1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có

 \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)

\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)

\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)

Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được

\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)

2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)

Dấu"=" khi a = 4b

nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)

Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được

\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)

nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)

khi đó a + b = 1

mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(A\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(A_{min}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5}{16}\left(2x+y\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{16}.3}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = 1; y = 2.

\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)

\(M=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5\left(2x+y\right)}{16}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9\left(2x+y\right)}{16\left(2x+y\right)}}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)

Ta có: \(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\right)+\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\)

Có: \(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\dfrac{3}{2x+y}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> \(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)

Có: \(\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\ge\dfrac{5}{8}\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{5}{4}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> 2x=y và xy=2

\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> x=1, y=2

Vậy GTNN của M là 11/4 <=> x=1;y=2

Ta có:

\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xx}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\right)+\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\)

Có: \(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\dfrac{3}{2x+y}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)

Có: \(\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\ge\dfrac{5}{8}\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{5}{4}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow2x=y,xy=2\)

\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)

Vậy GTNN của M là \(\dfrac{11}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)

Ta có: \(Q=\dfrac{2}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{3}{xy}=\dfrac{2}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{6}{2xy}=\dfrac{2}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{2}{2xy}+\dfrac{4}{2xy}\)

Áp dụng BĐT phụ: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{4}{x^2+2xy+y^2}\right)=2\left[\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\right]=2.\dfrac{4}{4}=2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=1

Áp dụng BĐT phụ: \(ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow xy\le\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}=\dfrac{2^2}{4}=1\)

Dấu"=" xảy ra khi x=y=1

\(\Rightarrow2xy\le2.1=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{2}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow Q=\dfrac{2}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{2}{2xy}+\dfrac{4}{2xy}=\dfrac{2}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{3}{xy}\ge2+2=4\)

Dấu"=" xảy ra khi x=y=1