Giải phương trình: cosx - \(3\sqrt{3}\) sinx = cos7x
giải phương trình
1.\(2sin15x+\sqrt{3}cos5x+sin5x=0\)
2.\(\left(cos2x-\sqrt{3}sin2x\right)-\sqrt{3}sinx-cosx+4=0\)
3.\(cos7x-sin5x=\sqrt{3}\left(cos5x-sin7x\right)\)
4.\(\frac{cosx-2sinx.cosx}{2cos^2x+sinx-1}=\sqrt{3}\)
1.
\(\Leftrightarrow sin5x+\sqrt{3}cos5x=-2sin15x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}sin5x+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos5x=-sin15x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(5x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin\left(-15x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x+\frac{\pi}{3}=-15x+k2\pi\\5x+\frac{\pi}{3}=\pi+15x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{\pi}{60}+\frac{k\pi}{10}\\x=-\frac{\pi}{15}+\frac{k\pi}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
2.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin2x-\frac{1}{2}cos2x\right)+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx+\frac{1}{2}cosx\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)+sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=2\)
Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)\le1\\sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)\le1\end{matrix}\right.\) với mọi x
\(\Rightarrow sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)+sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)\le2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=1\\sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\\x+\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{3}+k\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\)
3.
\(\Leftrightarrow cos7x+\sqrt{3}sin7x=sin5x+\sqrt{3}cos5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin7x+\frac{1}{2}cos7x=\frac{1}{2}sin5x+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(7x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=sin\left(5x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}7x+\frac{\pi}{6}=5x+\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\7x+\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{2\pi}{3}-5x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{12}+k\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{24}+\frac{k\pi}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
III. Phương trình bậc nhất đối với sinx và cosx:
*Giải các phương trình bậc nhất đối với sinx và cosx sau đây:
(2.1)
1) \(2sinx-2cosx=\sqrt{2}\)
2) \(cosx-\sqrt{3}sinx=1\)
3) \(\sqrt{3}sin\dfrac{x}{3}+cos\dfrac{x}{2}=\sqrt{2}\)
4) \(cosx-sinx=1\)
5) \(2cosx+2sinx=\sqrt{6}\)
6) \(sin3x+\sqrt{3}cosx=\sqrt{2}\)
7) \(3sinx-2cosx=2\)
(2.3)
1) \(\left(sinx-1\right)\left(1+cosx\right)=cos^2x\)
2) \(sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}+2x\right)+\sqrt{3}sin\left(\pi-2x\right)=1\)
3) \(\sqrt{2}\left(cos^4x-sin^4x\right)=cosx+sinx\)
4) \(sin2x+cos2x=\sqrt{2}sin3x\)
5) \(sinx=\sqrt{2}sin5x-cosx\)
6) \(sin8x-cos6x=\sqrt{3}\left(sin6x+cos8x\right)\)
7) \(cos3x-sinx=\sqrt{3}\left(cosx-sin3x\right)\)
8) \(2sin^2x+\sqrt{3}sin2x=3\)
9) \(sin^4x+cos^4\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
(2.3)
1) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(1-cos2x\right)}{2sinx}=cosx\)
2) \(cotx-tanx=\dfrac{cosx-sinx}{sinx.cosx}\)
3) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{cosx}+\dfrac{1}{sinx}=4\)
4) \(\dfrac{1+sinx}{1+cosx}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
5) \(3cosx+4sinx+\dfrac{6}{3cosx+4sinx+1}=6\)
(2.4)
a) Tìm nghiệm \(x\in\left(\dfrac{2\pi}{5};\dfrac{6\pi}{7}\right)\) của phương trình \(cos7x-\sqrt{3}sin7x+\sqrt{2}=0\)
b) Tìm nghiệm \(x\in\left(0;\pi\right)\) của phương trình \(4sin^2\dfrac{x}{2}-\sqrt{3}cos2x=1+2cos^2\left(x-\dfrac{3\pi}{4}\right)\)
(2.5) Xác định tham số m để các phương trình sau đây có nghiệm:
a) \(mcosx-\left(m+1\right)sinx=m\)
b) \(\left(2m-1\right)sinx+\left(m-1\right)cosx=m-3\)
(2.6) Tìm GTLN, GTNN (nếu có) của các hàm số sau đây:
a) \(y=3sinx-4cosx+5\)
b) \(y=cos2x+sin2x-1\)
2.1
a.
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx-cosx=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}=\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5\pi}{12}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{13\pi}{12}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(cosx-\sqrt{3}sinx=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}cosx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=-\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k2\pi\\x=-\dfrac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
c.
\(\sqrt{3}sin\dfrac{x}{3}+cos\dfrac{x}{2}=\sqrt{2}\)
Câu này đề đúng không nhỉ? Nhìn thấy có vẻ không đúng lắm
d.
\(cosx-sinx=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k2\pi\\x=-\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
giải phương trình: \(\sqrt{3}\left(cosx+2tanx\right)+sinx=\frac{3}{cosx^2}\)
ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx+\dfrac{1}{2}sinx=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(1+tan^2x\right)-\sqrt{3}tanx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(tanx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\right)^2+1\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)\le1\\\dfrac{3}{2}\left(tanx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\right)^2+1\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=1\\tanx=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\)
Giải phương trình:
1,\(sin^3x+cos^3x=1-\dfrac{1}{2}sin2x\)
2,\(|cosx-sinx|+2sin2x=1\)
3,\(2sin2x-3\sqrt{6}|sinx+cosx|+8=0\)
4,\(cosx+\dfrac{1}{cosx}+sinx+\dfrac{1}{sinx}=\dfrac{10}{3}\)
1.
\(sin^3x+cos^3x=1-\dfrac{1}{2}sin2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+cosx\right)\left(sin^2x+cos^2x-sinx.cosx\right)=1-sinx.cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+cosx\right)\left(1-sinx.cosx\right)=1-sinx.cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-sinx.cosx\right)\left(sinx+cosx-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx.cosx=1\\sinx+cosx=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin2x=2\left(vn\right)\\\sqrt{2}sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}=\pi-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
2.
\(\left|cosx-sinx\right|+2sin2x=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|cosx-sinx\right|-1+2sin2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|cosx-sinx\right|-\left(cosx-sinx\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|cosx-sinx\right|\left(1-\left|cosx-sinx\right|\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=0\\\left|cosx-sinx\right|=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}=k\pi\\cos^2x+sin^2x-2sinx.cosx=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\1-sin2x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\sin2x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x=\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3.
\(2sin2x-3\sqrt{6}\left|sinx+cosx\right|+8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(sinx+cosx\right)^2-3\sqrt{6}\left|sinx+cosx\right|+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|sinx+cosx\right|=\sqrt{6}\left(vn\right)\\\left|sinx+cosx\right|=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\right|=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=\pm\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
...
Giải phương trình: \(cos2x+\sqrt{3}sin2x+\sqrt{3}sinx-cosx=4\).
`cos 2x+\sqrt{3}sin 2x+\sqrt{3}sin x-cos x=4`
`<=>1/2 cos 2x+\sqrt{3}/2 sin 2x+\sqrt{3}/2 sin x-1/2 cos x=2`
`<=>sin(\pi/6 +2x)+sin(x-\pi/6)=2`
Vì `-1 <= sin (\pi/6 +2x) <= 1`
`-1 <= sin (x-\pi/6) <= 1`
Dấu "`=`" xảy ra `<=>{(sin(\pi/6+2x)=1),(sin(x-\pi/6)=1):}`
`<=>{(\pi/6+2x=\pi/2+k2\pi),(x-\pi/6=\pi/2+k2\pi):}`
`<=>{(x=\pi/6+k\pi),(x=[2\pi]/3+k2\pi):}` `(k in ZZ)`
Giải phương trình lượng giác bậc nhất đối với sinx và cosx:
\(cos3x-sinx=\sqrt{3}\left(cosx-sin3x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos3x+\sqrt{3}sin3x=\sqrt{3}cosx+sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}cos3x+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin3x=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx+\dfrac{1}{2}sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(3x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\3x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\dfrac{\pi}{6}-x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{12}+k\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{8}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 1: Giải các phương trình sau:
a, \(\sqrt{2}sinx-cosx=\sqrt{2}\)
b, sin7x+ \(\sqrt{3}\) cos7x =\(\sqrt{2}\)
c, 5cos2x-12sinx=13
d, sinx+cosx=\(\sqrt{2}\)
e, \(\frac{1+\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{2}}\)cosx+ \(\frac{1-\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{2}}\)sinx= \(\frac{1}{2}\)
Câu 2: giải các phương trình sau:
a, \(\sqrt{3}\)tanx-6cotx+2\(\sqrt{3}\) - 3=0
b, \(\frac{1-sin2x}{2sinx}\)=sinx
c, \(\sqrt{3}sinx-cosx=1\)
d, \(2sin3x+\sqrt{5}cos3x=3\)
e, sinx(cosx+2sinx)+1=cos2x-2
a.
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}sinx-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}cosx=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Đặt \(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}=cosa\) với \(a\in\left(0;\pi\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow sinx.cosa-cosx.sina=cosa\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-a\right)=sin\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-a\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-a=\frac{\pi}{2}-a+k2\pi\\x-a=\frac{\pi}{2}+a+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{2}+2a+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(\frac{1}{2}sin7x+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos7x=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(7x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}7x+\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\7x+\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{\pi}{84}+\frac{k2\pi}{7}\\x=\frac{5\pi}{84}+\frac{k2\pi}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c.
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{5}{13}cos2x-\frac{12}{13}sin2x=1\)
Đặt \(\frac{5}{13}=cosa\) với \(a\in\left(0;\pi\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow cos2x.cosa-sin2x.sina=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(2x+a\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+a=k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{a}{2}+k\pi\)
d.
\(\sqrt{2}sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\)
e.
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx.cos\left(\frac{\pi}{12}\right)-sinx.sin\left(\frac{\pi}{12}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+\frac{\pi}{12}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{\pi}{12}=\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x+\frac{\pi}{12}=-\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải phương trình sau:
a)sinx+\(\sqrt{3}cosx=2sin3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx=sin3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\3x=\dfrac{2\pi}{3}-x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)
giải phương trình lượng giác
\(\dfrac{cosx-\sqrt{3}sinx}{sinx-\dfrac{1}{2}}=0\)
ĐK: \(x\ne\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi;x\ne\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\)
\(\dfrac{cosx-\sqrt{3}sinx}{sinx-\dfrac{1}{2}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx-\sqrt{3}sinx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}cosx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k\pi\)
Đối chiếu điều kiện ta được \(x=-\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\).