a)

\(Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{19,5}{65} =0,3(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(lít)\\ b) m_{ZnCl_2} = 0,3.136 = 40,8(gam)\\ c) n_{HCl} = 2n_{Zn} = 0,6(mol) \Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,6}{2} = 0,3(lít)\\ d) 2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2H_2O\\ V_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{2} V_{H_2} = 3,36(lít)\\ V_{không\ khí} = \dfrac{V_{O_2}}{20\%}= \dfrac{3,36}{20\%} = 16,8(lít)\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6(g)\\ c,n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\)

b) mHCl = 14,6 (g)

V H2 = 4,48 (l)

Giải thích các bước:

a) PTHH:  Zn +  2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2↑

b) nZn = 13 : 65 = 0,2 mol

Theo PTHH: nHCl = 2.nZn = 0,4 mol

mHCl = 0,4 . 36,5 = 14,6(g)

c) nH2 = nZn = 0,2 mol

VH2 = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48 (l)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

Áp dung định luật BTKL : 

\(m_{H_2}=13+14.6-27.2=0.4\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0.4}{2}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

Áp dụng định luật BTKL : 

\(m_{Mg}+m_{HCl}=m_{MgCl_2}+m_{H_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=9.5+0.2-7.3=2.4\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0.2}{2}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)

\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,25.65=16,25\left(g\right)\\ m_{ZnCl_2}=0,25.136=34\left(g\right)\\ b.FeO+H_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow Fe+H_2O\\ Tacó:n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,25.56=14\left(g\right)\)

`a)PTHH:`

`Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl_2 + H_2 \uparrow`

`0,4`   `0,8`                          `0,4`   `(mol)`

`n_[Zn]=26/65=0,4(mol)`

`b)m_[HCl]=0,8.36,5=29,2(g)`

`c)V_[H_2]=0,4.22,4=8,96(l)`

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

a: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{52}{65}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n_{HCl}=1.6\left(mol\right)\)

hay \(n_{H_2}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0.8\cdot22.4=17.92\left(lít\right)\)

b: \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0.8\cdot136=108.8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2}=0.8\cdot2=1.6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{52}{65}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,8.22,4=17,92\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{HCl}=2.0,8=1,6\left(mol\right)\\ C1:m_{ZnCl_2}=0,8.136=108,8\left(g\right);m_{H_2}=0,8.2=1,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{thu.được}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}=108,8+1,6=110,4\left(g\right)\\ C2:m_{HCl}=1,6.36,5=58,4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{thu.được}=m_{tham.gia}=m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}=52+58,4=110,4\left(g\right)\)

PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

+\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

+\(nH_2=n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

+\(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=1\left(mol\right)\)

+\(V_{H2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(lit\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=1.36,5=36,5\left(gam\right)\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

   \(Zn\)          \(+\)    \(2\)\(HCl\)     →    \(ZnCl_2\)      \(+\)     \(H_2\)

\(0,5\) \(mol\)    →   \(1\) ​\(mol\)​    →       \(0,5\)\(mol\)    →   \(0,5\) \(mol\)

\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=n.M=1.36,5=36,4\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\) 
         0,1        0,2                        0,1 
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\ m_{HCl}=\left(0,2.36,5\right).10\%=0,73g\) 
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\) 
=> Fe2O3 dư 
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,067\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Fe}=0,067.56=3,73g\)

a.b.\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1mol\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

0,1      0,2                          0,1   ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{10\%}=73g\)

c.\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1mol\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)

 0,1   >    0,1                                    ( mol )

                0,1                1/15                     ( mol )

\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=3,73g\)