Exercise 1
Hãy xác định những mệnh đề quan hệ dưới đây là mệnh đề hạn định (Defining
clause) hay không hạn định (Non-defining clause).
1.This is the dress which I bought last week.
A. Defining clause B. Non-defining clause
2.The film that I saw yesterday was very interesting.
A. Defining clause B. Non-defining clause
3.Hanoi, which is one of the largest cities in Vietnam, is the capital of Vietnam.
A. Defining clause B. Non-defining clause
4.The girl who wore a blue dress attracted everybody's attention at the party.
A. Defining clause B. Non-defining clause
5.The old man who lives next door is an architect.
A. Defining clause B. Non-defining clause
6.This writer, who lives in this luxurious mansion, has just published her third
novel.
A. Defining clause B. Non-defining clause
7.The doctor who examined my stomach was very kind.
A. Defining clause B. Non-defining clause
8.Tra Giang, who has played the main role in a lot of war films, is a famous
Vietnamese actress.

A. Defining clause B. Non-defining clause
9.Taylor Swift, who is a well-known singer, is only twenty-four.
A. Defining clause B. Non-defining clause
10.That is the bee which stung me.
A. Defining clause B. Non-defining clause

 Rewrite the pairs of sentences as one sentence using a defining or non-defining relative clause. 

1 I work for a man. The man’s farm covers thousands of acres.

I work ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. The spacecraft is called Vostok 3KA. It took Yuri Gagarin into space.

The spacecraft ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. She likes her father’s career. Her father pursued this career all his life.

She likes …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. He admires the teacher. That teacher initiated building the school library.

He admires ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. My grandfather used to be an astronaut. He has been retired for ten years now.

My grandfather……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Students will have to make their own learning decisions. This will be hard for many of them.
Students …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

II) Put the correct word in the box to complete the sentences below

physical ; electronic; benefits; digital; motivate; personal; relative; technology; defining; applications; disruptive; mobile

1. The phrase "--------------natives" refers to people who are familiar with computers and the internet from an early age.

2. The internet will-------------students to study more effectively

3. Please don't ask him questions about his family. He hates answering-------------questions

4. Our students are very excited when they have opportunities to do----------------exercise

5. My son, who is a promising pianist, is now interested in composing--------------music

6. Many teacher have now understood the------------that mobile devices can bring

7. I'm looking for some new-----------to put on my smartphone to improve my English pronunciation

8. The ringing sound from mobile phones is------------and annoying in the classroom

9. People are now familiar with the term m-learning or----------------learning,which focuses on the use of personal electric devices

10. In the grammar part of this unit we study--------------clauses

11. That laptop, which has the latest------------------,is very expensive

12. Some of my classmates think that it is not easy to know which clause is----------------and which is non-defining

III) Use who, which, that or whose to complete each of the sentences

1. Vinh,-----------------is only two and a half, likes to play games on a tablet

2. My tablet,-------------is two years old, still works quite well

3. Personal electronic devices-------------distract students from their class work are banned in most schools

4. Students---------------have smartphones can use them to look up words in an electronic dictionary

5. Some scientists think that children-------------parents allow them to use electronic devices early will have more advantages in the future

6. The laptop-------------------cover is decorated with funny animals belongs to my aunt

* Combine two sentences into one. Use the sentence in brackets to make a non-defining relative clause.
1. The National Library opens every weekday. (The library is on the second floor).
The National Library, which is on the second floor, opens every weekday.
2. Developed countries are helping developing countries. (They are ahead in education and wealth.)
Developed countries, which are ahead in education and wealth, are helping developing countries.
3. Internationalisation has brought about both opportunities and challenges. (It started 15 years ago.)
Internationalsation, which started 15 years ago, has brought about both opportunities and challenges.
4. Smartphones will be used widely in school to support learning. (They help students to write scripts and make videos.)
Smartphones, which help students to write scripts and make videos, will be used widely in school to support learning.
5. Jack London wrote internationally famous novels like Call of the Wild and White Fang. (He is an American writer.)
Jack London, who is an American writer, wrote internationally famous novels like Call of the Wild and White Fang.
6. Have you ever heard about Captain James Cook? (He mapped a lot of places in the world, including Australia and New Zealand).
Have you ever heard about Captain James Cook, who mapped a lot of places in the world, including Australia and New Zealand?

IV. Fill in each gap with a suitable word provided. poet comedian playwright composers artists poet sculptor 1. Shakespeare is renowned as the English __________ and __________ whose body of works is considered the greatest in history of English literature. 2. Charlie Chaplin started his career as a __________ in vaudeville, which eventually took him to the United States in 1910 as a featured player with the Fred Karno Repertoire Company. 3. Trinh Cong Son’s music is often called “Nhac Trinh” . He is one of my favorite __________. 4. With The Tale of Kieu , Nguyen Du became a famous Vietnamese __________ in the early 20th century. 5. The Spanish painter, __________, and graphic artist Pablo Picasso was one of the most productive and  revolutionary  __________ in the history of Western painting.

V. Choose the best answer: 1. I can’t go to Berlin with you and your father can’t (either/ too). 2. I hardly skip breakfast and Jim (doesn’t skip breakfast either/ skips breakfast too). 3. We won’t go sailing tomorrow because of the storm and they (don’t/ won’t) either. 4. I want to be a famous actress in the future and my friemd Sarah (wants/ doesn’t want) it too. 5. They haven’t watched the movie yet and I (haven’t/ doesn’t have) either. 6. I will help my mom do the washing and my brother (will do it too/ don’t do it either) 7. My brother’s just got a new bike and I (have got a new bike too/ am got a new bike too). 8. For me, playing the piano is never easy and playing the guitar (is too/ isn’t either). 9. She is a warm-hearted person but her daughter (isn’t either/ isn’t). 10. Drinking alcohol is harmful to your body and eating fast food (is harmful too/ isn’t harmful either).

VI. Use the words given to write the comparisons with “as…as” or “the same…as”. movies hard tasty valuable origin fast long songs talent clothes 1. Can I borrow your ladder? My ladder isn’t ______________ yours. 2. Your cake is delicious. My cake isn’t ______________ yours. 3. None of Tom’s friends has ______________ him. 4. Both of us fancy rock music. She listens to ______________ me. 5. Jim likes ______________ Tom, and they often watch together. 6. Life nowadays isn’t ______________ it used to be. People now live more comfortably. 7. Her ring is not ______________ her necklace. 8. My cat has ______________ yours. They both come from Russia. 9. Kim bought ______________ her sister. They want to look like twins. 10. You should go home ______________ you can. Your mom is looking for you everywhere.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Thanksgiving is celebrated in the US on the fourth Thursday in November. For many Americans it is the most important holiday apart from Christmas. Schools, offices and most businesses close for Thanksgiving, and many people make the whole weekend a vacation.    

Thanksgiving is associated with the time when Europeans first came to North America. In 1620 the ship the Mayflowers arrived, bringing about 150 people who today are usually called Pilgrims. They arrived at the beginning of a very hard winter and could not find enough to eat, so many of them died. But in the following summer Native Americans showed them what foods were safe to eat, so that they could save food for the next winter. They held a big celebration to thank God and the Native Americans for the fact that they had survived.   

Today people celebrate Thanksgiving to remember these early days. The most important part of the celebration is a traditional dinner with foods that come from North America. The meal includes turkey, sweet potatoes (also called yams) and cranberries, which are made into a kind of sauce or jelly. The turkey is filled with stuffing or dressing, and many families have their own special recipe. Dessert is pumpkin made into a pie.    

On Thanksgiving there are special television programs and sports events. In New York there is the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, when a long line of people wearing fancy costumes march through the streets with large balloons in the shape of imaginary characters. Thanksgiving is considered the beginning of the Christmas period, and the next day many people go out to shop for Christmas presents.

Which of the following is NOT true?

A. In the US, Thanksgiving is not a national holiday; it's a religious holiday

B. Christmas comes less than a month after Thanksgiving

C. Thanksgiving was originally celebrated by the first Europeans in North America to thank God for their survival

D. The Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade is colorful and exciting

Replace the relative clause in each of the following sentences with a non-finite from of the verb.

1. At the station we were met by a man who was carrying a balck briefcase.

2. The next train that will arrive is from Edinburch

3. Anyone who did not hear that noise must have been stone deaf.

4. The castle, which was burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt.

5. Any driver who does not have a licence ought to be sent to prison right away.

6.The train which was standing at platform six is for Bristol.

7. Any article that is left on the bus will be taken to the Lost Property Office.

8. Everybody, who heard the noise, jumped up in alarm.

9. The last problem, which should be considered at out next meeting, is how to invest the money.

10. The best man who you can see for your eye trouble is Doctor Edwards.

11. We collided with a car which was driven by a young man without a license.

12. A car, which was coming unexpectededly out of a side street, crashed into us.

13. The first man who flew non-stop across the Atlantic was John Alcock.

14. The cheapest place where we can eat is the cafeteria.

15. He was accompanied by a porter who weighed at least 150 kilos.

I. Fill each of the blanks with ONE word to complete the following passage.

When you are travelling, (1)______-on business or for pleasure, you often need to stay in a hotel. The kind of hotel you choose probably is decided above all _______ (2) to how much money you want to spend. There are small hotels with very few services, where the prices are (4)______ or there are large hotels with all the very latest comforts, (4)________you could spend all the money you have in the bank for one very comfortable night. There are several different kinds of people who go to hotels. Some want to live, (5)______than just stay, in a hotel; the hotels which are designed to meet their needs are called residential hotels. However, most people who stay in hotels are either business people or tourists (5)______holiday.

In(7)______hotels, there are two kinds of rooms: (8) ____rooms, for the use of one person, and double rooms for the use of two people. In (9)_______, in large hotels, there are also suites, which include two or more rooms connected (10)______-perhaps a bedroom and a living room. These are for poeple who are very rich or very important.

Read the passage and choose the correct answer for each question from 23 to 27

Thanksgiving is celebrated in the US on the fourth Thursday in November. For many Americans it is the most important holiday apart from Christmas. Schools, offices and most businesses close for Thanksgiving, and many people make the whole weekend a vacation.

Thanksgiving is associated with the time when Europeans first came to North America. In 1620 the ship the Mayflowers arrived, bringing about 150 people who today are usually called Pilgrims. They arrived at the beginning of a very hard winter and could not find enough to eat, so many of them died. But in the following summer Native Americans showed them what foods were safe to eat, so that they could save food for the next winter. They held a big celebration to thank God and the Native Americans for the fact that they had survived.

Today people celebrate Thanksgiving to remember these early days.

The most important part of the celebration is a traditional dinner with foods that come from North America. The meal includes turkey, sweet potatoes (also called yams) and cranberries, which are made into a kind of sauce or jelly. The turkey is filled with stuffing or dressing, and many families have their own special recipe. Dessert is pumpkin made into a pie.

On Thanksgiving there are special television programs and sports events. In New York there is the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, when a long line of people wearing fancy costumes march through the streets with large balloons in the shape of imaginary characters. Thanksgiving is considered the beginning of the Christmas period, and the next day many people go out to shop for Christmas presents.

Which of the following is not true?

A. Thanksgiving was originally celebrated by the first, Europeans in North America to thank God for their survival.

B. Christmas comes less than a month after Thanksgiving.

C. In the US, Thanksgiving is not a national holiday; it's a religious holiday.

D. The Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade is colourful and exciting.

Exercise 2: Decide whether the clause in italics is Defining(D) or Non-defining (N). Write Dor N next to each sentence.

Question 1: The bus which leaves at 5. 30 doesn't stop at Cornwall...           ______

Question 2: The food which was left was eaten the following day.                 ______

Question 3: His room which was small was filled with piles of old books.   ______

Question 4: The bike which he wanted to buy was too expensive.                 ______

Question 5: These students who were late waited in the playground.                        ______

Question 6: The girl who was waiting was becoming impatient.                     ______

Question 7: Jane who was wearing a hat waited outside the room.                ______

Question 8: My dog which was lying on the sofa had long pointed ears.       ______

Question 9: Las Vegas, which is located in the State of Nevada,

 is well-known for its casinos and night clubs.                              ______

Question 10: My uncle, who works for a market research company,

is now on a tour of South-East Asian countries.                         ______