a, ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)

 PT <=> 2x - 1 = 5

<=> x = 3 ( TM )

Vậy ...

b, ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge5\)

PT <=> x - 5 = 9

<=> x = 14 ( TM )

Vậy ...

c, PT <=> \(\left|2x+1\right|=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=6\\2x+1=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ...

d, PT<=> \(\left|x-3\right|=3-x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=x-3\\x-3=3-x\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy phương trình có vô số nghiệm với mọi x \(x\le3\)

e, ĐKXĐ : \(-\dfrac{5}{2}\le x\le1\)

PT <=> 2x + 5 = 1 - x

<=> 3x = -4

<=> \(x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\left(TM\right)\)

Vậy ...

f ĐKXĐ : \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le0\\1\le x\le3\end{matrix}\right.\)

PT <=> \(x^2-x=3-x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{3}\) ( TM )

Vậy ...

a) \(\sqrt{2x-1}=\sqrt{5}\)          (x \(\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\))

<=> 2x - 1 = 5

<=> x = 3 (tmđk)

Vậy S = \(\left\{3\right\}\)

b) \(\sqrt{x-5}=3\)           (x\(\ge5\))

<=> x - 5 = 9

<=> x = 4 (ko tmđk)

Vậy x \(\in\varnothing\)

c) \(\sqrt{4x^2+4x+1}=6\)          (x \(\in R\))

<=> \(\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=6\)

<=> |2x + 1| = 6

<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\text{2x + 1=6}\\\text{2x + 1}=-6\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)(tmđk)

Vậy S = \(\left\{\dfrac{5}{2};\dfrac{-7}{2}\right\}\)

`a)sqrt{x^2-2x+1}=2`

`<=>sqrt{(x-1)^2}=2`

`<=>|x-1|=2`

`**x-1=2<=>x=3`

`**x-1=-1<=>x=-1`.

Vậy `S={3,-1}`

`b)sqrt{x^2-1}=x`

Điều kiện:\(\begin{cases}x^2-1 \ge 0\\x \ge 0\\\end{cases}\)

`<=>` \(\begin{cases}x^2 \ge 1\\x \ge 0\\\end{cases}\)

`<=>x>=1`

`pt<=>x^2-1=x^2`

`<=>-1=0` vô lý

Vậy pt vô nghiệm

`c)sqrt{4x-20}+3sqrt{(x-5)/9}-1/3sqrt{9x-45}=4(x>=5)`

`pt<=>sqrt{4(x-5)}+sqrt{9*(x-5)/9}-sqrt{(9x-45)*1/9}=4`

`<=>2sqrt{x-5}+sqrt{x-5}-sqrt{x-5}=4`

`<=>2sqrt{x-5}=4`

`<=>sqrt{x-5}=2`

`<=>x-5=4`

`<=>x=9(tmđk)`

Vậy `S={9}.`

`d)x-5sqrt{x-2}=-2(x>=2)`

`<=>x-2-5sqrt{x-2}+4=0`

Đặt `a=sqrt{x-2}`

`pt<=>a^2-5a+4=0`

`<=>a_1=1,a_2=4`

`<=>sqrt{x-2}=1,sqrt{x-2}=4`

`<=>x_1=3,x_2=18`,

`e)2x-3sqrt{2x-1}-5=0`

`<=>2x-1-3sqrt{2x-1}-4=0`

Đặt `a=sqrt{2x-1}(a>=0)`

`pt<=>a^2-3a-4=0`

`a-b+c=0`

`<=>a_1=-1(l),a_2=4(tm)`

`<=>sqrt{2x-1}=4`

`<=>2x-1=16`

`<=>x=17/2(tm)`

Vậy `S={17/2}`

d.

ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 2$. Đặt $\sqrt{x-2}=a(a\geq 0)$ thì pt trở thành:

$a^2+2-5a=-2$

$\Leftrightarrow a^2-5a+4=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (a-1)(a-4)=0$

$\Rightarrow a=1$ hoặc $a=4$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-2}=1$ hoặc $\sqrt{x-2}=4$

$\Leftrightarrow x=3$ hoặc $x=18$ (đều thỏa mãn)

e. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \frac{1}{2}$

Đặt $\sqrt{2x-1}=a(a\geq 0)$ thì pt trở thành:

$a^2+1-3a-5=0$

$\Leftrightarrow a^2-3a-4=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (a+1)(a-4)=0$

Vì $a\geq 0$ nên $a=4$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2x-1}=4$

$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{17}{2}$

a.

$\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}=2$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(x-1)^2}=2$

$\Leftrightarrow |x-1|=2$

$\Rightarrow x-1=\pm 2$

$\Leftrightarrow x=3$ hoặc $x=-1$ (đều thỏa mãn)

b. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 1$ hoặc $x\leq -1$

PT \(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 0\\ x^2-1=x^2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 0\\ 1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) (vô lý)

Vậy pt vô nghiệm

c. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 5$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{4(x-5)}+3\sqrt{\frac{x-5}{9}}-\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{9(x-5)}=4$

$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x-5}-\sqrt{x-5}=4$

$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x-5}=4$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-5}=2$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2^2+5=9$ (thỏa mãn)

1: ĐKXĐ: x+3>=0

=>x>=-3

\(\sqrt{x+3}>2\)

=>x+3>4

=>x>4-3=1

2: ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>=0\\x< >4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-2}< 1\)

=>\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-2}-1< 0\)

=>\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1-\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-2}< 0\)

=>\(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}-2}< 0\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}-2< 0\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}< 2\)

=>0<=x<4

3: ĐKXĐ: x>=0

\(\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)-5=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)-5\)

=>\(x-4\sqrt{x}+3-5=x+2\sqrt{x}-5\)

=>\(x-4\sqrt{x}-2-x-2\sqrt{x}+5=0\)

=>\(-6\sqrt{x}+3=0\)

=>\(-6\sqrt{x}=-3\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

=>x=1/4(nhận)

1.

6x + 1 ≥0

<=>6x≥-1

<=>x≥-1/6

2.

3x - 5 > 0 

<=> 3x > 5

<=> x > 5/3

3.

x - 7 > 0

<=> x > 7

4. 

-3x ≥0

<=>x≤0

5.

√5 - √3 . x ≥0

<=> √3 . x ≤ √5

<=> x ≤ √5/3 = (√15)/3

1: ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\x\notin\left\{4;9\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-9-x+9+2x-4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)

\(1,A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-9-x+9+2x-3\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\\ A=\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\\ A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\left(x\ge0;x\ne4;x\ne9\right)\\ 2,A< 1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1-\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-3}< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}-3}< 0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-3< 0\Leftrightarrow0\le x< 9\)

\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}>\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}-\dfrac{1}{5}>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{5\sqrt{x}+10}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{5\sqrt{x}+10}>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5-\sqrt{x}-2}{5\sqrt{x}+10}>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{5\sqrt{x}+10}>0\)

Mà: \(5\sqrt{x}+10\ge10>0\forall x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}>3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x>9\)

_________

\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+3}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+3}-\dfrac{1}{2}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4}{2\sqrt{x}+6}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{2\sqrt{x}+6}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4-\sqrt{x}-3}{2\sqrt{x}+6}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{2\sqrt{x}+6}< 0\)

Mà: \(2\sqrt{x}+6\ge6>0\forall x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}< 1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x< 1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0\le x\le1\)

√(x² + x + 1) = 1

⇔ x² + x + 1 = 1

⇔ x² + x = 0

⇔ x(x + 1) = 0

⇔ x = 0 hoặc x + 1 = 0

*) x + 1 = 0

⇔ x = -1

Vậy x = 0; x = -1

--------------------

√(x² + 1) = -3

Do x² ≥ 0 với mọi x

⇒ x² + 1 > 0 với mọi x

⇒ x² + 1 = -3 là vô lý

Vậy không tìm được x thỏa mãn yêu cầu

--------------------

√(x² - 10x + 25) = 7 - 2x

⇔ √(x - 5)² = 7 - 2x

⇔ |x - 5| = 7 - 2x  (1)

*) Với x ≥ 5, ta có 

(1) ⇔ x - 5 = 7 - 2x

⇔ x + 2x = 7 + 5

⇔ 3x = 12

⇔ x = 4 (loại)

*) Với x < 5, ta có:

(1) ⇔ 5 - x = 7 - 2x

⇔ -x + 2x = 7 - 5

⇔ x = 2 (nhận)

Vậy x = 2

--------------------

√(2x + 5) = 5

⇔ 2x + 5 = 25

⇔ 2x = 20

⇔ x = 20 : 2

⇔ x = 10

Vậy x = 10

-------------------

√(x² - 4x + 4) - 2x +5 = 0

⇔ √(x - 2)² - 2x + 5 = 0

⇔ |x - 2| - 2x + 5 = 0 (2)

*) Với x ≥ 2, ta có: 

(2) ⇔  x - 2 - 2x + 5 = 0

⇔ -x + 3 = 0

⇔ x = 3 (nhận)

*) Với x < 2, ta có:

(2) ⇔ 2 - x - 2x + 5 = 0

⇔ -3x + 7 = 0

⇔ 3x = 7

⇔ x = 7/3 (loại)

Vậy x = 3

1)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+1=1^2=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

2) Do \(x^2+1>0\forall x\) nên \(x\in\varnothing\)

3) 

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-5\right)^2}=7-2x\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|x-5\right|=7-2x\)

Nếu \(x\ge5\) thì

\(\Leftrightarrow x-5-7+2x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3x-12=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3x=12\\ \Rightarrow x=4\)

=> Loại trường hợp này

Nếu \(x< 5\) thì

\(\Leftrightarrow5-x-7+2x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=0\\ \Rightarrow x=2\)

=> Nhận trường hợp này

Vậy x = 2 

4)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x+5=5^2=25\\ \Leftrightarrow2x=25-5=20\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{20}{2}=10\)

5)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2}-2x+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|x-2\right|-2x+5=0\)

Nếu \(x\ge2\) thì

\(\Leftrightarrow x-2-2x+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3-x=0\\ \Rightarrow x=3\)

=> Nhận trường hợp này

Nếu \(x< 2\) thì

\(\Leftrightarrow2-x-2x+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow7-3x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3x=7\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{3}\)

=> Loại trường hợp này

Vậy x = 3

ĐKXĐ: x>=0; x<>1/4

Ta có: \(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{2\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}-\frac{x+6\sqrt{x}+2}{2x+5\sqrt{x}-3}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{2\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}-\frac{x+6\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)+\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)-x-6\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x+4\sqrt{x}+3+2x-\sqrt{x}-x-6\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\frac{2x-3\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)

Ta có: P=A*B

\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{x+8}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{x+8}\)

=>\(\frac{1}{P}=\frac{x+8}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\frac{x-1+9}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\sqrt{x}+1+\frac{9}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\sqrt{x}-1+\frac{9}{\sqrt{x}-1}+2\ge2\cdot\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\cdot\frac{9}{\sqrt{x}-1}}+2=2\cdot3+2=8\forall x\) thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ

=>\(P\le\frac18\forall x\) thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2=9;\sqrt{x}-1>0\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}-1=3\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}=4\)

=>x=16(nhận)

\(a,\Leftrightarrow x-1=4\Leftrightarrow x=5\\ b,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\\3x+1=4x-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\\x=4\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=4\\ c,ĐK:x\ge-5\\ PT\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x+5}-3\sqrt{x+5}+4\sqrt{x+5}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x+5}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+5}=3\\ \Leftrightarrow x+5=9\\ \Leftrightarrow x=4\left(tm\right)\)

\(d,\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|x-2\right|=\sqrt{5}+1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=\sqrt{5}+1\\2-x=\sqrt{5}+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{5}+3\\x=1-\sqrt{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

1: ĐKXĐ: \(-1< x< 1\)

2: ĐKXĐ: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>2\\x\le-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

3: ĐKXĐ: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< -3\\x\ge2\end{matrix}\right.\)

4: ĐKXĐ: \(2< a\le3\)