a: \(x+7⋮x+2\)

=>\(x+2+5⋮x+2\)

=>\(5⋮x+2\)

=>\(x+2\in\left\{1;-1;5;-5\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{-1;-3;3;-7\right\}\)

b: \(2x+5⋮x+1\)

=>\(2x+2+3⋮x+1\)

=>\(3⋮x+1\)

=>\(x+1\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{0;-2;2;-4\right\}\)

c: \(3x-2⋮x+3\)

=>\(3x+9-11⋮x+3\)

=>\(-11⋮x+3\)

=>\(x+3\in\left\{1;-1;11;-11\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{-2;-4;8;-14\right\}\)

d: \(12x+1⋮3x+2\)

=>\(12x+8-7⋮3x+2\)

=>\(-7⋮3x+2\)

=>\(3x+2\in\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)

=>\(3x\in\left\{-1;-3;5;-9\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{-\dfrac{1}{3};-1;\dfrac{5}{3};-3\right\}\)

e: \(x^2+3x+5⋮x+3\)

=>\(x\left(x+3\right)+5⋮x+3\)

=>\(5⋮x+3\)

=>\(x+3\in\left\{1;-1;5;-5\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{-2;-4;2;-8\right\}\)

f: \(x^2-2x+3⋮x+2\)

=>\(x^2+2x-4x-8+11⋮x+2\)

=>\(11⋮x+2\)

=>\(x+2\in\left\{1;-1;11;-11\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{-1;-3;9;-13\right\}\)

a) Tương đương             b) Không tương đương

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+6\right)^2\left(5-3x\right)\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-6\\x\ge\dfrac{5}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

1: Sửa đề: 3x-5

\(=\dfrac{-x^2\left(3x-5\right)-3\left(3x-5\right)}{3x-5}=-x^2-3\)

2: \(=\dfrac{5x^4-5x^3+14x^3-14x^2+12x^2-12x+8x-8}{x-1}\)

=5x^2+14x^2+12x+8

3: \(=\dfrac{5x^3+10x^2+4x^2+8x+4x+8}{x+2}=5x^2+4x+4\)

4: \(=\dfrac{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)-2x\left(x^2-1\right)}{x^2-1}=x^2+1-2x\)

5: \(=\dfrac{x^2\left(5-3x\right)+3\left(5-3x\right)}{5-3x}=x^2+3\)

1)(x²-4x+16)(x+4)-x(x+1)(x+2)+3x²=0

\(\Rightarrow\)(x³+64)-x(x²+2x+x+2)+3x²=0

\(\Rightarrow\)x³+64-x³-2x²-x²-2x+3x²=0

\(\Rightarrow\)-2x+64=0

\(\Rightarrow\)-2x=-64

\(\Rightarrow\)x=\(\dfrac{-64}{-2}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=32\)

2)(8x+2)(1-3x)+(6x-1)(4x-10)=-50

\(\Rightarrow\)8x-24x²+2-6x+24x²-60x-4x+10=50

\(\Rightarrow\)-62x+12=50

\(\Rightarrow\)-62x=50-12

\(\Rightarrow\)-62x=38

\(\Rightarrow\)x=\(-\dfrac{38}{62}=-\dfrac{19}{31}\)

3)(x²+2x+4)(2-x)+x(x-3)(x+4)-x²+24=0

\(\Rightarrow\)8-x³+x(x²+4x-3x-12)-x²+24=0

\(\Rightarrow\)8-x³+x³+4x²-3x²-12x-x²+21=0

\(\Rightarrow\)-12x+29=0

\(\Rightarrow\)-12x=-29

\(\Rightarrow\)x=\(\dfrac{-29}{-12}=\dfrac{29}{12}\)

2.

a. 3x(12x - 4) - 9x(4x - 3) = 30

<=> 36x² - 12x - 36x² + 27x = 30

<=> 36x² - 36x² - 12x + 27x = 30

<=> 15x = 30

<=> x = 2

b. x(5 - 2x) + 2x(x - 1) = 15

<=> 5x - 2x² + 2x² - 2x = 15

<=> -2x² + 2x² + 5x - 2x = 15

<=> 3x = 15

<=> x = 5

a) x² ( 5x³ - x - 2323x²y=  6969x³y²- 2323x⁴y+ 2323x²y²

c) x² ( 4x^{3 -} 5xy + 2x ) ( -

a) (2x+12x−1−2x−12x+1):4x10x−5=(2x+1)2−(2x−1)2(2x−1)(2x+1).10x+54x(2x+12x−1−2x−12x+1):4x10x−5=(2x+1)2−(2x−1)2(2x−1)(2x+1).10x+54x

=4x2+4x+1−4x2+4x−1(2x−1)(2x+1).5(2x+1)4x4x2+4x+1−4x2+4x−1(2x−1)(2x+1).5(2x+1)4x

=8x.5(2x+1)(2x−1)(2x+1).4x=102x−18x.5(2x+1)(2x−1)(2x+1).4x=102x−1

b) (1x2+x−2−xx+1):(1x+x−2)(1x2+x−2−xx+1):(1x+x−2)

=(1x(x+1)+x−2x+1):1+x2−2xx(1x(x+1)+x−2x+1):1+x2−2xx

=1+x(x−2)x(x+1).xx2−2x+11+x(x−2)x(x+1).xx2−2x+1

=(x2−2x+1)xx(x+1)(x2−2x+1)=1x+1(x2−2x+1)xx(x+1)(x2−2x+1)=1x+1

c) 1x−1−x3−xx2+1.(1x2−2x+1+11−x2)1x−1−x3−xx2+1.(1x2−2x+1+11−x2)

=1x−1−x3−xx2+1.[1(x−1)2−1(x−1)(x+1)]

a) (2x+12x−1−2x−12x+1):4x10x−5(2x+12x−1−2x−12x+1):4x10x−5                     

  =               0                       -                         0

  = 0

b) (1x2+x−2−xx+1):(1x+x−2);(1x2+x−2−xx+1):(1x+x−2)

 =       (x-xx+1)       :  (2x-2)   :    (x-xx+1)         :  (2x-2)

c) 1x−1−x3−xx2+1.(1x2−2x+1+11−x2)

 =    -2x-1-xx2+1.           (14 - 4x)

 = -x2-1-xx2+14-4x

 = -6x-xx2+13 

a) (2x+12x−1−2x−12x+1):4x10x−5=(2x+1)2−(2x−1)2(2x−1)(2x+1).10x+54x(2x+12x−1−2x−12x+1):4x10x−5=(2x+1)2−(2x−1)2(2x−1)(2x+1).10x+54x

=4x2+4x+1−4x2+4x−1(2x−1)(2x+1).5(2x+1)4x4x2+4x+1−4x2+4x−1(2x−1)(2x+1).5(2x+1)4x

=8x.5(2x+1)(2x−1)(2x+1).4x=102x−18x.5(2x+1)(2x−1)(2x+1).4x=102x−1

b) (1x2+x−2−xx+1):(1x+x−2)(1x2+x−2−xx+1):(1x+x−2)

=(1x(x+1)+x−2x+1):1+x2−2xx(1x(x+1)+x−2x+1):1+x2−2xx

=1+x(x−2)x(x+1).xx2−2x+11+x(x−2)x(x+1).xx2−2x+1

=(x2−2x+1)xx(x+1)(x2−2x+1)=1x+1(x2−2x+1)xx(x+1)(x2−2x+1)=1x+1

c) 1x−1−x3−xx2+1.(1x2−2x+1+11−x2)1x−1−x3−xx2+1.(1x2−2x+1+11−x2)

=1x−1−x3−xx2+1.[1(x−1)2−1(x−1)(x+1)]

a, \(\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2-4\right)\left(x+1\right)-\left(3x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(\left(9x^2-4\right)-\left(\left(3x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\right)\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(9x^2-4-\left(3x^2-x-2\right)\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(9x^2-4-3x^2+x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(3x^2+x-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)=0;3x^2+x-2=0\)

=> x=-1  

với \(3x^2+x-2=0\)

ta sử dụng công thức bậc 2 suy ra : \(x=\dfrac{2}{3};x=-1\)

Vậy  ghiệm của pt trên \(S\in\left\{-1;\dfrac{2}{3}\right\}\)

b: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1-1+x^2=x+3-x^2-3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-2x=-x^2-2x+3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2=3\)

hay \(x\in\left\{1;-1\right\}\)

c: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(x+5\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x-3-x^2-3x+10\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(-5x+7\right)=0\)

hay \(x\in\left\{1;-2;\dfrac{7}{5}\right\}\)

Lời giải:

a.

$x^2-x=y^2-1$
$\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+1=y^2$

$\Leftrightarrow 4x^2-4x+4=4y^2$

$\Leftrightarrow (2x-1)^2+3=(2y)^2$

$\Leftrightarrow 3=(2y)^2-(2x-1)^2=(2y-2x+1)(2y+2x-1)$

Đến đây xét các TH:

TH1: $2y-2x+1=1; 2y+2x-1=3$

TH2: $2y-2x+1=-1; 2y+2x-1=-3$

TH3: $2y-2x+1=3; 2y+2x-1=1$

TH4: $2y-2x+1=-3; 2y+2x-1=-1$

b.

$x^2+12x=y^2$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+6)^2=y^2+36$

$\Leftrightarrow 36=(x+6)^2-y^2=(x+6-y)(x+6+y)$

Đến đây xét trường hợp tương tự phần a.

c.

$x^2+xy-2y-x-5=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2+xy=x+2y+5$
$\Leftrightarrow 4x^2+4xy=4x+8y+20$

$\Leftrightarrow (2x+y)^2=4x+8y+20+y^2$

$\Leftrightarrow (2x+y)^2-2(2x+y)+1=y^2+6y+21$

$\Leftrightarrow (2x+y-1)^2=(y+3)^2+12$
$\Leftrightarrow (2x+y-1)^2-(y+3)^2=12$

$\Leftrightarrow (2x+y-1-y-3)(2x+y-1+y+3)=12$

$\Leftrightarrow (2x-4)(2x+2y+2)=12$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-2)(x+y+1)=3$

Đến đây đơn giản rồi.

a) \(x^2-x=y^2-1\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2-x+1=y^2\)

\(\Rightarrow4x^2-4x+4=4y^2\)

\(\Rightarrow4x^2-4x+1+3=\left(2y\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+1\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2=-3\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-2y+1\right)\left(2x+2y+1\right)=-3\)

Vì \(x,y\in Z\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-2y+1\right)\left(2x+2y+1\right)\in Z\\\left(2x-2y+1\right)\left(2x+2y+1\right)\inƯ\left(7\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có bảng:

Vậy \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;1\right);\left(-1;-1\right);\left(-1;-1\right);\left(0;-1\right)\right\}\)