Câu 1: a) Cho P=\(\dfrac{1}{2}+\sqrt{x}\) .Tìm GTNN của P.
b) Cho Q=\(7-2.\sqrt{x-1}\) .Tìm GTLN của Q
Câu 2: Cho M=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x-1}}{2}\) Tìm\(x\in Z\) , \(x< 50\) để M\(\in\)Z
Câu 1: \(Q=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{x+5}{x-\sqrt{x}-2}\)
a,Rút gọn Q
b, Tìm \(x\in Z\) để \(Q\in Z\)
1.
\(a,Q=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{x+5}{x-\sqrt{x}-2}\)
\(Q=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)-x-5}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\\ Q=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}+2-x-4\sqrt{x}-3-x-5}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\\ Q=\dfrac{-x-7\sqrt{x}-6}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\\ Q=\dfrac{-\left(x+7\sqrt{x}+6\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\\ Q=\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+6\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}-6}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
\(b,Q\in Z\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}-6}{\sqrt{x}-2}\in Z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)-8}{\sqrt{x}-2}\in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow-1-\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{x}-2}\in Z\)
Mà \(-1\in Z\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{x}-2}\in Z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8⋮\sqrt{x}-2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2\inƯ\left(8\right)=\left\{-8,-4,-2,-1,1,2,4,8\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{-6;-2;0;1;3;4;6;10\right\}\)
Mà \(x\in Z\) và \(\sqrt{x}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{0;1;4\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;1;4\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;1;4\right\}\) thì \(Q\in Z\)
Cho biểu thức: Q = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-2}-3\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}\).
a) Tìm điều kiện xác định và rút gọn Q.
b) Tìm các giá trị của x để Q < -1.
c) Tìm các giá trị của x \(\in\) Z sao cho 2Q \(\in\) Z.
a, đk: \(x\ge0,x\ne9,x\ne4\)
\(Q=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-4-x+3\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}+3-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2-\sqrt{x}}{-\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)}=\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
b,\(Q< -1=>\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{x}-3}+1< 0< =>\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-3}< 0\)
\(< =>\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-4}{\sqrt{x}-3}< 0\)
\(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-4>0\\\sqrt{x}-3< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-4< 0\\\sqrt{x}-3>0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)\(< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>16\\x< 9\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< 16\\x>9\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)\(< =>9< x< 16\)
c, \(=>2Q=\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{x}-3}=1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\in Z\)
\(< =>\sqrt{x}-3\inƯ\left(1\right)=\left\{\pm1\right\}\)\(=>x\in\left\{16;4\right\}\)(loại 4)
=>x=16
a) \(Q=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-2}-3\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}\)
Ta có \(x-5\sqrt{x}+6=\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\)
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\\sqrt{x}-3>0\\\sqrt{x}-2>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\x>9\\x>2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x>9\)
\(Q=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-3\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-4\right)-\left(x-2\sqrt{x}-3\right)-\left(3\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3-\sqrt{x}}\)
b) \(Q< -1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3-\sqrt{x}}< -1\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3-\sqrt{x}}+1< 0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4-\sqrt{x}}{3-\sqrt{x}}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4-\sqrt{x}>0\\3-\sqrt{x}< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4-\sqrt{x}< 0\\3-\sqrt{x}>0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< 16\\x>9\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>16\\x< 9\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow9< x< 16\)
Vậy để \(Q< -1\) thì \(S=\left\{x/9< x< 16\right\}\)
c) \(2Q\in Z\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{3-\sqrt{x}}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow3-\sqrt{x}\inƯ\left(2\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3-\sqrt{x}=2\\3-\sqrt{x}=-2\\3-\sqrt{x}=1\\3-\sqrt{x}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=25\\x=4\\x=16\end{matrix}\right.\)
Kết hợp với ĐKXĐ,ta có để \(2Q\in Z\) thì \(x\in\left\{16;25\right\}\)
a) ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\x\notin\left\{9;4\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(Q=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-3}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-4-x+2\sqrt{x}+2-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
c) Để 2Q là số nguyên thì \(-2⋮\sqrt{x}-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-3\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{4;2;5;1\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{16;25;1\right\}\)
Bài 4:
Cho biểu thức: \(M=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-9}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+1}{3-\sqrt{x}}\)
a) Tìm đkxđ của M và rút gọn
b) Tìm x \(\in Z\) để M \(\in Z\)
\(M=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-9}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+1}{3-\sqrt{x}}\left(\text{đ}k\text{x}\text{đ}:x\ge3\right)\\ =\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\\ =\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\dfrac{x-9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\\ =\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-9-\left(x-9\right)-\left(2x-4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-9-x+9-2x+4\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\\ =\dfrac{5\sqrt{x}-3x+2}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}\)
__
Để \(M\in Z\) thì \(x-5\sqrt{x}+6\) thuộc ước của \(5\sqrt{x}-3x+2\)
\(\Rightarrow x-5\sqrt{x}+6=-5\sqrt{x}-3x+2\\ \Leftrightarrow x-5\sqrt{x}+6+5\sqrt{x}+3x-2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4x-4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4x=4\\ \Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Cho biểu thức sau: \(P=\dfrac{x^2-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{2x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
1, Rút gọn P
2, Tính giá trị nhỏ nhất của P
3, Tìm \(x\in Z\) sao cho \(Q=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{P}\in Z\)
1: Ta có: \(P=\dfrac{x^2-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{2x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
\(=x-\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}-1+2\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(=x-\sqrt{x}+1\)
Cho P=\(\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+26\sqrt{x}-19}{x+2\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
a)Rút gọn P
b)Tính P tại x=7\(-\sqrt{3}\)
c)Tìm GTNN của P
d)Tìm x để P=7
e)Tìm \(x\in Z\)để \(P\in Z\)
f)Tính P tại x=\(17-12\sqrt{2}\)
g)Tìm x để P<\(\sqrt{x}\)
h)Tìm GTLN của P
a: \(=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+26\sqrt{x}-19-2x-6\sqrt{x}+x-4\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-x+16\sqrt{x}-16}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{x+16}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
b: Khi x=7-4căn 3 thì \(P=\dfrac{7-4\sqrt{3}+16}{2-\sqrt{3}+3}\simeq4.92\)
d: Để P=7 thì \(x+16=7\sqrt{x}+21\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-7\sqrt{x}-5=0\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{59+7\sqrt{69}}{2}\)
1. Cho \(x,y,z>0\) và \(x^3+y^2+z=2\sqrt{3}+1\). Tìm GTNN của biểu thức \(P=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\)
2. Cho \(a,b>0\). Tìm GTNN của biểu thức \(P=\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)
1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)
\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)
Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được
\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)
2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)
Dấu"=" khi a = 4b
nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được
\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)
nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)
khi đó a + b = 1
mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
cho P=\(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-x-3}{x-1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right):\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{8\sqrt{x}}{x-1}\right)\)
a.rút gọn P
b.tìm gtnn gtln của P
c.tìm x để P=8
d.tìm x\(\in\) Z để P\(\in\)Z
e. tính P tại x=\(10-2\sqrt{21}\)
f.tìm x để P>5
g.so sánh P vs 4
a: \(P=\dfrac{-x+\sqrt{x}-3-\sqrt{x}-1}{x-1}:\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1-x+2\sqrt{x}-1-8\sqrt{x}}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{-x-4}{x-1}\cdot\dfrac{x-1}{-4\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+4}{4\sqrt{x}}\)
c: Để P=8 thì \(x+4=32\sqrt{x}\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\left(16+6\sqrt{7}\right)^2\\x=\left(16-6\sqrt{7}\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
e: Khi x=10-2 căn 21 thì \(P=\dfrac{10-2\sqrt{21}+4}{4\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}\right)}=\dfrac{14-2\sqrt{21}}{4\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{7}\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}\right)}{4\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{7}}{2}\)
1. Cho \(x,y,z>0\), \(x+y\le1\) và \(xyz=1\). Tìm GTLN của biểu thức \(P=\dfrac{1}{1+4x^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+4y^2}-\sqrt{z+1}\)
2. Cho \(x,y,z>0\), \(xyz=x+y+z\). Tìm GTNN của biểu thức \(P=xy+yz+zx-\sqrt{1+x^2}-\sqrt{1+y^2}-\sqrt{1+z^2}\) (dùng phương pháp lượng giác hóa)
cho Q=\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}-\dfrac{1}{2-\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{x-4}\)
a) tìm ĐKXĐ của Q
b) rút gọn Q
c) tính giá trị của Q khi x= 9
d)tìm x khi Q = 1
e) tìm GTLN của Q
f) tìm \(x\in Z\) để Q \(\in Z\)
b, Ta có :
\(Q=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{x-4}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{x-4}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{x-4}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-4+\sqrt{x}+2+2\sqrt{x}}{x-4}=\dfrac{5\sqrt{x}-2}{x-4}\)
c , \(Q=\dfrac{5\sqrt{x}-2}{x-4}=\dfrac{5\sqrt{9}-2}{9-4}=\dfrac{13}{5}\)
a: ĐKXĐ: x>=0; x<>4
b: \(Q=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{x-4}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-4+\sqrt{x}+2+2\sqrt{x}}{x-4}\)
\(=\dfrac{5\sqrt{x}-2}{x-4}\)
c: Khi x=9 thì \(Q=\dfrac{5\cdot3-2}{9-4}=\dfrac{13}{5}\)
d: Khi Q=1 thi \(x-4=5\sqrt{x}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-5\sqrt{x}-2=0\)
hay \(x=\left(\dfrac{5+\sqrt{33}}{2}\right)^2\)