\(a^2+4b^2+4c^2\ge4ab-4ac+8bc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b+2c\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b,c\)

\("="\Leftrightarrow b=\dfrac{a}{2}+c\)

\(\dfrac{1}{a-2b}.\sqrt{b^2\left(a^2-4ab+4b^2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{a-2b}.b.\left|a-2b\right|=\dfrac{1}{a-2b}.b.\left(2b-a\right)=-b\)

\(\dfrac{1}{a-2b}\cdot\sqrt{b^2\cdot\left(a^2-4ab+b^2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1\cdot\left(a-2b\right)}{a-2b}\cdot b\)

=b

cac giup minh di minh sap phai nop roi

a²+4b²⁺4c²>= 4ab-4ac+8bc

a²+4b²⁺4c² - 4ab +4ac-8bc

(a² - 4ab+4b²)+4c²+(4ac-8bc>=0)

suy ra (a-2b²)+2.2c.(a-2b)+(2c)²

(a-2b+2c)²>=0

dau = xảy ra khi va chỉ khi a+2c=2b

a²+4b²+4c²>= 4ab-4ac+8bc(dpcm)

ban giai day du cho minh di. minh lam de nop ma

a) \(=\left(a+2c\right)^2-16=\left(a+2c-4\right)\left(a+2c+4\right)\)

b) \(=3y\left(4-x^2\right)+9\left(4-x^2\right)=3\left(4-x^2\right)\left(y+3\right)\)

\(=3\left(2-x\right)\left(2+x\right)\left(y+3\right)\)

a, a² + 4ac + 4c² - 16 = (a + 2c)² - 4² = (a + 2c -4).(a + 2c +4)

b, 12y - 9x² + 36 - 3x²y = (12y + 36) - (3x²y + 9x²) = 12.(y+ 3) - 3x².(y + 3) =(y + 3).(12 - 3x²)

a² + 4b² + 4c² ≥ 4ab - 4ac + 8bc

⇔ a² + 4b² + 4c² - 4ab + 4ac - 8bc ≥ 0

⇔ (a - 2b + 2c)² ≥ 0 (đúng ∀abc)

Vậy a² + 4b² + 4c² ≥ 4ab - 4ac + 8bc

Ta có

   n⁴ + 4 = n⁴ + 4n² + 4 – 4n²

             = (n² + 2 )² – (2n)²

            = (n² + 2 – 2n )(n² + 2 + 2n)

Vì n⁴ + 4 là số nguyên tố nên  n² + 2 – 2n = 1 hoặc  n² + 2 + 2n = 1

Mà   n² + 2 + 2n > 1 vậy  n² + 2 – 2n = 1 suy ra n = 1

Thử lại : n = 1 thì 1⁴ + 4 = 5 là số nguyên tố

Vậy với n = 1 thì  n⁴ + 4  là số nguyên tố.

Bài 1 : 

a) \(x^2+y^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2xy+y^2-2xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=\left(-3\right)^2-2.\left(-28\right)=65\)

b) \(x^3+y^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-3xy\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-3xy\right]=\left(-3\right)\left[\left(-3\right)^2-3.\left(-28\right)\right]=-279\)

c) \(x^4+y^4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^4-4x^3y-4xy^3-6x^2y^2=\left(-3\right)^4-4\left(-28\right).65-6\left(-28\right)^2=2657\)

Bài 3:

Có:    \(x^3+y^3+z^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3\)

=>     \(x^3+y^3+z^3=\left(-z\right)^3-3xy.-z+z^3\)

=>     \(x^3+y^3+z^3=-z^3+z^3+3xyz=3xyz\)

=> TA CÓ ĐPCM.

VẬY      \(x+y+z=0\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)

Bài 2 :

a) Giả sử  \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge ab+ac+ad\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2-ab-ac-ad\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2-4ab-4ac-4ad\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(a-2c\right)^2+\left(a-2d^2\right)\ge0\)( luôn đúng )

\(\RightarrowĐPCM\)

b) Sửa đề : \(a^2+4b^2+4c^2\ge2ab-2ac+4bc\)

Ta có : \(\left(a+2c\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2+4c^2\ge-4ac\left(1\right)\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si ta có :

\(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+4b^2\ge4ab\left(2\right)\\4b^2+4c^2\ge8bc\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)

(1) + (2) + (3) 

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+8b^2+8c^2\ge4ab-4ac+8bc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+4b^2+4c^2\right)\ge4\left(ab-ac+2bc\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+4b^2+4c^2\ge2ab-2ac+4bc\)

Áp dụng BĐT \(abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(3-2a\right)\left(3-2b\right)\left(3-2c\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9abc+18\left(a+b+c\right)\ge12\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+27\)

\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3\)

Do đó:

\(P=4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+abc\ge4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+\dfrac{4}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3\)

\(P\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{10}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-3\)

\(P\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{10}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)^2-3=13\)

Đề bài bạn viết thiếu số 1 bên vế phải rồi

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT Schur:

$abc\geq (a+b-c)(b+c-a)(c+a-b)=(3-2a)(3-2b)(3-2c)$

$\Leftrightarrow 9abc\geq 12(ab+bc+ac)-27$

$\Leftrightarrow abc\geq \frac{4}{3}(ab+bc+ac)-3$

Do đó:

$4(a^2+b^2+c^2)+abc\geq 4(a^2+b^2+c^2)+\frac{4}{3}(ab+bc+ac)-3$

$=\frac{10}{3}(a^2+b^2+c^2)+\frac{2}{3}(a+b+c)^2-3$

$\geq \frac{10}{9}(a+b+c)^2+\frac{2}{3}(a+b+c)^2-3=13$ (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$

Bài đúng phải là $4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+abc\geq 13$ nhé bạn.