a, Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 56x + 65y = 12,1 (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Các quá trình: 

\(Fe^0\rightarrow Fe^{+2}+2e\)

x___________ 2x (mol)

\(Zn^0\rightarrow Zn^{+2}+2e\)

y____________ 2y (mol)

\(2H^++2e\rightarrow H_2^0\)

______0,4___0,2 (mol)

Theo ĐLBT mol e, có: 2x + 2y = 0,4 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{12,1}.100\%\approx46,3\%\\\%m_{Zn}\approx53,7\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, BTNT Fe và Zn, có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ m _muối = m_FeCl2 + m_ZnCl2 = 0,1.127 + 0,1.136 = 26,3 (g)

c, BTNT H, có: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x=C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(M\right)\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

a) 

TN1: Gọi (n_Zn; n_Fe; n_Cu) = (a; b; c)

=> 65a + 56b + 64c = 18,5 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl₂ + H₂

            a---------------------->a

            Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

             b----------------------->b

=> a + b = 0,2 (2)

TN2: Gọi (n_Zn; n_Fe; n_Cu) = (ak; bk; ck)

=> ak + bk + ck = 0,15 (3)

PTHH: Zn + Cl₂ --t^o--> ZnCl₂

           ak-->ak

           2Fe + 3Cl₂ --t^o--> 2FeCl₃

            bk--->1,5bk

           Cu + Cl₂ --t^o--> CuCl₂

           ck-->ck

=> \(ak+1,5bk+ck=\dfrac{3,92}{22,4}=0,175\)(4)

(1)(2)(3)(4) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\\c=0,1\left(mol\right)\\k=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{18,5}.100\%=35,135\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{18,5}.100\%=30,27\%\\\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,1.64}{18,5}.100\%=34,595\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) n_O(oxit) = \(\dfrac{23,7-18,5}{16}=0,325\left(mol\right)\)

=> n_H2O = 0,325 (mol)

=> n_HCl = 0,65 (mol)

=> \(V=\dfrac{0,65}{1}=0,65\left(l\right)=650\left(ml\right)\)

a)

\(Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ Fe_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2FeCl_3 + 3H_2\)

Theo PTHH : \(n_{Zn} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{35,5-0,3.65}{160} = 0,1\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl} = 2n_{Zn} + 6n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,3.2 + 0,1.6 = 1,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl} = 1,2.36,5 = 43,8(gam)\)

b)

\(CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3H_2O\)

Gọi \(n_{CuO} = a;n_{Fe_2O_3} = b\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80a+160b=19,6\\a+3b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,135\\b=0,055\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy : 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=0,135\\n_{Fe}=0,055.2=0,11\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=0,135.64=8,64\left(gam\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,11.56=6,16\left(gam\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Sửa đề: dd H₂SO₄ 9,8%

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=0,35\cdot2=0,7\left(g\right)\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,35\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,35\cdot98}{9,8\%}=350\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{H_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=361,6\left(g\right)\)

b) Tương tự câu a

Zn+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2

 2Al+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H2

Gọi số mol HCllà x

n H2=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)n HCl=0,5x

Bảo toàn khối lượng: mkl+mHCl=mmuối+mH2

6,05+36,5x=13,15+0,5x.2

→x=0,2 mol

mHCl=0,2.36,5=7,3 gam

=>m =mddHCl=\(\dfrac{7,3}{10\%}\)=73gam

a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,1}=5\left(M\right)\)

c, Ta có: 65n_Zn + 24n_Mg = 10,1 (1)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+n_{Mg}=0,25\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(A.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ B.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25mol\\ n_{Zn}=a,n_{Mg}=b\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+24b=10,1\\a+b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,1;b=0,15\\ n_{HCl}=0,1.2+0,15.2=0,5mol\\ C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,1}=5M\\ C.m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5g\\ m_{Mg}=10,1-6,5=3,6g\)

Đáp án C

Ca+ 2H2O -> Ca(OH)2+ H2 

nH2= nCa= 0,14 mol 

=> mCa= 5,6g 

=> mFe= 6,2-5,6= 0,6g 

H2 + O -> H2O 

=> Y có 0,14 mol O 

nFe2O3= 0,02 mol 

=> 0,02 mol Fe2O3 có 0,04 mol Fe và 0,06 mol O 

Tổng mol Fe sau phản ứng là = 0,1 mol 

=> FexOy có 0,06 mol Fe và 0,08 mol O 

nFe : nO= 0,06 : 0,08= 3 : 4 

=> FexOy là Fe3O4 

a= 0,06.56+ 0,08.16= 4,64g

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,136}{22,4}=0,14mol\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ca}=x\\n_{Na}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)

 x                                            x     ( mol )

\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)

 y                                        1/2 y       ( mol )

Ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40x+23y=6,2\\x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,14\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,04\\y=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ca}=0,04.40=1,6g\\m_{Na}=0,2.23=4,6g\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{3,2}{160}=0,02mol\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)

0,02      0,06               0,04       0,06               ( mol )

\(m_{Fe}=0,04.56=2,24g\)

\(\rightarrow m_{H_2\left(tdFe_xO_y\right)}=0,14-0,06=0,08mol\)

\(n_{Fe\left(tdFe_xO_y\right)}=\dfrac{5,6-0,04.56}{56}=0,06mol\)

\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)xFe+yH_2O\)

                0,08            0,06              ( mol )

\(\Rightarrow x:y=0,06:0,08=3:4\)

\(\Rightarrow CTHH:Fe_3O_4\)