a, \(n_{NaOH}=0,02.1,5=0,03\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=0,03.2=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O

Mol:      0,03     0,03       0,03

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,03}{1}< \dfrac{0,06}{1}\) ⇒ NaOH hết, HCl dư

\(m_{NaCl}=0,03.58,5=1,755\left(g\right)\)

b, m_{dd sau pứ} = 0,02 + 0,03 = 0,05 (l)

\(C_{M_{ddNaCl}}=\dfrac{0,03}{0,05}=0,6M\)

\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{\left(0,06-0,03\right)}{0,05}=0,6M\)

a. PT: NaOH + HCl ---> NaCl + H₂O

Đổi 20ml = 0,02 lít; 30ml = 0,03 lít

Ta có: \(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{n_{ct}}{V_{dd}}=\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{0,02}=1,5M\)

=> n_NaOH = 0,03(mol)

Ta có: \(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{n_{ct}}{V_{dd}}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{0,03}=2M\)

=> n_HCl = 0,06(mol)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,03}{1}< \dfrac{0,06}{1}\)

Vậy HCl dư

Theo PT: n_NaCl = n_NaOH = 0,03(mol)

=> m_NaCl = 0,03 . 58,5 = 1,755(g)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\cdot3=0,15mol\)

a) \(H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\)

     0,15         0,15         0,15            0,3

    \(m_{ctBaCl_2}=0,15\cdot208=31,5\left(g\right)\)

    \(m_{BaCl_2thamgia}=\dfrac{31,5}{20\%}\cdot100\%=157,5\left(g\right)\)

b) \(m_{BaSO_4}=0,15\cdot233=34,95\left(g\right)\)

c) \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CaSO_4+2H_2O\)

      0,15             0,15

    \(m_{ctCa\left(OH\right)_2}=0,15\cdot74=11,1\left(g\right)\)

    \(m_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{11,1}{25\%}\cdot100\%=44,4\left(g\right)\)

    \(\Rightarrow V_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{44,4}{1,15}=38,6\left(ml\right)\)

PTHH: \(2AgNO_3+CaCl_2\rightarrow Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\downarrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{1,7}{170}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AgCl}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\n_{CaCl_2}=n_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,005\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaCl_2}=0,005\cdot111=0,555\left(g\right)\\m_{AgCl}=0,01\cdot143,5=1,435\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,005}{0,07+0,03}=0,05\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

1////          nAl=0,4mol   

2Al     +      6HCl -----> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

0,4mol      1,2mol         0,4mol    0,6 mol

a/ V_H2=0,6.22,4=13,44 l

b/ V=1,2/2=0,6 l

C_AlCl3=0,4/0,6=2/3 M

a)

$AgNO_3 + HCl \to AgCl + H_2O$
$NaOH + HCl \to NaCl + H_2O$
$n_{AgCl} = n_{AgNO_3} = 0,05.2 = 0,1(mol)$
$n_{AgCl} = 0,1.143,5 = 14,35(gam)$

b) $n_{HCl\ dư} = n_{NaOH} = 0,1(mol) ; n_{HCl\ pư} = n_{AgNO_3} = 0,1(mol)$

$\Rightarrow n_{HCl\ đã\ dùng} = 0,2(mol)$

$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,2.36,5}{36,5}.100\% = 20\%$

\(a)Ba\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2NaOH+BaCO_3\\ n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.2=0,4mol\\ n_{BaCO_3}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,4mol\\ m_{BaCO_3}=0,4.171=68,4g\\ b)V_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,4}{1}=0,4l\\ c)n_{NaOH}=2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,8mol\\ C_{M\left(NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2+0,4}=\dfrac{4}{3}M\)

a)

$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$

Theo PTHH : 

$n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{Fe} = 0,15.56 = 8,4(gam)$

b)

$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = 0,15(mol)$
$C_{M_{H_2SO_4}} = \dfrac{0,15}{0,05} = 3M$

c)

$n_{FeSO_4} = n_{H_2} = 0,15(mol)$
$C_{M_{FeSO_4}} = \dfrac{0,15}{0,05} = 3M$

\(A/n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.2=0,2mol\\ n_{BaCl_2}=0,2.3=0,6mol\\ Na_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4+2NaCl\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{1}\Rightarrow BaCl_2.dư\\ Na_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4+2NaCl\)

0,2mol          0,2mol        0,2mol          0,4mol

\(m_{rắn}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,2.233=46,6g\\ B/C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,1+0,2}=\dfrac{4}{3}M\\ C_{M_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,6-0,2}{0,1+0,2}=\dfrac{4}{3}M\)

\(n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{BaCl_2}=0,2.3=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Na_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2NaCl\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{1}\rightarrow BaCl_2dư\\ n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2\left(p.ứ\right)}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{rắn}=m_{BaSO_4}=233.0,2=46,6\left(g\right)\)

b, Dung dịch sau phản ứng có: NaCl và BaCl₂ dư

\(n_{BaCl_2\left(dư\right)}=0,6-0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{NaCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\V_{ddsau}=0,1+0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddBaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,3}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(M\right);C_{MddNaCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,3}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(M\right)\)

\(a.Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\\ n_{NaCl}=n_{HCl}=2.n_{CO_2}=2.\dfrac{448:1000}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,02}=2\left(M\right)\\ b.m_{NaCl}=58,5.0,04=2,34\left(g\right)\\ c.m_{Na_2CO_3}=106.0,02=2,12\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{2,12}{5}.100=42,4\%\\ \%m_{NaCl}=100\%-42,4\%=57,6\%\)

Bài 16 : 

\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O|\)

            1              2                2           1         1

           0,02         0,04           0,04     0,02

a) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,02.2}{1}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

 20ml = 0,02l

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,02}=2\left(M\right)\)

b) \(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,02.2}{1}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{NaCl}=0,04.58,5=2,34\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{Na2CO3}=\dfrac{0,04.1}{2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

 ⇒ \(m_{Na2CO3}=0,02.106=2,12\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{NaCl}=5-2,12=2,88\left(g\right)\)

⁰/₀Na₂CO₃ = \(\dfrac{2,12.100}{5}=42,4\)⁰/₀

⁰/₀NaCl = \(\dfrac{2,88.100}{5}=57,6\)⁰/₀

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