1) \(P=\dfrac{5-3\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}\left(đk:x\ge0,x\ne1\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{-3\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}=-3+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\in Z\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{-2;-1;1;2\right\}\)

Do \(x\ge0,x\ne1\) và x là số chính phương

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;4;9\right\}\)

2) \(3x^2-5x+1=3\left(x^2-\dfrac{5}{3}x+\dfrac{25}{36}\right)-\dfrac{13}{12}=3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2-\dfrac{13}{12}\ge-\dfrac{13}{12}\)

\(\Rightarrow C=\dfrac{2022}{3x^2-5x+1}\le2022:\left(-\dfrac{13}{12}\right)=-\dfrac{24264}{13}\)

\(minC=-\dfrac{24624}{13}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{6}\)

Áp dụng BĐT cosi:

\(A=\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}+2\sqrt{x+3}-2x\\ A\le\dfrac{2x+1+x+2}{2}+\dfrac{4+x+3}{2}-2x\\ A\le\dfrac{3x+3}{2}+\dfrac{x+7}{2}-2x=\dfrac{3x+3+x+7-4x}{2}=5\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=x+2\\4=x+3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

\(P=\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(2x+1\right)}+2\sqrt{x+3}-2x\)

\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+2+2x+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(4+x+3\right)-2x=5\)

\(P_{max}=5\) khi \(x=1\)

\(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x-9}}{5x}\left(ĐKx\ge9\right)\)

A'=\(\dfrac{\dfrac{5x}{2\sqrt{x-9}}-5\sqrt{x-9}}{\left(5x^2\right)}\)

\(A'=0\rightarrow5x=10\left(x-9\right)\)

            \(\rightarrow x=18\)

\(MaxA=\dfrac{1}{30}\) khi \(x=18\)

\(A=\dfrac{2.3\sqrt{x-9}}{30x}\le\dfrac{3^2+x-9}{30x}=\dfrac{1}{30}\)

\(A_{max}=\dfrac{1}{30}\) khi \(\sqrt{x-9}=3\Leftrightarrow x=18\)

\(5x^2+2xy+2y^2-\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)=\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow5x^2+2xy+2y^2\ge4x^2+4xy+y^2=\left(2x+y\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2x+y}+\dfrac{1}{2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{2z+x}=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{9}{x+x+y}+\dfrac{9}{y+y+z}+\dfrac{9}{z+z+x}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=1\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)

\(\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}=\sqrt{4x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2+y^2}\ge\sqrt{4x^2+2xy+y^2+2xy}=2x+y\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2x+y}=\dfrac{1}{x+x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)

Tương tự:

\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5y^2+2yz+2z^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5z^2+2zx+2x^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\)

Cộng vế:

\(P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}\right)=1\)

\(P_{max}=1\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)

Lời giải:

ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 0$

Với $x\geq 0$ thì $-3\sqrt{x}\leq 0; \sqrt{x}+1>0$. Do đó: $A=\frac{-3\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\leq 0$

Vậy $A_{\max}=0$. Giá trị này xác định tại $x=0$