1)

Gọi số mol KMnO₄, KClO₃ là a, b (mol)

=> 158a + 122,5b = 308,2 (1)

PTHH: 2KMnO₄ --t^o--> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂

                 a-------------------------------->0,5a

            2KClO₃ --t^o--> 2KCl + 3O₂

                  b------------------>1,5b

=> m_O2 = (0,5a + 1,5b).32 = 16a + 48b (g)

m_D = 308,2 - 16a - 48b(g)

\(m_{Mn}=\dfrac{\left(308,2-16a-48b\right).10,69}{100}=32,94658-1,7104a-5,1312b\left(g\right)\)

=> \(n_{Mn}=\dfrac{32,94658-1,7104a-5,1312b}{55}=0,6-\dfrac{1069}{34375}a-\dfrac{3207}{34375}\left(mol\right)\)

Mà \(n_{Mn}=n_{KMnO_4}=a\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(\dfrac{35444}{34375}a+\dfrac{3207}{34375}b=0,6\) (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,4 (mol); b = 2 (mol)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{0,4.158}{308,2}.100\%=20,506\%\\\%m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2.122,5}{308,2}.100\%=79,494\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

2)

Giả sử nung 100 (g) đá vôi

=> \(m_{CaCO_3\left(bđ\right)}=\dfrac{80.100}{100}=80\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{rắn.sau.pư}=\dfrac{100.73,6}{100}=73,6\left(g\right)\)

=> m_CO2 = 100 - 73,6 = 26,4 (g)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{26,4}{44}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CaCO₃ --t^o--> CaO + CO₂

                0,6<----------------0,6

=> m_CaCO3(pư) = 0,6.100 = 60 (g)

\(H\%=\dfrac{60}{80}.100\%=75\%\)

Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

a. PTHH:

\(MgCO_3+H_2SO_4--->MgSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\)

\(MgSO_4+H_2SO_4--\times-->\)

b. Theo PT: \(n_{MgCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCO_3}=0,03.84=2,52\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgSO_4}=6-2,52=3,48\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%_{m_{MgCO_3}}=\dfrac{2,52}{6}.100\%=42\%\)

\(\%_{m_{MgSO_4}}=100\%-42\%=58\%\)

c. Theo PT: \(n_{MgSO_4}=n_{CO_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgSO_4}=0,03.120=3,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgSO_{4_{thu.được.sau.phản.ứng}}}=3,6+3,48=7,08\left(g\right)\)

a) PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

                \(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)

b) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Zn}\) \(\Rightarrow n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{20-0,1\cdot65}{81}=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}+n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(mol\right)\) 

Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=0,1\cdot2=0,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=119,8\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{4}{15}\cdot136}{119,8}\cdot100\%\approx30,27\%\)

c) Giả sử khí là SO₂

PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}\xrightarrow[]{t^o}ZnSO_4+SO_2\uparrow+H_2O\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{SO_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

Gọi \(n_{KClO_3}=a,n_{KMnO_4}=b\)

\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t_o}2KCl+3O_2\)

  a                             \(\dfrac{3}{2}a\)

\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t_o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

   b                                                  \(\dfrac{1}{2}b\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{49,28}{22,4}=2,2mol\)

Ta có hệ:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}122,5a+158b=47,2\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+\dfrac{1}{2}b=2,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1296}{703}\\b=-\dfrac{3974}{3515}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đề bị lỗi rồi em nhé!!!

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(b,\) Đặt \(n_{Fe}=x(mol);n_{Al}=y(mol)\)

\(\Rightarrow 56x+27y=8,3(1)\)

Theo PTHH: \(x+1,5y=0,25(2)\)

\((1)(2)\Rightarrow x=y=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{8,3}.100\%=67,47\%\\ \%_{Al}=100\%-67,47\%=32,53\%\)

phân tích 273g hỗn hợp muối KClO3 và KMnO4 ta thu được 49.27l oxi (đktc)

a,Viết phương trình hóa học phản ứng

b, Tính thành phần % khối lượng của các chất có trong hỗn hợp muối

\(a) PTHH:\)

\(2KClO3 -(nhiệt)-> 2KCl + 3O2\) (1)

\(2KMnO4 -(nhiệt)-> K2MnO4 + MnO2 +O2\)(2)

\(b)\)

Đặt a là nKClO3, b là nKMnO4

Ta có: 122,5a 158b

Ta có: \(122,5a + 158b = 273 \) (I)

nO2 thu được = \(\dfrac {49,27} {22,4}\)= \(2,1995 (mol) \)

Theo (1) và (2): \(1,5a + 0,5b = 2,1995\) (II)

Giai hệ (I) và (II), \(\begin{cases} a=1,2 \\ b = 0,8 \end{cases}\)

%mKClO3 = \(\frac{1,2.122,5.100}{273}\) = 53,85%

=> %mKMnO4 = 100% - 53,85% = 46,15%

PTHH: \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\left(1\right)\)

\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\left(2\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{49,27}{22,4}=\dfrac{4927}{2240}\left(mol\right)\)

Đặt số mol KClO₃ là x, số mol KMnO₄ là y, ta có hệ:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}122,5x+158y=273\\1,5x+0,5y=\dfrac{4927}{2240}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1,200736639\\y=0,7968972262\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{KClO_3}=1,200736639.122,5=147,0902383\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{KMnO_4}=273-147,0902383=125,9097617\left(g\right)\)

\(\%KClO_3=\dfrac{147,0902383}{273}.100\%=53,88\%\)

\(\%KMnO_4=100\%-53,88\%=46,12\%\)

\(Đặt:n_{MnO_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{KMnO_4}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{hh}=87a+158b=37.96\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{10.08}{22.4}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)

\(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)

\(MnO_2+4HCl\rightarrow MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\)

\(n_{Cl_2}=a+2.5b=0.45\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.4,b=0.02\)

\(\%MnO_2=\dfrac{0.4\cdot87}{37.96}\cdot100\%=91.68\%\\\%KMnO_4=100-91.68=8.32\% \)

\(m_M=m_{KCl}+m_{MnCl_2}=0.02\cdot74.5+\left(0.4+0.02\right)\cdot126=54.41g\)