Lời giải:
a. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 0$

PT $\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{2x}-10\sqrt{2x}+5\sqrt{x}=-20$

$\Leftrightarrow 5\sqrt{x}-8\sqrt{2x}=-20$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}(5-8\sqrt{2})=-20$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}=\frac{20}{8\sqrt{2}-5}$

$\Rightarrow x=(\frac{20}{8\sqrt{2}-5})^2$

b. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 0$

PT $\Leftrightarrow 3\sqrt{5x}-5\sqrt{3x}+4\sqrt{x}=10$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}(3\sqrt{5}-5\sqrt{3}+4)=10$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}=\frac{10}{3\sqrt{5}-5\sqrt{3}+4}$

$\Rightarrow x=(\frac{10}{3\sqrt{5}-5\sqrt{3}+4})^2$

\(2\sqrt{3x}-3\sqrt{75x}-\dfrac{2}{5}\sqrt{300x}=2\sqrt{3x}-3\sqrt{25.3x}-\dfrac{2}{5}\sqrt{100.3x}=2\sqrt{3x}-3.\sqrt{25}.\sqrt{3x}-\dfrac{2}{5}.\sqrt{100}.\sqrt{3x}=2\sqrt{3x}-15\sqrt{3x}-4\sqrt{3x}=-17\sqrt{3x}\)

(\(x\ge0\))

\(2\sqrt{3x}-3\sqrt{75x}-\dfrac{2}{5}\sqrt{300x}\left(x\ge0\right)\)

\(=2\sqrt{3x}-15\sqrt{3x}-4\sqrt{3x}=-17\sqrt{3x}\)

\(A=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}=x-\sqrt{xy}+y\)

\(B=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}{x\sqrt{x}-y\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{1}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}\)

\(C=\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}+x\sqrt{x}}{3-\sqrt{3x}+x}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{3}\)

\(D=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{5x}+5}{x\sqrt{x}-5\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{5}}\)

a. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 0$

PT $\Leftrightarrow -5x-5\sqrt{x}+12\sqrt{x}+12=0$

$\Leftrightarrow -5\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}+1)+12(\sqrt{x}+1)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x}+1)(12-5\sqrt{x})=0$

Dễ thấy $\sqrt{x}+1>1$ với mọi $x\geq 0$ nên $12-5\sqrt{x}=0$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}=\frac{12}{5}$

$\Leftrightarrow x=5,76$ (thỏa mãn)

d. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 2$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{49}.\sqrt{x-2}-14\sqrt{\frac{1}{49}}\sqrt{x-2}=3\sqrt{x-2}+8$

$\Leftrightarrow 7\sqrt{x-2}-2\sqrt{x-2}=3\sqrt{x-2}+8$

$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x-2}=8$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-2}=4$

$\Leftrightarrow x=4^2+2=18$ (tm)

b. ĐKXĐ: $x^2\geq 5$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{3}\sqrt{4}.\sqrt{x^2-5}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{9}}\sqrt{x^2-5}-3\sqrt{x^2-5}=0$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{2}{3}\sqrt{x^2-5}+\frac{2}{3}\sqrt{x^2-5}-3\sqrt{x^2-5}=0$

$\Leftrightarrow -\frac{5}{3}\sqrt{x^2-5}=0$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x^2-5}=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=\pm \sqrt{5}$

\(A=\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}+2+3\sqrt{x}-6-5\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{5x\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{2\sqrt{x}+3}\left(x>0;x\ne4\right)\\ A=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{5x\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{2\sqrt{x}+3}\\ A=\dfrac{10x\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)

\(A=\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-2}+\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{5\sqrt{x}}{2x-3\sqrt{x}-2}\right):\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+3}{5x-10\sqrt{x}}\)

\(=\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}+2+3\sqrt{x}-6-5\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{5\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{2\sqrt{x}+3}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-4}{\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{5\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}+3}\)

b: Sửa đề: \(\sqrt{4x-20}+\sqrt{x-5}-\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\sqrt{9x-45}=4\)(1)

ĐKXĐ: \(x>=5\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x-5}-\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot3\sqrt{x-5}=4\)

=>\(2\sqrt{x-5}=4\)

=>\(\sqrt{x-5}=2\)

=>x-5=4

=>x=9(nhận)

c: ĐKXĐ: \(\dfrac{3x-2}{x+1}>=0\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>=\dfrac{2}{3}\\x< -1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{3x-2}{x+1}}=3\)

=>\(\dfrac{3x-2}{x+1}=9\)

=>9(x+1)=3x-2

=>9x+9=3x-2

=>6x=-11

=>\(x=-\dfrac{11}{6}\left(nhận\right)\)

d: ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-4>=0\\x+2>0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x>=\dfrac{4}{5}\)

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{5x-4}}{\sqrt{x+2}}=2\)

=>\(\sqrt{\dfrac{5x-4}{x+2}}=2\)

=>\(\dfrac{5x-4}{x+2}=4\)

=>5x-4=4x+8

=>x=12(nhận)

Bạn đăng từng câu 1 nhé

a: \(P=\dfrac{x-2+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)

b: \(=\dfrac{2\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+3\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)-5\sqrt{x}+7}{\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{5\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{2\sqrt{x}+3}\)

\(=\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}+2+3\sqrt{x}-6-5\sqrt{x}+7}{\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{5\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}+3}\)

\(=\dfrac{5\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(x=9-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{9-4\sqrt{5}}}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{9+4\sqrt{5}}}=9-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)^2}}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)^2}}\)

\(=9-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}-2}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}+2}=9+\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{5}-2-\sqrt{5}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)}\)

\(=9+\left(-8\right)=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(1^{31}-5.1^{10}+3\right)^{2018}=\left(-1\right)^{2018}=1\)