So sánh \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}\) và \(19\)
so sánh \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}\)với 10
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}>\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}\)
(100 số số hạng)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}>\dfrac{100}{\sqrt{100}}=\dfrac{100}{10}=10\)
So sánh A và B biết :
\(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{120}+\sqrt{121}}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}}\)
Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{120}+\sqrt{121}}\)
\(=-1+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-...-\sqrt{120}+11\)
=10
Ta có: \(B=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}+...+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{35}+\sqrt{35}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< 2\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}+\sqrt{36}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< 2\cdot\left(-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-...-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{36}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< 2\cdot\left(-\dfrac{1}{1}+\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< -\dfrac{5}{3}< 10=A\)
So sánh:
a) \(4\sqrt{7}\) và \(3\sqrt{13}\)
b) \(3\sqrt{12}\) và \(2\sqrt{16}\)
c) \(\dfrac{1}{4}\sqrt{84}\) và \(6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{7}}\)
d) \(3\sqrt{12}\) và \(2\sqrt{16}\)
e) \(\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{17}{2}}\) và \(\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{19}\)
a: \(4\sqrt{7}=\sqrt{4^2\cdot7}=\sqrt{112}\)
\(3\sqrt{13}=\sqrt{3^2\cdot13}=\sqrt{117}\)
mà 112<117
nên \(4\sqrt{7}< 3\sqrt{13}\)
b: \(3\sqrt{12}=\sqrt{3^2\cdot12}=\sqrt{108}\)
\(2\sqrt{16}=\sqrt{16\cdot2^2}=\sqrt{64}\)
mà 108>64
nên \(3\sqrt{12}>2\sqrt{16}\)
c: \(\dfrac{1}{4}\sqrt{84}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{16}\cdot84}=\sqrt{\dfrac{21}{4}}\)
\(6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{7}}=\sqrt{36\cdot\dfrac{1}{7}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{36}{7}}\)
mà \(\dfrac{21}{4}>\dfrac{36}{7}\)
nên \(\dfrac{1}{4}\sqrt{84}>6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{7}}\)
d: \(3\sqrt{12}=\sqrt{3^2\cdot12}=\sqrt{108}\)
\(2\sqrt{16}=\sqrt{16\cdot2^2}=\sqrt{64}\)
mà 108>64
nên \(3\sqrt{12}>2\sqrt{16}\)
So sánh:
1) \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) và \(\dfrac{1}{1+2\sqrt{2}}\)
2)\(\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2025}\) và \(\sqrt{2026}+\sqrt{2024}\)
1) Ta thấy:
\(4=1+3=1+\sqrt{9}\)
\(1+2\sqrt{2}=1+\sqrt{2^2\cdot2}=1+\sqrt{8}\)
Mà: \(\sqrt{8}< \sqrt{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\sqrt{8}< 1+\sqrt{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{8}}>\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{9}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{1+2\sqrt{2}}>\dfrac{1}{4}\)
2) Ta thấy:
\(2018< 2024\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2018}< \sqrt{2024}\) (1)
\(2025< 2026\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2025}< \sqrt{2026}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có:
\(\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2025}< \sqrt{2024}+\sqrt{2026}\)
Cho P= \(\dfrac{1-5\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)và Q= \((\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{3x+4}{x-4}).(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2}+1)\)
a) Rút gọn Q
b) Gọi M=P.Q. so sánh M và \(\sqrt{M}\)
a: ĐKXĐ: x>=0; x<>4
\(Q=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)+2\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)-3x-4}{x-4}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2+2}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+2x+4\sqrt{x}-3x-4}{x-4}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-4}{x-4}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
b: \(M=P\cdot Q=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+2}\cdot\dfrac{1-5\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(1-5\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(M\left(M-1\right)=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(1-5\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-5x-x-3\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(1-5\sqrt{x}\right)\left(-6x-2\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(5\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(6x+2\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}\)
TH1: M>=căn M
=>M^2>=M
=>M^2-M>=0
=>5*căn x-1>=0
=>x>=1/25 và x<>4
TH2: M<căn M
=>5căn x-1<0
=>x<1/25
Kết hợp ĐKXĐ, ta được: 0<=x<1/25
Cho biểu thức:
E = (\(\dfrac{1}{x+\sqrt{x}}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)) : \(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
a) Rút gọn E
b) Tính giá trị E khi x = 19 - \(8\sqrt{3}\)
c) tìm x để E = -1
d) Tìm x để E = \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
e) Tìm x để E > 0
f) So sánh E với \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
g) Tìm x \(\in\) Z để \(\dfrac{1}{E}\)\(\in\) Z
h) Với x > 4. So sánh: E và \(\sqrt{E}\)
\(a,ĐK:x>0;x\ne4\\ E=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2\sqrt{x}}\\ b,x=19-8\sqrt{3}=\left(4-\sqrt{3}\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow E=\dfrac{4-\sqrt{3}-2}{2\left(4-\sqrt{3}\right)}=\dfrac{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(4+\sqrt{3}\right)}{26}=\dfrac{5-2\sqrt{3}}{26}\\ c,E=-1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2=-2\sqrt{x}\\ \Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x}=2\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{9}\left(tm\right)\\ d,E=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2}=1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=4\Leftrightarrow x=16\left(tm\right)\)
\(e,E>0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2>0\left(2\sqrt{x}>0\right)\Leftrightarrow x>4\\ f,E=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}< 0\right)\\ g,\dfrac{1}{E}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)+4}{\sqrt{x}-2}\in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2\inƯ\left(4\right)=\left\{-1;0;1;2;4\right\}\left(\sqrt{x}-2>-2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{1;2;3;4;6\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{1;9;16;36\right\}\left(x\ne4\right)\\ h,x>4\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2>0\\ \Leftrightarrow E=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2\sqrt{x}}>0\Leftrightarrow E\ge\sqrt{E}\)
a, tính GT của đa thức \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x^4-3x+1\right)^{2016}\) tại \(x=9-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{4}-\sqrt{5}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{4}+\sqrt{5}}}\)
b, so sánh \(\sqrt{2017^2-1}-\sqrt{2016^2-1}và\dfrac{2.2016}{\sqrt{2017^2-1}-\sqrt{2016^2-1}}\)
c, tính GTBT: \(sinx.cosx+\dfrac{sin^2x}{1+cotx}+\dfrac{cos^2x}{1+tanx}\)
d, biết \(\sqrt{5}\) là số hữu tỉ, hãy tìm các số nguyên a,b tm::
\(\dfrac{2}{a+b\sqrt{5}}-\dfrac{3}{a-b\sqrt{5}}=-9-20\sqrt{5}\)
a.
\(x=9-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{9-4\sqrt{5}}{4}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{9+4\sqrt{5}}{4}}}\\ x=9-\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-2}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+2}{2}}\\ x=9-\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}-2}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}+2}\right)=9-8=1\\ \Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=f\left(1\right)=\left(1-1+1\right)^{2016}=1\)
c.
\(=\sin x\cdot\cos x+\dfrac{\sin^2x}{1+\dfrac{\cos x}{\sin x}}+\dfrac{\cos^2x}{1+\dfrac{\sin x}{\cos x}}\\ =\sin x\cdot\cos x+\dfrac{\sin^2x}{\dfrac{\sin x+\cos x}{\sin x}}+\dfrac{\cos^2x}{\dfrac{\sin x+\cos x}{\cos x}}\\ =\sin x\cdot\cos x+\dfrac{\sin^3x}{\sin x+\cos x}+\dfrac{\cos^3x}{\sin x+\cos x}\\ =\sin x\cdot\cos x+\dfrac{\left(\sin x+\cos x\right)\left(\sin^2x-\sin x\cdot\cos x+\cos^2x\right)}{\sin x+\cos x}\\ =\sin x\cdot\cos x-\sin x\cdot\cos x+\sin^2x+\cos^2x\\ =1\)
d.
\(\dfrac{2}{a+b\sqrt{5}}-\dfrac{3}{a-b\sqrt{5}}=-9-20\sqrt{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-a-5b\sqrt{5}}{\left(a+b\sqrt{5}\right)\left(a-b\sqrt{5}\right)}=-9-20\sqrt{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+5b\sqrt{5}}{a^2-5b^2}=9+20\sqrt{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(9+20\sqrt{5}\right)\left(a^2-5b^2\right)=a+5b\sqrt{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(a^2-5b^2\right)+\sqrt{5}\left(20a^2-100b^2\right)-5b\sqrt{5}=a\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5}\left(20a^2-100b^2-5b\right)=9a^2-45b^2+a\)
Vì \(\sqrt{5}\) vô tỉ nên để \(\sqrt{5}\left(20a^2-100b^2-5b\right)\) nguyên thì
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}20a^2-100b^2-5b=0\\9a^2-45b^2+a=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}180a^2-900b^2-45b=0\\180a^2-900b^2+20a=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow20a+45b=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4a+9b=0\Leftrightarrow a=-\dfrac{9}{4}b\\ \Leftrightarrow9a^2-45b^2+a=\dfrac{729}{16}b^2-45b^2-\dfrac{9}{4}b=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{9}{16}b^2-\dfrac{9}{4}b=0\\ \Leftrightarrow b\left(\dfrac{9}{16}b-\dfrac{9}{4}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}b=0\\b=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=0\\a=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(0;0\right)\left(loại\right)\)
Vậy \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(9;4\right)\)
So sánh các số sau: \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{11}}\) và \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Lời giải:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{7}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{11}}> \frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{9}}=\frac{5}{6}>\frac{4}{6}=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(A=\dfrac{-3\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\) và \(B=\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}+\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{3-\sqrt{x}}\) \(\left(x\ge0;x\ne4;x\ne9\right)\). Với \(x>9\), so sánh \(\dfrac{A}{B}\) và 1.