Cho \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\) chứng minh rằng:
a) \(\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)
b) \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+c^3}\)
1) Cho a, b, c > 0. Chứng minh: \(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
2) Cho \(a,b,c\in R\).
a) Chứng minh: \(\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
b) Chứng minh: \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
3) Cho \(a,b,c\in R\)Chứng minh: \(\frac{a^3}{b^2}+\frac{b^3}{c^2}+\frac{c^3}{a^2}\ge\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\)
2) Theo nguyên lí Dirichlet, trong ba số \(a^2-1;b^2-1;c^2-1\) có ít nhất hai số nằm cùng phía với 1.
Giả sử đó là a2 - 1 và b2 - 1. Khi đó \(\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+3a^2+3b^2+9\ge4a^2+4b^2+8\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a^2+b^2+1+1\right)\left(1+1+c^2+1\right)\) (2)
Mà \(4\left[\left(a^2+b^2+1+1\right)\left(1+1+c^2+1\right)\right]\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\) (3)(Áp dụng Bunhicopxki và cái ngoặc vuông)
Từ (2) và (3) ta có đpcm.
Sai thì chịu
Xí quên bài 2 b:v
b) Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(\left(a^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(b^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge0\)
Suy ra \(a^2b^2-\frac{1}{4}a^2-\frac{1}{4}b^2+\frac{1}{16}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+a^2+b^2+1\ge\frac{5}{4}a^2+\frac{5}{4}b^2+\frac{15}{16}\)
Hay \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
Suy ra \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+c^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2}a+\frac{1}{2}b+\frac{1}{2}c+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\) (Bunhiacopxki) (đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
Cách nữa cho bài 2:
2a) Ta có: \(4\left(a^2+1+2\right)\left(1+1+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
Hay \(4\left(a^2+3\right)\left(2+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2=VP\)
Như vậy ta quy bài toán về chứng minh: \(\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(2+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2c^2+b^2+c^2+1\ge4bc\Leftrightarrow\left(bc-1\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
b) Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:\(\left(a^2+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\frac{1}{4}+b^2+c^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+c^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\ge\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
Từ đó ta có thể quy bài toán về chứng minh: \(\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(b^2+c^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
...
Bài 3:Sửa đề a, b, c >0
Có: \(\frac{a^3}{b^2}+\frac{a^3}{b^2}+b\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^6}{b^3}}=\frac{3a^2}{b}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{2b^3}{c^2}+c\ge\frac{3b^2}{c};\frac{2c^3}{a^2}+a\ge\frac{3c^2}{a}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên: \(2\left(\frac{a^3}{b^2}+\frac{b^3}{c^2}+\frac{c^3}{a^2}\right)+a+b+c\ge3\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)\)
\(\ge2\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)+a+b+c\)
Từ đó ta có đpcm.
cho a,b,c>0. Chứng minh rằng \(\left(a+\frac{1}{b}-1\right)\left(b+\frac{1}{c}-1\right)+\left(b+\frac{1}{c}-1\right)\left(c+\frac{1}{a}-1\right)+\left(c+\frac{1}{a}-1\right)\left(a+\frac{1}{b}-1\right)>=3\)
Cho a,b,c>0. Chứng minh rằng:
\(\frac{b^3}{a^2\left(a^3+2b^3\right)}+\frac{c^3}{b^2\left(b^3+2c^3\right)}+\frac{a^3}{c^2\left(c^3+2a^3\right)}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\).
cho a,b,c >0 chứng minh rằng \(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt[3]{abc}}>=\frac{\left(a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^{ }}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt[3]{abc}}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
cauchy-schwarz:
\(VT=\frac{c^2}{ac^2+bc^2}+\frac{a^2}{a^2b+a^2c}+\frac{b^2}{b^2c+b^2a}+\frac{\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}}{2abc}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{b^3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{c^3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\\ \\ \)Cho a,b,c > 0 và a+b+c=3 Chứng minh rằng :
\(3=a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(abc\le1\)
\(VT=\frac{a^3\left(a+1\right)+b^3\left(b+1\right)+c^3\left(c+1\right)}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}=\frac{a^4+b^4+c^4+a^3+b^3+c^3}{a+b+c+ab+bc+ca+abc+1}\)
\(\ge\frac{\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3}+\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a+b+c}}{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+5}=\frac{\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^4}{9}}{3}+\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^4}{9}}{3}}{8}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{\frac{3^4}{9}}{3}}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)
cho a,b,c >0; abc=1.chứng minh
\(\frac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y};\frac{1}{z}\right)\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
\(P=\frac{x^3yz}{y+z}+\frac{xy^3z}{x+z}+\frac{xyz^3}{x+y}=\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}\)
\(P\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
Cho a,b,c>0 và abc=1. Chứng minh: \(\frac{1}{a^3.\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b^3.\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{c^3.\left(b+c\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
A = 1/ [a³(b+c)] +1/ [b³(a+c)] +1/ [ c³(a+b)]
Ta có 1 / [a³(b+c)] = b²c²/[a(b+c)] , do abc = 1 ==> 1/a² = b²c².
biến đổi tương tự cho các biểu thức còn lại và đặt ab = x, bc = y, ac = z
Suy ra A = x²/(y+z) + y²/(x+z) + z²/(x+y)
áp dụng buniacopski ta có A [ √(y+z)² + √(x+z)² + √(x+y)² ] ≥ (x+y+z)²
==> A ≥ 1/2*(x+y+z)²/(x+y+z) = 1/2( x+y+z) ≥ 3/2 √xyz = 3/2 √(abc)² = 3/2 abc =3/2 (DPCM)
cho a,b,c>0 .Chứng minh \(\left(\frac{a}{b+c}\right)^3+\left(\frac{b}{c+a}\right)^3+\left(\frac{c}{a+b}\right)^3\ge\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{a^3}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{b^3}{c^3+a^3}+\frac{c^3}{a^3+b^3}\right)\)
Ta có: \(a^3+b^3\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^3\)
Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương:
\(a^3-a^2b+ab^2-b^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng với a;b dương)
Áp dụng: \(\frac{a^3}{\left(b+c\right)^3}+\frac{b^3}{\left(c+a\right)^3}+\frac{c^3}{\left(a+b\right)^3}\ge\frac{a^3}{4\left(b^3+c^3\right)}+\frac{b^3}{4\left(c^3+a^3\right)}+\frac{c^3}{4\left(a^3+b^3\right)}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
cho a,b,c>0 và \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\le16\left(a+b+c\right)\). Chứng minh rằng:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+b+2\sqrt{a+c}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c+2\sqrt{b+a}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a+2\sqrt{b+c}\right)^3}\le\frac{8}{9}\)
Lời giải:
Sửa đề: \(\frac{1}{(a+b+\sqrt{2(a+c)})^3}+\frac{1}{(b+c+\sqrt{2(b+a)})^3}+\frac{1}{(c+a+\sqrt{2(b+c)})^3}\leq \frac{8}{9}\)
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Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(a+b+\sqrt{2(a+c)}=a+b+\sqrt{\frac{a+c}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{a+c}{2}}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{(a+b)(a+c)}{2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow [a+b+\sqrt{2(a+c)}]^3\geq \frac{27}{2}(a+b)(a+c)\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{(a+b+\sqrt{2(a+c)})^3}\leq \frac{2}{27(a+b)(a+c)}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại:
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq \frac{4(a+b+c)}{27(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}(1)\)
Lại theo BĐT AM-GM:
\((a+b)(b+c)(c+a)=(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)-abc\geq (a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)-\frac{(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)}{9}=\frac{8}{9}(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)(2)\)
Và:
\(16(a+b+c)\geq \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}\geq \frac{3(a+b+c)}{ab+bc+ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac\geq \frac{3}{16}(3)\)
Từ \((1);(2);(3)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq \frac{1}{6(ab+bc+ac)}\leq \frac{1}{6.\frac{3}{16}}=\frac{8}{9}\) (đpcm)