2Al + 2H₂O + 2NaOH→ 3H₂ + 2NaAlO₂

0,2mol 0,3mol

mAl=0,2.27=5,4g

2Al + 6HCl→ 2AlCl₃+ 3H₂

0,2mol 0,3mol

Fe + 2HCl→ FeCl₂+ H₂

0,15mol 0,45-0,3 mol

mFe=0,15.56=8,4g

mCu=32,8-(6,4+8,4)=18g

%mFe=\(\frac{8,4}{32,8}.100=25,6\%\)

%mCu=\(\frac{18}{32,8}.100=54,8\%\)

%mAl=19,6%

Sửa 13,4 → 13,44

\(Gọi : n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Zn} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56a + 65b = 35,4(1)\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{13,44}{22,4} = 0,6(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = 0,4 ; b = 0,2\\ m_{Fe}= 0,4.56 = 22,4(gam)\\ m_{Zn} = 0,2.65 = 13(gam)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Mg}=s\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=i\left(mol\right)\left(s,i>0\right)\\ PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24s+56i=12,8\\s+i=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}s=0,3\\i=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,3.24}{12,8}.100=56,25\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=100\%-56,25\%=43,75\%\)

Mg+2HCl->FeCl₂+H₂

x------------------------x mol

Fe+2HCl->MgCl₂+H₂

y-------------------------y mol

ta có :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+56y=12,8\\x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>%m _Mg=\(\dfrac{0,3.24}{12,8}.100\)=56,25%

=>%m _Fe=43,75%

Chất rắn ko tan là Cu

Đặt \(n_{Mg}=x(mol);n_{Al}=y(mol)\Rightarrow 24x+27y=13-4=9(1)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45(mol)\\ PTHH:Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+1,5y=0,45(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,15(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ a,\%_{Cu}=\dfrac{4}{13}.100\%=30,77\%\\ \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,15.24}{13}.100\%=27,69\%\\ \%_{Al}=100\%-30,77\%-27,69\%=41,54\%\\ b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=2x+3y=0,9(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,9}{2}=0,45(l)\)

\(n_{Fe} =a (mol) ; n_{Zn} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56a + 65b = 35,4(1)\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{13,44}{22,4} = 0,6(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = 0,4 ; b = 0,2\\ m_{Fe} = 0,4.56 = 22,4(gam)\\ m_{Zn} = 0,2.65 = 13(gam)\)

1)

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

Cu + 2H₂SO₄ --> CuSO₄ + SO₂ + 2H₂O

2)

- Xét TN1:

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

         0,15<------------------0,15

=> m_Fe = 0,15.56 = 8,4 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{14,8}.100\%=56,757\%\\\%m_{Cu}=100\%-56,757\%=43,243\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

3) 

- Xét TN2:

\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{29,6.43,243\%}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Cu + 2H₂SO₄ --> CuSO₄ + SO₂ + 2H₂O

            0,2-------------------------->0,2

=> V = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

a) Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

_____0,15<-0,3<----0,15<---0,15

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{0,15.56}{12}.100\%=70\%\%\\\%Cu=100\%-70\%=30\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) m_HCl = 0,3.36,5 = 10,95 (g)

=> \(m_{dd}=\dfrac{10,95.100}{10}=109,5\left(g\right)\)

d) mdd  = 12 + 109,5 - 0,15.2 = 121,2 (g)

 \(C\%\left(FeCl_2\right)=\dfrac{0,15.127}{121,2}.100\%=15,718\%\)

a: \(Cu+2HCl->CuCl_2+H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\)

Gọi nMg=a mol nAl=b mol
=>mcr=24a+27b=6,3 gam
Mg+2HCl=>MgCl2+H2
a mol                 =>a mol
2Al+6HCl=>2AlCl3+3H2
b mol                      =>1,5b mol
nH2=1,5b+a=0,3
=>b=0,1 mol a=0,15 mol
mMg=3,6 gam
mAl=2,7gam
Gọi CT oxit là M2On

nH2        + M2On  => 2M + nH2O
0,3 mol=>0,3/n mol
n oxit=0,3/n mol
=>m oxit=0,3(2M+16n)=17,4n
=>M=21n
chọn n=8/3
=>M=56 CT oxit của M là Fe3O4