Có \(P=\dfrac{x+z}{xyz}=\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{xy}=\dfrac{1}{y}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{y}.\dfrac{4}{x+z}\)

\(=\dfrac{4}{y\left(x+z\right)}=\dfrac{4}{y\left(4-y\right)}=\dfrac{4}{-y^2+4y}=\dfrac{4}{-\left(y-2\right)^2+4}\ge1\)

"=" xảy ra khi y = 2 ; x = 1 ; z = 1

Giúp mình câu này với ah.

Ta có x+y+z=4

=>y=4-x-z

Ta có :x,y,z>0

=>\(x^2>0,z^2>0\)

=>\(x^2z>0,z^2x>0\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cô si với hai số dương \(x^2z\) và z ta có

      \(x^2z+z\)>=2\(\sqrt{x^2z.z}\)

<=>\(x^2z+z>=2xz\)

CMTT:\(z^2x+x>=2xz\)

=>\(x^2z+z+z^2x+x>=4xz\)

=>\(x+z>=4xz-x^2z-z^2x\)

=>\(x+z>=xz\left(4-x-z\right)\)

Mà y=4-x-z(cmt)

=>\(x+z>=xyz\)

=>\(\dfrac{x+z}{xyz}>=1\)

hay \(P>=1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2z=z\\z^2x=x\\x+y+z=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

                        <=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=1\\z^2=1\\x+y+z=4\end{matrix}\right.\)  

                        <=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\z=1\\1+y+1=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

                        <=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\z=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy tại x=1, y=2,z=1 thì P có giá trị nhỏ nhất là 1

Ta sẽ chứng minh \(P_{min}=1\)

TH1: \(xyz=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2y^2z^2=0\Rightarrow x^4+y^4+z^4=1\)

\(P=x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\sqrt{x^4+y^4+z^4}=1\)

TH2: \(xyz\ne0\) , từ điều kiện, tồn tại 1 tam giác nhọn ABC sao cho \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=cosA\\y^2=cosB\\z^2=cosC\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(P=cosA+cosB+cosC-\sqrt{2cosA.cosB.cosC}\)

Ta sẽ chứng minh \(cosA+cosB+cosC-\sqrt{2cosA.cosB.cosC}\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4sin\dfrac{A}{2}sin\dfrac{B}{2}sin\dfrac{C}{2}\ge\sqrt{2cosA.cosB.cosC}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8sin^2\dfrac{A}{2}sin^2\dfrac{B}{2}sin^2\dfrac{C}{2}\ge cosA.cosB.cosC\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8sin^2\dfrac{A}{2}sin^2\dfrac{B}{2}sin^2\dfrac{C}{2}}{8sin\dfrac{A}{2}sin\dfrac{B}{2}sin\dfrac{C}{2}cos\dfrac{A}{2}cos\dfrac{B}{2}cos\dfrac{C}{2}}\ge cotA.cotB.cotC\)

\(\Leftrightarrow tan\dfrac{A}{2}tan\dfrac{B}{2}tan\dfrac{C}{2}\ge cotA.cotB.cotC\)

\(\Leftrightarrow tanA.tanB.tanC\ge cot\dfrac{A}{2}cot\dfrac{B}{2}cot\dfrac{C}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow tanA+tanB+tanC\ge cot\dfrac{A}{2}+cot\dfrac{B}{2}+cot\dfrac{C}{2}\)

Ta có:

\(tanA+tanB=\dfrac{sin\left(A+B\right)}{cosA.cosB}=\dfrac{2sinC}{cos\left(A-B\right)-cosC}\ge\dfrac{2sinC}{1-cosC}=\dfrac{2sin\dfrac{C}{2}cos\dfrac{C}{2}}{2sin^2\dfrac{C}{2}}=cot\dfrac{C}{2}\)

Tương tự: \(tanA+tanC\ge cot\dfrac{B}{2}\) ; \(tanB+tanC\ge cot\dfrac{A}{2}\)

Cộng vế với vế ta có đpcm

Vậy \(P_{min}=1\) khi \(\left(x^2;y^2;z^2\right)=\left(1;0;0\right)\) và các hoán vị hoặc \(\left(x^2;y^2;z^2\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)

Xét \(x+y+z=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+z=-x\\z+x=-y\\x+y=-z\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\left(2-1\right)\left(2-1\right)\left(2-1\right)=1\)

Xét \(x+y+z\ne0\) thì ta có:

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=y+z+3x\\5y=z+x+3y\\5z=x+y+3z\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=y+z\\2y=z+x\\2z=x+y\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\left(2+2\right)\left(2+2\right)\left(2+2\right)=64\)

Vậy \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}A=1\\A=64\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nếu bị lỗi thì bạn có thể xem đây nhé:

\(4=x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{xyz}\le\dfrac{4}{3}\Leftrightarrow xyz\le\dfrac{64}{27}\)(BĐT cauchy)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{4}{3}\)

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$xy\le \frac{(x+y)^2}{4}=\frac{(4-z)^2}{4}$

$\Rightarrow H\leq \frac{z(4-z)^2}{4}$

Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$z(4-z)\leq \frac{(z+4-z)^2}{4}=4$

$4-z\leq 2$ do $z\geq 2$

$\Rightarrow \frac{z(4-z)^2}{4}\leq \frac{4.2}{4}=2$

Hay $H\leq 2$ 

Vậy $H_{\max}=2$ khi $(x,y,z)=(1,1,2)$

\(2=x^2+y^2+z^2\ge y^2+z^2\ge2yz\Rightarrow yz\le1\)

\(P=x\left(1-yz\right)+y+z\Rightarrow P^2\le\left[x^2+\left(y+z\right)^2\right]\left[\left(1-yz\right)^2+1\right]\)

\(P^2\le\left(2+2yz\right)\left(y^2z^2-2yz+2\right)\)

\(P^2\le2\left(yz\right)^3-2\left(yz\right)^2+4=2y^2z^2\left(yz-1\right)+4\le4\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le2\)

\(P_{max}=2\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(0;1;1\right)\) và các hoán vị