\(\)Ta có: \(a+b+c=0 \Rightarrow b+c=-a \Rightarrow (b+c)^2=(-a)^2 \Leftrightarrow b^2+c^2+2bc=a^2 \Leftrightarrow a^2-b^2-c^2=2bc\)

Tương tự: \(b^2-c^2-a^2=2ca;c^2-a^2-b^2=2ab\)

\(P=...=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{2bc}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}=\dfrac{3abc}{2abc}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

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Bổ đề \(a+b+c=0 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\)

Ở đây ta c/m chiều thuận:
Với \(a+b+c=0 \Leftrightarrow a+b=-c \Rightarrow (a+b)^3=(-c)^3 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab(a+b)=-c^3 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc(QED)\)

\(a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^{2012}}=3\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow-\dfrac{1}{a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}}\ge-\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Lại có:

\(a^{2013}+a^{2013}+...+a^{2013}\left(\text{2012 số hạng}\right)+1\ge2013\sqrt[2013]{\left(a^{2013}\right)^{2012}}=2013.a^{2012}\)

\(\Rightarrow2012.a^{2013}+1\ge2013.a^{2012}\)

Tương tự: \(2012.b^{2013}+1\ge2013.b^{2012}\) ; \(2012.c^{2013}+1\ge2013.c^{2012}\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(\Rightarrow a^{2013}+b^{2013}+c^{2013}\ge\dfrac{2013\left(a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}\right)-3}{2012}\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{2013\left(a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}\right)-3}{2012\left(a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}\right)}=\dfrac{2013}{2012}-\dfrac{3}{2012}.\dfrac{1}{a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}}\ge\dfrac{2013}{2012}-\dfrac{3}{2012}.\dfrac{1}{3}=1\)

\(A_{min}=1\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)

b^2=ac

=>b/a=c/b=k

=>b=ak; c=bk=ak*k=ak^2

\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+a^2k^2}{a^2k^2+a^2k^4}=\dfrac{1}{k^2}\)

\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{a}{ak^2}=\dfrac{1}{k^2}\)

=>\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a}{c}\)

Bài 1:

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\Leftrightarrow bc=-ab-ac\)

\(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+bc-ab-ac}=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)

CMTT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2ca}=\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}\\\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}=\dfrac{c^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(M=\dfrac{a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}=1\)

Bài 2:

\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)+c^3-3abc-3a^2b-3ab^2\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)(do \(a+b+c=0\))

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{0}{\left(a-b\right)^3+\left(b-c\right)^3+\left(c-a\right)^3}=0\)

Bài 3:

\(\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\ge\dfrac{4}{xy}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{xy}.x^2y^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+x^2+y^2\ge4xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+x^2-2xy+y^2\ge2xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{xy}{x-y}\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge2xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{xy}{x-y}\right)^2-2xy+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{xy}{x-y}-x+y\right)^2=0\) (luôn đúng)

-Tham khảo:

-Tham khảo:

Giải:

Ta có: \(b^2=ac\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=k\)

+) \(k^2=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{a}{c}\) (1)

+) \(k=\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{2011b}{2011c}=\dfrac{a+2011b}{b+2011c}\) ( t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau )

\(\Rightarrow k^2=\left(\dfrac{a+2011b}{b+2011c}\right)^2=\dfrac{\left(a+2011b\right)^2}{\left(b+2011c\right)^2}\) (2)

Từ (1), (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{\left(a+2011b\right)^2}{\left(b+2011c\right)^2}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Giải:

Từ hằng đẳng thức: \(\left(a+b\right)^2=a^2+2ab+b\) ta có:

\(VP=\dfrac{\left(a+2011b\right)^2}{\left(b+2011c\right)^2}=\dfrac{a^2+2.2011ab+\left(2011b\right)^2}{b^2+2.2011bc+\left(2011c\right)^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^2+2.2011ab+2011^2ac}{ac+2.2011bc+2011^2c^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{a\left(a+2.2011b+2011^2c\right)}{c\left(a+2.2011b+2011^2c\right)}=\dfrac{a}{c}=VT\)

Vậy \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{\left(a+2011b\right)^2}{\left(b+2011c\right)^2}\) (Đpcm)

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