho a,b>0 thỏa mãn \(\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b-1\right)=a^2+b^2\). Tính max P =\(\dfrac{1}{a^4+b^2+2ab^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^4+a^2+2ba^2}\)
cho 2 số dương a, b thỏa mãn: \(\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b-1\right)=a^2+b^2\). Tìm GTLN của biểu thức:
\(Q=\frac{1}{a^4+b^2+2ab^2}+\frac{1}{b^4+a^2+2ba^2}\)
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b-1\right)=a^2+b^2\)
=> \(2ab=a+b\)
Mà \(2ab\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\)
=> \(a+b\ge2\)
Ta có
\(a^4+b^2\ge2a^2b\)
\(b^4+a^2\ge2ab^2\)
Khi đó \(Q\le\frac{1}{2ab\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{2ab\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\le\frac{2}{2^2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(MaxQ=\frac{1}{2}\)khi a=b=1
1. Cho a,b,c ≠0 thỏa mãn: (a+b+c)2=a2+b2+c2
Rút gọn:
\(M=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}\)
2. Cho a+b+c=0
Rút gọn:
\(A=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc}{\left(a-b\right)^3+\left(b-c\right)^3+\left(c-a\right)^3}\)
Bài 1:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\Leftrightarrow bc=-ab-ac\)
\(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+bc-ab-ac}=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
CMTT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2ca}=\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}\\\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}=\dfrac{c^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(M=\dfrac{a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}=1\)
Bài 2:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)+c^3-3abc-3a^2b-3ab^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)(do \(a+b+c=0\))
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{0}{\left(a-b\right)^3+\left(b-c\right)^3+\left(c-a\right)^3}=0\)
1) cho các số thực dương a,b thỏa mãn \(3a+b\le1\). Tìm Min của \(P=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
2) Với hai số thực a,b không âm thỏa mãn \(a^2+b^2=4\). Tìm Max \(M=\dfrac{ab}{a+b+2}\)
3) Cho x,y khác 0 thỏa mãn \(\left(x+y\right)xy=x^2+y^2-xy\). Tìm Max \(A=\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}\)
1) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM và bất đẳng thức Schwarz:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+\dfrac{a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{8}{3a+b}\ge8\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).
2.
\(4=a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b\le2\sqrt{2}\)
Đồng thời \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge a^2+b^2\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b+2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}\) (với \(x=a+b\Rightarrow2\le x\le2\sqrt{2}\) )
\(M\le\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}-\sqrt{2}+1+\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{2}-x\right)\left(x+4-2\sqrt{2}\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)}+\sqrt{2}-1\le\sqrt{2}-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2\sqrt{2}\) hay \(a=b=\sqrt{2}\)
3. Chia 2 vế giả thiết cho \(x^2y^2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\le4\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\le16\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Cho a,b,c>0 thỏa abc=1. Chứng minh :
\(\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{b}{\left(b+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{c}{\left(c+1\right)^2}-\dfrac{4}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Đành giải tạm bằng nick này vì sợ một vài thành phần trẻ trâu anti phá phách :poor:
Phân tích và giải
Dễ thấy: Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(\Rightarrow L=Σ\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\text{ và }F=-\dfrac{4}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Khi đó \(VT=L-F=\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Ta sẽ chia làm 2 bước cm:
B1: \(Σ\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\). Ta xét BĐT :
\(\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{a}{a^2+2a+1}\le\dfrac{3\left(a^{2k}+a^k\right)}{8\left(a^{2k}+a^k+1\right)}\) (cần tìm \(k\) thỏa mãn)
\(\Leftrightarrow8a\left(a^{2k}+a^k+1\right)-3\left(a^{2k}+a^k\right)\left(a^2+2a+1\right)\le0\)\(\Leftrightarrow f\left(a\right)=-3a^{2k}+2a^{k+1}-3a^{k+2}+2a^{2k+1}-3a^{2k+2}-3a^k+8a\)
\(\Rightarrow f'\left(a\right)=2k\cdot-3a^{2k-1}+\left(k+1\right)2a^k-\left(k+2\right)3a^{k+1}+\left(2k+1\right)2a^{2k}-\left(2k+2\right)3a^{2k+1}-k\cdot3a^{k-1}+8a\)
\(\Rightarrow f'\left(1\right)=0\Rightarrow-12k=0\Rightarrow k=0\)
Hay BĐT phụ cần tìm là \(\dfrac{a}{a^2+2a+1}\le\dfrac{3\left(a^{2\cdot0}+a^0\right)}{8\left(a^{2\cdot0}+a^0+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\) (bài này \(k\) đẹp ra luôn \(\farac{1}{4}\) cộng vào là ok =))
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{4\left(a+1\right)^2}\le0\) *Đúng* \(\RightarrowΣ\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}\leΣ\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
B2: CM \(-\dfrac{4}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\le-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Tự cm nhé Goodluck :v
Một lời giải sơ cấp:
Đổi \(\left(a;b;c\right)\rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y};\dfrac{y}{z};\dfrac{z}{x}\right)\).BDT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(\sum\dfrac{xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{4xyz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\dfrac{3}{4}-\sum\dfrac{xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\right]+\left[\dfrac{4xyz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\left[\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\right]-\dfrac{\sum\left(x^2+y^2\right)z-6xyz}{2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{4\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{\sum z\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\left(x-y\right)^2\left[\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{z}{2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\right]\ge0\)
hay \(S_a\left(y-z\right)^2+S_b\left(z-x\right)^2+S_c\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)(*)
với \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S_a=\dfrac{1}{4\left(y+z\right)^2}-\dfrac{x}{2\prod\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}{4\left(y+z\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\\S_b=\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+z\right)^2}-\dfrac{y}{2\prod\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}{4\left(x+z\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}\\S_c=\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{z}{2\prod\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}{4\left(x+y\right)^2\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Dễ thấy \(S_a;S_b;S_c\) không phải là luôn không âm.Giả sử \(x=max\left\{x;y;z\right\}\).
Từ đó suy ra \(S_a\ge0\).Xét \(S_b+S_c=\dfrac{\left(y-z\right)^2}{4\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x+z\right)^2}\ge0,\forall x;y;z>0\)
Do đó \(VT=S_a\left(x-y\right)^2+\left[S_b\left(z-x\right)^2+S_c\left(x-y\right)^2\right]\ge0\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh \(S_b\left(z-x\right)^2+S_c\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) với \(S_b+S_c\ge0\)
và điều này đúng hay không e không biết, quan trọng là .. Chúc Mừng Năm Mới !!
Cho hai số a;b>0 thỏa mãn \(a+\dfrac{1}{b}=1\) .Chứng minh: \(\left(a+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2\)≥\(\dfrac{25}{2}\)
Lời giải:
$a+\frac{1}{b}=1\Rightarrow b=\frac{1}{1-a}$
Khi đó:
$A=(a+\frac{1}{a})^2+(b+\frac{1}{b})^2=a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+b^2+\frac{1}{b^2}+4$
$=(1-a)^2+\frac{1}{(1-a)^2}+a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+4$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$A=[\frac{1}{(1-a)^2}+\frac{1}{a^2}]+[(1-a)^2+a^2]$
$\geq \frac{2}{a(1-a)}+2a(1-a)+4$
$=2a(1-a)+\frac{1}{8a(1-a)}+\frac{15}{8a(1-a)}+4$
\(\geq 2\sqrt{2a(1-a).\frac{1}{8a(1-a)}}+\frac{15}{8.\left(\frac{a+1-a}{2}\right)^2}+4\)
\(=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}+\frac{15}{2}+4=\frac{25}{2}\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=\frac{1}{2}; b=2$
Cho a và b là các số khác 0 thỏa mãn: \(ab\left(a+b\right)=a^2+b^2-ab\)
Tìm Max của: \(A=\dfrac{1}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{b^3}\)
\(ab\left(a+b\right)=a^2+b^2-ab\Rightarrow ab=\dfrac{a^2+b^2-ab}{a+b}\)
\(A=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{a^3b^3}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)}{a^3b^3}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)ab\left(a+b\right)}{a^3b^3}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2b^2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{ab}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{\dfrac{a^2+b^2-ab}{a+b}}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2-ab}\right)^2\)
Ta có: \(a^2+b^2-ab>0;\forall a;b\ne0\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2-ab}\ge0\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2-ab}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+2ab}{a^2+b^2-ab}=\dfrac{4\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)-3\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)}{a^2+b^2-ab}=4-\dfrac{3\left(a-b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2-ab}\le4\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2-ab}\le4\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le16\)
\(A_{max}=16\) khi \(a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
1. Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
\(x^5-x^4+\left(y+2\right)x^3+\left(y-2\right)x^2+yx+y^2\)
2. Cho các số dương thỏa mãn:
\(\dfrac{b+c}{a^2}+\dfrac{c+a}{b^2}+\dfrac{a+b}{c^2}=2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
Tính giá trị biểu thức sau: \(P=\left(a-b\right)^{2009}+\left(b-c\right)^{2009}+\left(c-a\right)^{2009}\)
3. Cho x,y,x đôi một khác nhau và khác 0. Chứng minh rằng nếu:
\(\dfrac{x^2-yz}{a}=\dfrac{y^2-xz}{b}=\dfrac{z^2-xy}{c}\) thì ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^2-bc}{x}=\dfrac{b^2-ca}{y}=\dfrac{c^2-ab}{z}\)
1.
\(y^2+y\left(x^3+x^2+x\right)+x^5-x^4+2x^3-2x^2\)
\(\Delta=\left(x^3+x^2+x\right)^2-4\left(x^5-x^4+2x^3-2x^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^3-x^2+3x\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{-x^3-x^2-x+x^3-x^2+3x}{2}=-x^2+x\\y=\dfrac{-x^3-x^2-x-x^3+x^2-3x}{2}=-x^3-2x\end{matrix}\right.\)
Hay đa thức trên có thể phân tích thành:
\(\left(x^2-x+y\right)\left(x^3+2x+y\right)\)
Dựa vào đó em tự tách cho phù hợp
2.
\(VT=a\left(\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)+b\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)+c\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{2a}{bc}+\dfrac{2b}{ac}+\dfrac{2c}{ab}=2\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc}\)
\(VP=\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
3.
\(\dfrac{x^2-yz}{a}=\dfrac{y^2-xz}{b}=\dfrac{z^2-xy}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x^2-yz}{a}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{y^2-xz}{b}\right)\left(\dfrac{z^2-xy}{c}\right)=\dfrac{\left(x^2-yz\right)^2-\left(y^2-xz\right)\left(z^2-xy\right)}{a^2-bc}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\right)}{a^2-bc}\)
Tương tự:
\(\left(\dfrac{y^2-xz}{b}\right)^2=\dfrac{y\left(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\right)}{b^2-ac}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{z^2-xy}{c}\right)^2=\dfrac{z\left(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\right)}{c^2-ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x\left(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\right)}{a^2-bc}=\dfrac{y\left(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\right)}{b^2-ac}=\dfrac{z\left(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\right)}{c^2-ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{a^2-bc}=\dfrac{y}{b^2-ac}=\dfrac{z}{c^2-ab}\Rightarrowđpcm\)
B1: Cho \(0\le a,b,c\le2\) thỏa mãn \(a+b+c=3\). CMR: \(a^2+b^2+c^2\le5\)
B2: Cho \(a,b\ge0\) thỏa mãn \(a^2+b^2=a+b\). TÌm GTLN \(S=\dfrac{a}{a+1}+\dfrac{b}{b+1}\)
B3: CMR: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\ge\dfrac{4}{xy}\forall x\ne y,xy\ne0\)
Bài 3:
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\ge\dfrac{4}{xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{xy}.x^2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+x^2+y^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+x^2-2xy+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{xy}{x-y}\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{xy}{x-y}\right)^2-2xy+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{xy}{x-y}-x+y\right)^2=0\) (luôn đúng)
Cho a,b,c>0 thỏa mãn a+b+c=3 CMR:
\(\dfrac{a^4}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)}+\dfrac{b^4}{\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}+\dfrac{c^4}{\left(c+2\right)\left(a+2\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\frac{a^4}{(a+2)(b+2)}+\frac{a+2}{27}+\frac{b+2}{27}+\frac{1}{9}\geq 4\sqrt[4]{\frac{a^4}{27.27.9}}=\frac{4a}{9}\)
\(\frac{b^4}{(b+2)(c+2)}+\frac{b+2}{27}+\frac{c+2}{27}+\frac{1}{9}\geq \frac{4b}{9}\)
\(\frac{c^4}{(c+2)(a+2)}+\frac{c+2}{27}+\frac{a+2}{27}+\frac{1}{9}\geq \frac{4c}{9}\)
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn:
\(\frac{a^4}{(a+2)(b+2)}+\frac{b^4}{(b+2)(c+2)}+\frac{c^4}{(c+2)(a+2)}+\frac{2(a+b+c)}{27}+\frac{7}{9}\geq\frac{4(a+b+c)}{9}\)
\(\frac{a^4}{(a+2)(b+2)}+\frac{b^4}{(b+2)(c+2)}+\frac{c^4}{(c+2)(a+2)}\geq \frac{10(a+b+c)}{27}-\frac{7}{9}=\frac{30}{27}-\frac{7}{9}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$