5(y-3) = 125

=> y-3=125:5

=> y-3=25

=> y   =25+3

=> y   =28

5(y-3) = 125

=> y-3=125:5

=> y-3=25

=> y   =25+3

=> y   =28

Lời giải:

a) 

$3^{2x+1}.7^y=9.21^x=3^2.(3.7)^x=3^{2+x}.7^x$

Vì $x,y$ là số tự nhiên nên suy ra $2x+1=2+x$ và $y=x$

$\Rightarrow x=y=1$

b) \(\frac{27^x}{3^{2x-y}}=\frac{3^{3x}}{3^{2x-y}}=3^{x+y}=243=3^5\Rightarrow x+y=5(1)\)

\(\frac{25^x}{5^{x+y}}=\frac{5^{2x}}{5^{x+y}}=5^{x-y}=125=5^3\Rightarrow x-y=3\) $(2)$

Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow x=4; y=1$

125*y-12*y-13*y=5.208.000

 (125-12-13)*y=5208000

100*y=5208000

y=5208000:100

y=52080

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{2x}{3}=\dfrac{3y}{4}=\dfrac{4z}{5}\)

nên \(\dfrac{x}{\dfrac{3}{2}}=\dfrac{y}{\dfrac{4}{3}}=\dfrac{z}{\dfrac{5}{4}}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\dfrac{x}{\dfrac{3}{2}}=\dfrac{y}{\dfrac{4}{3}}=\dfrac{z}{\dfrac{5}{4}}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{5}{4}}=\dfrac{49}{\dfrac{49}{12}}=12\)

Do đó:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x}{3}=12\\\dfrac{3y}{4}=12\\\dfrac{4z}{5}=12\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=36\\3y=48\\4z=60\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=18\\y=16\\z=20\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: (x,y,z)=(18;16;20)

b) Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{3}=k\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5k\\y=3k\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(x^2-y^2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5k\right)^2-\left(3k\right)^2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16k^2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow k\in\left\{\dfrac{1}{2};-\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)

Trường hợp 1: \(k=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5k=5\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{5}{2}\\y=3k=3\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Trường hợp 2: \(k=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5k=5\cdot\dfrac{-1}{2}=\dfrac{-5}{2}\\y=3k=3\cdot\dfrac{-1}{2}=\dfrac{-3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(\dfrac{5}{2};\dfrac{3}{2}\right);\left(-\dfrac{5}{2};-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\right\}\)

a)

Theo tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có : 

\(\dfrac{x}{\dfrac{3}{2}}=\dfrac{y}{\dfrac{4}{3}}=\dfrac{z}{\dfrac{5}{4}}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{5}{4}}=\dfrac{49}{\dfrac{49}{12}}=12\)

Suy ra : 

\(x=\dfrac{12.3}{2}=18\\ y=\dfrac{12.4}{3}=16\\ z=\dfrac{12.5}{4}=15\)

b)

\(x=\dfrac{y}{3}.5=\dfrac{5y}{3}\\ x^2-y^2=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{5y}{3}\right)^2-y^2=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{16y^2}{9}=4\Leftrightarrow y=\pm\dfrac{3}{2} \)

Với $y = \dfrac{3}{2}$ thì $x = \dfrac{5}{2}$

Với $y = \dfrac{-3}{2}$ thì $x = \dfrac{-5}{2}$

c)

\(\dfrac{x}{y+z+1}=\dfrac{y}{z+x+1}=\dfrac{z}{x+y-2}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2x+2y+2z}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Suy ra : 

\(2x=y+z+1\Leftrightarrow y+z=2x-1\)

Mặt khác : 

\(x+y+z=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x+2x-1=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(2y=x+z+1=z+\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Mà \(y+z=0\Leftrightarrow z=-y\)

nên suy ra:  \(y=\dfrac{1}{2};z=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Lời giải:

a. Áp dụng TCDTSBN:

\(\frac{x}{y}=\frac{2}{5}\Rightarrow \frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{2x}{4}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{2x-y}{4-5}=\frac{3}{-1}=-3\)

$\Rightarrow x=-3.2=-6; y=-3.5=-15$

b. Áp dụng TCDTSBN:

$\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}; \frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{7}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{x}{8}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{21}$

$=\frac{2x}{16}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{21}=\frac{2x-y+z}{16-12+21}=\frac{50}{25}=2$

$\Rightarrow x=8.2=16; y=2.12=24; z=2.21=42$

c.

$\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{4}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{x^2}{4}=\frac{y^2}{9}=\frac{z^2}{16}=\frac{2z^2}{32}$

$=\frac{x^2-y^2+2z^2}{4-9+32}=\frac{108}{27}=4$

$\Rightarrow x^2=4.4=16; y^2=9.4=36; z^2=4.4=16$

Kết hợp với đkxđ suy ra:
$(x,y,z)=(4,6,4); (-4; -6; -4)$

 x; y ; z lần lượt tỉ lệ với 5 ; 3 ; 2\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{2}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{2}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{5+3-2}=\dfrac{36}{6}=6\)

\(\dfrac{x}{5}=6\Rightarrow x=30\\ \dfrac{y}{3}=6\Rightarrow y=18\\ \dfrac{z}{2}=6\Rightarrow z=12\)

Vậy ...

Bài 1:

\(\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{25}{125};\dfrac{5}{1}=\dfrac{125}{25};\dfrac{1}{25}=\dfrac{5}{125};\dfrac{25}{1}=\dfrac{125}{5}\)

b2

theo đề =>x:y:z=5:3:2

=>\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{2}\)

theo tc dãy tỉ số bắng nhau, cs

\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{2}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{5+3-2}=\dfrac{36}{6}=6\)

=>x=30;y=18;z=12

<=> x/234 = y/198

Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau , ta có :

x/234 = y/198 = x + y / 234 + 198 = 1/6

=> x/234 = 1/6 => x = 39

=> y/198 = 1/6 => y = 33

Vậy ...

Từ x/y=198/234 

Suy ra x/198=y/234

Ấp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có

x/198=y/234=x+y/198+234=72/432=1/6

Suy ra x=33 và y=39

Trả lời :

\(\frac{x}{y}\)\(=\)\(\frac{198}{234}\)

=> \(\frac{x}{198}\)\(=\)\(\frac{y}{234}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau :

\(\frac{x}{198}\)\(=\)\(\frac{y}{234}\)\(=\)\(\frac{x+y}{198+234}\)\(=\)\(\frac{72}{432}\)\(=\)\(\frac{1}{6}\)

=> \(\frac{x}{198}\)\(=\)\(\frac{1}{6}\)\(=\)\(\frac{1}{6}\)\(\times\)\(198\)\(=\)\(33\)

=> \(\frac{y}{234}\)\(=\)\(\frac{1}{6}\)\(=\)\(\frac{1}{6}\)\(\times\)\(234\)\(=\)\(39\)

Vậy x = 33 ; y = 39