`a)`

`x-15 = -21`

`<=> x = -21 + 15`

`<=> x = -6`

`b)`

`42 - x = -7`

`<=> x = 42 - (-7)`

`<=> x = 42 + 7`

`<=> x = 49`

`c)`

`12 - (30-x) = -23`

`30-x = 12 - (-23)`

`30-x = 35`

`x = 30-35`

`x = -5`

`d)`

`31 - (17+x)=18`

`<=> 17+x = 31-18`

`<=> 17+x =13`

`<=> x = 13-17`

`<=> x = -4`

a) Ta có: 12-5x=37

\(\Leftrightarrow5x=-25\)

hay x=-5

Vậy: x=-5

b) Ta có: 7-3|x-2|=-11

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left|x-2\right|=18\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-2\right|=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=6\\x-2=-6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(x\in\left\{8;-4\right\}\)

c) Ta có: \(x+\dfrac{2}{8}=-\dfrac{15}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-15}{4}-\dfrac{2}{8}=\dfrac{-15}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}\)

hay x=-4

Vậy: x=-4

a, \(\Leftrightarrow5x=12-37=-25\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{25}{5}=-5\)

Vậy ...

b, \(\Leftrightarrow3\left|x-2\right|=7+11=18\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-2\right|=\dfrac{18}{3}=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=6\\x-2=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ...

c, \(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{15}{4}-\dfrac{2}{8}=-4\)

Vậy ..

a)-5; b)8 hoặc -4;c)-4 nhé. Bn tham khảo nhé

1.Tính nhanh nếu có thể:
a) 22 + 23 + 89 + 77
= ( 77 + 23 ) + 22 + 89
= 100 + 22 + 89
= 122 + 89
= 211
b) 35 . 15 + 15 . 65
= 15 . ( 35 + 65 )
= 15 . 100
= 1500
c) 7^2 - 36 : 3^2
=  7^2 - 36 : 9
= 7^2 - 4
= 49 - 4
= 45
d) 476 - {5 . [409 - (8 . 3 - 21)2] - 1724}
= 476 - {5 . [409 - (24 - 21)^2] - 1724}
= 476 - {5 . [409 - (3^2)] -  1724}
= 476 - {5 . [409 - 9 ] - 1724}
= 476 - {5. 400 - 1724}
= 476 - {2000 - 1724}
= 476 - 276
= 200

2. Tìm x, biết:

a) x + 37 = 50

x = 50 - 37

x = 13

b) 2x - 3 = 11

2x = 11 + 3

2x = 14

2x = 2 . 7

Bài 7:

a)(x-15)-75=0

⇔x-15=75

⇔x=90

b)575-(6x+70)=445

⇔6x+70=130

⇔6x=60

⇔x=10

c)x-105:21=15

⇔x-5=15

⇔x=20

d)(x-105):21=15

⇔x-105=315

⇔x=420

Bài 10:

a: 2x-3 là bội của x+1

=>\(2x-3⋮x+1\)

=>\(2x+2-5⋮x+1\)

=>\(-5⋮x+1\)

=>\(x+1\in\left\{1;-1;5;-5\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{0;-2;4;-6\right\}\)

b: x-2 là ước của 3x-2

=>\(3x-2⋮x-2\)

=>\(3x-6+4⋮x-2\)

=>\(4⋮x-2\)

=>\(x-2\inƯ\left(4\right)\)

=>\(x-2\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{3;1;4;0;6;-2\right\}\)

Bài 14:

a: \(4n-5⋮2n-1\)

=>\(4n-2-3⋮2n-1\)

=>\(-3⋮2n-1\)

=>\(2n-1\inƯ\left(-3\right)\)

=>\(2n-1\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3\right\}\)

=>\(2n\in\left\{2;0;4;-2\right\}\)

=>\(n\in\left\{1;0;2;-1\right\}\)

mà n>=0

nên \(n\in\left\{1;0;2\right\}\)

b: \(n^2+3n+1⋮n+1\)

=>\(n^2+n+2n+2-1⋮n+1\)

=>\(n\left(n+1\right)+2\left(n+1\right)-1⋮n+1\)

=>\(-1⋮n+1\)

=>\(n+1\in\left\{1;-1\right\}\)

=>\(n\in\left\{0;-2\right\}\)

mà n là số tự nhiên

nên n=0

Bài 16:

a: \(\left(x+5\right)\left(y-3\right)=15\)

=>\(\left(x+5\right)\left(y-3\right)=1\cdot15=15\cdot1=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-15\right)=\left(-15\right)\cdot\left(-1\right)=3\cdot5=5\cdot3=\left(-3\right)\cdot\left(-5\right)=\left(-5\right)\cdot\left(-3\right)\)

=>\(\left(x+5;y-3\right)\in\left\{\left(1;15\right);\left(15;1\right);\left(-1;-15\right);\left(-15;-1\right);\left(3;5\right);\left(5;3\right);\left(-3;-5\right);\left(-5;-3\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(-4;18\right);\left(10;4\right);\left(-6;-12\right);\left(-20;2\right);\left(-2;8\right);\left(0;6\right);\left(-8;-2\right);\left(-10;0\right)\right\}\)

mà (x,y) là cặp số tự nhiên

nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(10;4\right);\left(0;6\right)\right\}\)

b: x là số tự nhiên

=>2x-1 lẻ và 2x-1>=-1

\(\left(2x-1\right)\left(y+2\right)=24\)

mà 2x-1>=-1 và 2x-1 lẻ

nên \(\left(2x-1\right)\cdot\left(y+2\right)=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-24\right)=1\cdot24=3\cdot8\)

=>\(\left(2x-1;y+2\right)\in\left\{\left(-1;-24\right);\left(1;24\right);\left(3;8\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(2x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;-26\right);\left(2;22\right);\left(4;6\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;-26\right);\left(1;11\right);\left(2;6\right)\right\}\)

mà (x,y) là cặp số tự nhiên

nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;11\right);\left(2;6\right)\right\}\)

c:

x,y là các số tự nhiên

=>x+3>=3 và y+2>=2

xy+2x+3y=0

=>\(xy+2x+3y+6=6\)

=>\(x\left(y+2\right)+3\left(y+2\right)=6\)

=>\(\left(x+3\right)\left(y+2\right)=6\)

mà x+3>=3 và y+2>=2

nên \(\left(x+3\right)\cdot\left(y+2\right)=3\cdot2\)

=>x=0 và y=0

d: xy+x+y=30

=>\(xy+x+y+1=31\)

=>\(x\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)=31\)

=>\(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)=31\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(y+1\right)=1\cdot31=31\cdot1=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-31\right)=\left(-31\right)\cdot\left(-1\right)\)

=>\(\left(x+1;y+1\right)\in\left\{\left(1;31\right);\left(31;1\right);\left(-1;-31\right);\left(-31;-1\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;30\right);\left(30;0\right);\left(-2;-32\right);\left(-32;-2\right)\right\}\)

mà (x,y) là cặp số tự nhiên

nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;30\right);\left(30;0\right)\right\}\)

a: =>x/-3=3

hay x=-9

b: =>x/9=-1/9

hay x=-1

c: =>x+1/5=-1/3

hay x=-8/15

d: =>-7/x=-7/9

hay x=9

a, \(\dfrac{x}{-3}=3\Leftrightarrow x=-9\)

b, \(\dfrac{x}{9}=-\dfrac{1}{9}\Rightarrow x=-1\)

c, \(\dfrac{x+3}{15}=-\dfrac{6}{15}\Rightarrow x=-9\)

d, \(\dfrac{42}{-54}=-\dfrac{42}{6x}\Rightarrow6x=54\Leftrightarrow x=9\)

Bài 13: 

a: =>20-x=15-8+13=20

hay x=0

❤                                              ✔

a) Tìm số nguyên x, biết:

Với \(x\in Z\), ta có:

9 - x = 8 - (2x + 16)

<=> 9 - x = 8 - 2x - 16 

<=> 9 - x = -2x - 8

<=> x  = -17 (TM)

Vậy x = -17

b) Với \(x\in Z\), ta có:

18 - 2x = 21 - (3x - 5)

<=> 18 - 2x = 21 - 3x + 5

<=> 18 - 2x = 26 - 3x

<=> x = 8 (TM)

Vậy x = 8

a) Ta có: 9-x=8-(2x+16)

\(\Leftrightarrow9-x=8-2x-16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9-x=-2x-8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9-x+2x+8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+17=0\)

hay x=-17

Vậy: x=-17

b) Ta có: 18-2x=21-(3x-5)

\(\Leftrightarrow18-2x=21-3x+5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow18-2x+3x-26=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-8=0\)

hay x=8

Vậy: x=8