$n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,05(mol)$
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{150.20\%}{98} = \dfrac{15}{49}(mol)$

$Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2O$

Ta thấy : 

$n_{Fe_2O_3} : 1 < n_{H_2SO_4} :3$ nên $H_2SO_4$ dư

$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 8 + 150 = 158(gam)$

$n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = \dfrac{15}{49} - 0,05.3 = \dfrac{153}{980}(mol)$

$n_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,025(mol)$

$C\%_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{   \dfrac{153}{980}.98}{158} .100\% = 9,7\%$

$C\%_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{0,025.400}{158}.100\% = 6,3\%$

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{3,2}{80}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100.20\%}{98}=0,204\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)

0,04      0,04           0,04    

\(\dfrac{0,04}{1}< \dfrac{0,204}{1}\) --> H2SO4 dư

\(C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,04.160}{3,2+100}.100\%=6,2\%\)

\(C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{3,2+100}.100\%=19\%\)

\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,8}{40}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{MgO}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,02.98}{50}.100\%=3,92\%\)

\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,8}{40}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)

0,02       0,02

\(a,m_{H_2SO_4}=0,02.98=1,96\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%=\dfrac{1,96}{50}.100\%=3,92\%\)

\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,8}{40}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)

\(n_{MgO}=n_{H2SO4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

\(C\%_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{0,02.98}{50}.100\%=3,92\%\)

Câu 1:

CuO + H₂SO₄ → CuSO₄ + H₂O

\(n_{CuO}=\frac{3,2}{80}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=200\times9,8\%=19,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CuO}=n_{H_2SO_4}\)

Theo bài: \(n_{CuO}=\frac{1}{5}n_{H_2SO_4}\)

Vì \(\frac{1}{5}< 1\) ⇒ H₂SO₄ dư

Dung dịch sau pư gồm: H₂SO₄ dư và CuSO₄

Ta có: \(m_{dd}saupư=3,2+200=203,2\left(g\right)\)

Theo Pt: \(n_{H_2SO_4}pư=n_{CuO}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}dư=0,2-0,04=0,16\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}dư=0,16\times98=15,68\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}dư=\frac{15,68}{203,2}\times100\%=7,72\%\)

Theo Pt: \(n_{CuSO_4}=n_{CuO}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{CuSO_4}=0,04\times160=6,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CuSO_4}=\frac{6,4}{203,2}\times100\%=3,15\%\)

Câu 2:

ZnO + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂O

\(n_{ZnO}=\frac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=200\times24,5\%=49\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Theo Pt: \(n_{ZnO}=n_{H_2SO_4}\)

Theo bài: \(n_{ZnO}=\frac{1}{5}n_{H_2SO_4}\)

Vì \(\frac{1}{5}< 1\) ⇒ H₂SO₄ dư

Dung dịch sau pư gồm: H₂SO₄ dư và ZnSO₄

Ta có: \(m_{dd}saupư=8,1+200=208,1\left(g\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}pư=n_{ZnO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}dư=0,5-0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\times98=39,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{39,2}{208,1}\times100\%=18,84\%\)

Theo pT: \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{ZnO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4}=0,1\times161=16,1\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\frac{16,1}{208,1}\times100\%=7,74\%\)

a, \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

b, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1,12}{56}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.0,12=0,024\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,02}{1}< \dfrac{0,024}{1}\), ta được H₂SO₄ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,024-0,02=0,004\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2}=0,1\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,004}{0,2}=0,02\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1,12}{56}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,12.0,2=0,024\left(mol\right)\)

\(a,PTHH:\)

                                 \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

Trc p/u:                      0,02    0,024        

p/u:                           0,02     0,02         0,02        0,02 

sau :                        0           0,004         0,02          0,02

-> sau pư H2SO4 dư 

\(m_{FeSO_4}=0,02.3,04\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddFeSO_4}=1,12+\left(0,024.98\right)-\left(0,02.2\right)=3,432\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{3,04}{3,432}.100\%\approx88,58\%\%0\)

\(C\%_{H_2SO_4dư}=\dfrac{0,004.98}{0,024.98}.100\%\approx16,67\%\)

a)

$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$

Theo PTHH : 

$n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{Fe} = 0,15.56 = 8,4(gam)$

b)

$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = 0,15(mol)$
$C_{M_{H_2SO_4}} = \dfrac{0,15}{0,05} = 3M$

c)

$n_{FeSO_4} = n_{H_2} = 0,15(mol)$
$C_{M_{FeSO_4}} = \dfrac{0,15}{0,05} = 3M$

PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot9,8\%}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Fe₂O₃ còn dư, tính theo axit 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\cdot400=40\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot160\approx5,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{40}{16+200-5,3}\cdot100\%\approx18,98\%\)

a)

$n_{Al}  = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)$

$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH: 

$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,3}{2} = 0,15(lít)$
$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,1(mol)$
$C_{M_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,15} = 0,67M$

b)

$V_{H_2} = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(lít)$