\(BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\)

\(x----x------x\)

\(n_{BaCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=0,125.0,4=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

Vậy H2SO4 phản ứng hết

\(\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,05.233=11,65\left(g\right)\)

Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2

0,1---0,2-----0,1-----0,1

n Mg=0,1 mol

=>VH2=0,1.22,4=2,24l

C% HCl dư=\(\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{100}100\)=7,3%

=>C%MgCl2=\(\dfrac{0,1.95}{2,4+100-0,1.2}100=9,29\%\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1mol\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

0,1  <    0,4                               ( mol )

0,1         0,2           0,1          0,1      ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)

\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{100}.100\%=7,3\%\)

\(C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.95}{2,4+100-0,1.2}.100\%=9,29\%\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\) 
           0,1        0,2          0,1        0,1 
\(V_{H_2\left(\text{đ}ktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(L\right)\\ V_{\text{đ}kt}=0,1.24=2,4l\\ V_{H_2\left(\text{đ}kc\right)}=0,1.24,79=2,479l\)
\(m_{\text{dd}}=2,4+100-0,2=102,2\left(g\right)\\ m_{MgCl_2}=95.0,1=9,5g\\ C\%=\dfrac{9,5}{102,2}.100\%=9,3\%\)
\(C\%_{HCl\left(d\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{100}.100=7,3\%\)

Câu b là H₂SO₄ loãng hay đặc vậy bn

\(Fe_2O_3 + 6HCl \rightarrow 2FeCl_3 + 3H_2O\)

\(CuO + 2HCl \rightarrow CuCl_2 + H_2O\)

\(NaOH + HCl \rightarrow NaCl + H_2O\)

\(n_{NaOH} = 0,2 . 1 = 0,2 mol\)

\(n_{HCl dư} = n_{NaOH}= 0,2 mol\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl pư}= n_{HCl ban đầu} - n_{HCl dư}= 1,4- 0,2 = 1,2 mol\)

Gọi n_{\(Fe_2O_3\)} và n_\(CuO\) là x, y

\(\begin{cases} 160x + 80y=40\\ 6x + 2y= 1,2 \end{cases} \)

\(\begin{cases} x=0,1\\ y=0,3 \end{cases} \)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}= 0,1 . 160= 16g\)

\(m_{CuO} = 0,3 . 80=24g\)

Tóm tắt

\(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=8,96l\\ C_{\%H_2SO_4}=19,6\%\\ a)m_{Zn}=?\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=?\\ b)C_{\%ZnSO_4}=?\)

\(a)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4mol\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)

0,4        0,4              0,4           0,4

\(m_{Zn}=0,4.65=26g\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,4.98}{19,6}\cdot100=200g\\ b)C_{\%ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,4.161}{26+200-0,4.2}\cdot100=28,6\%\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

 0,4    0,4             0,4        0,4

\(a,m_{Zn}=0,4.65=26\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4.98=39,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{39,2.100}{19,6}=200\left(g\right)\)

\(b,m_{ZnSO_4}=0,4.161=64,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddZnSO_4}=200+26-\left(0,4.2\right)=225,2\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{64,4}{225,2}.100\%\simeq28,6\%\)

\(a,n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2\cdot0,2=0,04\left(mol\right);n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\cdot0,1=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Na_2SO_4+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow2NaOH+BaSO_4\downarrow\\ TL:....1.....1......2......1\left(mol\right)\\ BR:.......0,02.....0,02......0,04......0,02\left(mol\right)\)

Vì \(\dfrac{n_{Na_2SO_4}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}{1}\) nên \(Na_2SO_4\) dư, \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2\) hết

\(b,C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,2+0,2}=0,1M\)