a) \(x^2-2x-4y^2-4y=\left(x^2-4y^2\right)-\left(2x+4y\right)=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y-2\right)\)

b) \(x^3+2x^2+2x+1=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1+2x\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)

c) \(x^3-4x^2+12x-27=x^3-3x^2-x^2+3x+9x-27=x^2\left(x-3\right)-x\left(x-3\right)+9\left(x-3\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-x+9\right)\)

d) \(a^6-a^4+2a^3+2a^2=a^2\left(a^4-a^2+2a+2\right)=a^2\left[a^2\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)+2\left(a+1\right)\right]=a^2\left(a+1\right)\left(a^3-a^2+2\right)=a^2\left(a+1\right)\left[a^3+a^2-2a^2+2\right]=a^2\left(a+1\right)\left[a^2\left(a+1\right)-2\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\right]=a^2\left(a+1\right)^2\left(a^2-2a+2\right)\)

a) Ta có: \(x^2-2x-4y^2-4y\)

\(=\left(x^2-4y^2\right)-\left(2x+4y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y-2\right)\)

b) Ta có: \(x^3+2x^2+2x+1\)

\(=\left(x^3+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)

d) Ta có: \(a^6-a^4+2a^3+2a^2\)

\(=a^2\left(a^4-a^2+2a+2\right)\)

\(=a^2\left[a^2\left(a^2-1\right)+\left(2a+2\right)\right]\)

\(=a^2\left[a^2\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)+2\left(a+1\right)\right]\)

\(=a^2\cdot\left(a+1\right)\left(a^3-a+2\right)\)

c) Ta có: \(x^3-4x^2+12x-27\)

\(=\left(x^3-27\right)-\left(4x^2-12x\right)\)

\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+9\right)-4x\left(x-3\right)\)

\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-x+9\right)\)

e) Ta có: \(x^4-2x^3+2x-1\)

\(=\left(x^4-1\right)-2x\left(x^2-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-2x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x-1\right)^3\)

h) Ta có: \(3x^2-3y^2-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(=3\left(x^2-y^2\right)-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+3y-2x+2y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+5y\right)\)

a) Ta có: \(x^2-y^2-2x-2y\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)

b) Ta có: \(x^2\left(x+2y\right)-x-2y\)

\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

c) Ta có: \(x^3-4x^2-9x+36\)

\(=x^2\left(x-4\right)-9\left(x-4\right)\)

\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2-9\right)\)

\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

d) Ta có: \(x^4+2x^3+2x-1\)

\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)+2x\left(x^2+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+2x-1\right)\)

a. 

$x^2-y^2-2x+2y=(x^2-y^2)-(2x-2y)=(x-y)(x+y)-2(x-y)=(x-y)(x+y-2)$

b.

$x^2(x-1)+16(1-x)=x^2(x-1)-16(x-1)=(x-1)(x^2-16)=(x-1)(x-4)(x+4)$

c.

$x^2+4x-y^2+4=(x^2+4x+4)-y^2=(x+2)^2-y^2=(x+2-y)(x+2+y)$

d.

$x^3-3x^2-3x+1=(x^3+1)-(3x^2+3x)=(x+1)(x^2-x+1)-3x(x+1)$

$=(x+1)(x^2-4x+1)$

e.

$x^4+4y^4=(x^2)^2+(2y^2)^2+2.x^2.2y^2-4x^2y^2$

$=(x^2+2y^2)^2-(2xy)^2=(x^2+2y^2-2xy)(x^2+2y^2+2xy)$

f.

$x^4-13x^2+36=(x^4-4x^2)-(9x^2-36)$

$=x^2(x^2-4)-9(x^2-4)=(x^2-9)(x^2-4)=(x-3)(x+3)(x-2)(x+2)$

g.

$(x^2+x)^2+4x^2+4x-12=(x^2+x)^2+4(x^2+x)-12$

$=(x^2+x)^2-2(x^2+x)+6(x^2+x)-12$

$=(x^2+x)(x^2+x-2)+6(x^2+x-2)=(x^2+x-2)(x^2+x+6)$

$=[x(x-1)+2(x-1)](x^2+x+6)=(x-1)(x+2)(x^2+x+6)$

h.

$x^6+2x^5+x^4-2x^3-2x^2+1$

$=(x^6+2x^5+x^4)-(2x^3+2x^2)+1$

$=(x^3+x^2)^2-2(x^3+x^2)+1=(x^3+x^2-1)^2$

a) (5x³ – 2x² + 4x – 4) . ( x³ + 3x² – 5)

= 5x³ . ( x³ + 3x² – 5) - 2x² . ( x³ + 3x² – 5) + 4x . ( x³ + 3x² – 5) – 4 . ( x³ + 3x² – 5)

= 5x³ . x³ + 5x³ . 3x² + 5x³ . (-5) – [ 2x² . x³ + 2x² . 3x² +2x² . (-5)] + [4x . x³ + 4x. 3x² + 4x . (-5)] – [ 4x³ + 4.3x² + 4.(-5)]

= 5x⁶ + 15x⁵ – 25x³ – (2x⁵ + 6x⁴ – 10x²) + 4x⁴ + 12x³ – 20x – (4x³ + 12x² – 20)

= 5x⁶ + 15x⁵ – 25x³ – 2x⁵ - 6x⁴ + 10x² + 4x⁴ + 12x³ – 20x – 4x³ - 12x² + 20

= 5x⁶ + (15x⁵ – 2x⁵ ) + (- 6x⁴ + 4x⁴ ) + (-25x³ + 12x³ – 4x³ ) + (10x² - 12x² ) – 20x + 20

= 5x⁶ + 13x⁵ – 2x⁴ – 17x³ -2x² – 20x + 20

b) (-2,5.x⁴ + 0,5x² + 1) . (4x³ – 2x + 6)

= -2,5.x⁴ . (4x³ – 2x + 6) + 0,5x² . (4x³ – 2x + 6) + 1. (4x³ – 2x + 6)

= (-2,5.x⁴) . 4x³ + (-2,5.x⁴ ) . (-2x) + (-2,5.x⁴ ) . 6 + 0,5x² . 4x³ + 0,5x² . (-2x) + 0,5x² . 6 + 4x³ – 2x + 6

= -10x⁷ + 5x⁵ – 15x⁴ + 2x⁵ – x³ + 3x² + 4x³ – 2x + 6

= -10x⁷ + ( 5x⁵ + 2x⁵ ) - 15x⁴ + (– x³ + 4x³ ) + 3x² – 2x + 6

= -10x⁷ +7x⁵ - 15x⁴ + 3x³ + 3x² – 2x + 6

a) x²y+xy+x+1= (x²y+xy)+(x+1)=xy(x+10+(x+1)=(x+1)(xy+1)

b) x²-(a+b)x+ab=x²-ax-bx+ab=(x²-ax)-(bx-ab)=x(x-a)-b(x-a)=(x-a)(x-b)

c) ax²+ay-bx²-by=(ax²+ay)-(bx²+by)=a(x²+y)-b(x²+y)=(a-b)(x²+y)

d) ax-2x-a²+2a=(ax-2x)-(a²-2a)=x(a-2)-a(a-2)=(a-2)(x-a)

e) 2x²+4ax+x+2a=(2x²+4ax)+(x+2a)=2x(x+2a)+(x+2a)=(x+2a)(2x+1)

f) x³+ax²+x+a=(x³+ax²)+(x+a)=x²(x+a)+(x+a)=(x²+1)(x+a)

g: Ta có: \(x^4+2x^3-4x-4\)

\(=\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^2+2\right)-2x\left(x^2-2\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2-2\right)\cdot\left(x^2+2x+2\right)\)

x 4 - 2 x 3 - 2 x 2 - 2 x - 3 =   ( x 4   −   1 )   −   ( 2 x 3   +   2 x 2 )   −   ( 2 x   +   2 ) =   ( x 2   +   1   ) ( x 2   −   1 )   −   2 x 2 ( x   +   1 )   − 2 ( x   +   1 ) =   ( x 2   +   1 ) ( x   −   1 ) ( x   +   1 )   −   2 x 2 ( x   +   1 )   − 2 ( x   +   1 ) =   ( x   +   1 ) ( x 2   +   1 ) ( x   −   1 )   −   2 x 2   –   2 =   ( x   +   1 ) (   x 2   +   1 ) ( x   −   1 )   −   2 ( x 2   +   1 ) =   ( x   +   1 ) (   x 2   +   1 ) ( x   –   1   −   2 ) =   ( x   +   1 ) (   x 2   +   1 ) ( x   −   3 )

x^4 - 2x^3 - 2x^2 - 2x - 3 

= x^4 - 1 - 2x^3 - 2x^2 - 2x -2 

= ( x - 1 ) ( x + 1 ) ( x^2 + 1 ) - 2x^2 ( x + 1 ) - 2 ( x + 1 ) 

= ( x + 1 ) [ ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 + 1 ) - 2x^2 - 2 ] 

= ( x + 1 ) [ ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 + 1 - 2 ( x^2 - 1 ) ] 

= ( x + 1 ) [ ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 + 1 ) - 2 ( x - 1 ) ( x + 1 ) ] 

= ( x + 1 ) ( x - 1 ) [ ( x^2 + 1 ) - 2 ( x +1 ) 

= ( x + 1 ) ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 +1 - 2x - 2 ) 

= ( x + 1 ) ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 - 2x - 1 ) 

a) (x - y)(x + y + 3).                    b) (x + y - 2xy)(2 + y + 2xy).

c) x 2 (x + l)( x 3  -  x 2  + 2).              d) (x – 1 - y)[ ( x   -   1 ) 2   +   ( x   -   1 ) y   +   y 2 ].

\(1,\\ a,=6x^4-15x^3-12x^2\\ b,=x^2+2x+1+x^2+x-3-4x=2x^2-x-2\\ c,=2x^2-3xy+4y^2\\ 2,\\ a,=7x\left(x+2y\right)\\ b,=3\left(x+4\right)-x\left(x+4\right)=\left(3-x\right)\left(x+4\right)\\ c,=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\\ d,=x^2-5x+3x-15=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+3\right)\\ 3,\\ a,\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x+2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Câu 1

a)\(3x^2\left(2x^2-5x-4\right)=6x^4-15x^3-12x^2\)

b)\(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)-4x=x^2+2x+1+x^2+3x-2x-6-4x=2x^2-x-5\)

Bài 2

a) \(7x^2+14xy=7x\left(x+2y\right)\)

b) \(3x+12-\left(x^2+4x\right)=-x^2-x+12=\left(-x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\)

c) \(x^2-2xy+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2\)

d) \(x^2-2x-15=x^2+3x-5x-15=\left(x+3\right)\left(x-5\right)\)