\(Pt: Fe + 2HCl \rightarrow FeCl_2 + H_2\)

\(a.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo pt: \(nH_2 = nFe = 0,2 mol\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)

\(b.n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25.4g\)

\(c.n_{HCl}=2nFe=0,4mol\)

\(C_MHCl=\dfrac{0,4}{0,1}=4M\)

Bài 9 : 

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)

0,05--->0,1-------->0,05 

a) \(C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)

b) \(m_{CuCl2}=0,05.135=6,75\left(g\right)\)

c) \(C_{MCuCl2}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}0,5\left(M\right)\)

Câu 10 : 

\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{3,6}{72}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)

0,05-->0,1------->0,05

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{10\%}100\%=36,5\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=3,6+36,5=40,1\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,05.127}{40,1}.100\%=15,84\%\)

Câu 10 :

\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{3,6}{72}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)

0,05      0,1           0,05       0,05

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5.100}{10}=36,5\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05.127}{\left(3,6+36,5\right)}.100\%=15,84\%\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{AlCl_3}=133,5.0,1=13,35\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ c,n_{HCl}=\dfrac{6}{2}.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ c,C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\)

PTHH: \(K_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,224}{22,4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,02\left(mol\right)=n_{KCl}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,01}=2\left(M\right)\\m_{KCl}=0,02\cdot74,5=1,49\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 1

\(a,n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ CuO+2HCl\xrightarrow[]{}CuCl_2+H_2O\\ n_{CuCl_2}=n_{CuO}=0,2mol\\ m_{CuCl_2}=0,2.135=27\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(M\right)\)

Bài 5

\(a,n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2:2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\\ b,n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2:2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MNa_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2+0,4}=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(M\right)\\ c,m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2 : 

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

0,1           0,3                 0,1             0,3

\(m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.400=40\left(g\right)\)

\(b,V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(l\right)\)

\(c,C_{M\left(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,15}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(M\right)\)

Bài 3 :

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4.8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)

0,2       0,2              0,2          0,2

\(m_{MgSO_4}=0,2.120=24\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)

\(c,C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)

\(d,C_{M\left(MgSO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)

Bài 4 :

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

0,3       0,45              0,15          0,45

\(V_{H_2}=0,45.24,79=11,1555\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,45.98=44,1\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{44,1}{300}.100\%=14,7\%\)

\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,15.342=51,3\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd}=8,1+300-\left(0,45.2\right)=307,2\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{51,3}{307,2}.100\%\approx16,7\%\)

Bài 5 :

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,958}{24,79}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

0,2        0,4        0,2       0,2

\(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)

\(C_{M\left(FeCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)

Bài 6 : 

\(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1,8}{90}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+2H_2O\)

0,02             0,04       0,02          0,04

\(m_{HCl}=0,04.36,5=1,46\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{1,46}{200}.100\%=0,73\%\)

\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,02.127=2,54\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{2,54}{1,8+200}\approx1,259\%\)

Bài 7 : 

\(n_{NaOH}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

0,2           0,2          0,2          0,2

\(a,m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\)

\(b,C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\)

\(c,C_{M\left(NaCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1+0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)

a)\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{4,8}{10\%}.100\%=48\left(g\right)\)

b)\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:Mg+2HCl\xrightarrow[]{}MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,2\)

\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4.48\left(l\right)\)

c)\(m_{H_2}=0,2.2=0,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddMgCl_2}=4,8+48-0,4=52,4\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{19}{52,4}.100\%=36\%\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,16.5=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

LTL: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,8}{3}\rightarrow\)H₂SO₄ dư

Theo pt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{5}=0,04M\\C_{M\left(H_2SO_4.dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,8-0,3}{5}=0,1M\end{matrix}\right.\)