Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{6}.27=4,5\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,2}=1,25\left(M\right)\)

c, \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{12}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{12}.342=28,5\left(g\right)\)

n_H2 = 6.72 / 22.4 = 0.3 (mol) 

Mg + H₂SO₄ => MgSO₄ + H₂

0.3.......0.3.............0.3........0.3

m_Mg = 0.3 * 24 = 7.2 (g) 

m_H2SO4 = 0.3 * 98 = 29.4 (g) 

m_ddH2SO4  = 29.4 * 100 / 19.6 = 150 (g) 

m_MgSO4 = 0.3 * 120 = 36 (g) 

\(a) n_{Al} = \dfrac{7,5.36\%}{27} = 0,1(mol)\\ n_{Mg} = \dfrac{7,5-0,1.27}{24} = 0,2(mol)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{AlCl_3} = n_{Al}= 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3} = 0,1.133,5 = 13,35(gam)\\ n_{MgCl_2}= n_{Mg} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2} = 0,2.95 = 19(gam)\\ b) n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} + n_{Mg} = 0,35(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,35.22,4 = 7,84(lít)\)

\(a,n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\left(1\right)\\ Theo.pt\left(1\right):n_{H_2}=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ m_{MgSO_4}=0,1.120=12\left(g\right)\\ b,PTHH:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\left(2\right)\\ Theo.pt\left(2\right):n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4\left(g\right)\)

a)\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

Mol:       x                                                     1,5x

PTHH: Mg + H₂SO₄ → MgSO₄ + H₂

Mol:      y                                                 y

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+24y=5,1\\1,5x+y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27.100\%}{5,1}=52,94\%;\%m_{Mg}=100-52,94=47,06\%\)

b) 

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

Mol:      0,1      0,15                  0,05                            

PTHH: Mg + H₂SO₄ → MgSO₄ + H₂

Mol:     0,1       0,1                 0,1

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0,1+0,15\right).98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\)

m_{dd sau pứ} = 5,1+250-0,15.2 = 254,8(g)

\(C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342.100\%}{254,8}=6,71\%\)

\(C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120.100\%}{254,8}=4,71\%\)

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

a) Pt : \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2|\)

            1            1               1            1

         0,05                                      0,05

b) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Mg}=0,05.24=1,2\left(g\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

Đáp án D

Số mol H₂ thu được là : n H 2 = 11 , 2 22 , 4 = 0 , 5   mol  

Gọi M là kim loại chung cho Al và Mg với hóa trị n

Sơ dồ phản ứng :

M ⏟ 10 , 2   gam + H 2 S O 4 ( l o ã n g , d ư )   → M 2 ( S O ₄ ) n ⏟ m u ố i + H 2 ↑ ⏟ 0 , 5   m o l

Bảo toàn nguyên tố ta có

\(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0.3\) (mol)

Sau khi cô cạn dd ta được : ion kim loại : 11,3g và SO₄^2- 0.3 mol

⇒ m = 30.5 g

\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=5,1\\1,5a+b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,1}{5,1}.100\approx52,941\%\\\%m_{Mg}\approx47,059\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{Al,Mg}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=5,1+250-0,25.2=254,6\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342}{254,6}.100\approx6,716\%\\ C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{254,6}.100\approx4,713\%\)