a, \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)

\(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_{3\downarrow}+H_2O\)

b, \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{3}{16}=0,1875\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}=0,1875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=0,1875.44=8,25\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,1875.100=18,75\left(g\right)\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_6}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(đk:a,b>0\right)\)

\(n_{kt}=n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{150}{100}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 

\(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)

1,5<--------------------1,5

\(2C_2H_6+7O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+6H_2O\)

a----------------->2a

\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)

b------------------>2b

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}30a+26b=21,5\\2a+2b=1,5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\left(mol\right)\\b=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_2H_6}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5+0,25}.100\%=66,67\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}=100\%-66,67\%=33,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) PTHH: C2H6O + 3 O2 -to-> 2CO2 + 3 H2O

b) nC2H6O=0,1(mol) => nCO2=2.0,1=0,2(mol)

PHHH: CO2 + Ca(OH)2 -> CaCO3 + H2O

nCaCO3=nCO2=0,2(mol)

=>m(kết tủa)=mCaCO3=0,2.100=20(g)

nC2H5OH = 4.6/46 = 0.1 (mol) 

C2H5OH + 3O2 -to-> 2CO2 + 3H2O 

0.1.................................0.2

Ca(OH)2 + CO2 => CaCO3 + H2O 

.....................0.2............0.2

mCaCO3 = 0.2 * 100 = 20 (g) 

a, \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

CH₄ + 2O₂ --t^o--> CO₂ + 2H₂O

0,5--->1------------->0,5

Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ ---> CaCO₃ + H₂O

                   0,5----->0,5

b, \(V_{O_2}=1.22,4=22,4\left(l\right)\)

c, \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,5.100=50\left(g\right)\)

\(a)\\ CH_4 + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2 + 2H_2O\\ 2C_2H_2 + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 4CO_2 + 2H_2O\\ CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O\\ C_2H_2 + 2Br_2 \to C_2H_2Br_4\\ b) n_{Br_2} = \dfrac{8}{160}=0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{C_2H_2}= \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Br_2}= 0,025(mol)\\ n_{CO_2} = n_{CH_4} + 2n_{C_2H_2} = n_{CaCO_3} = \dfrac{50}{100} = 0,5(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{CH_4} = 0,5 - 0,025.2 = 0,45(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m = 0,45.16 + 0,05.26 = 8,5(gam)\)

\(\%m_{CH_4} = \dfrac{0,45.16}{8,5}.100\% = 84,7\%\\ \%m_{C_2H_2} = 100\% - 84,7\% = 15,3\%\)

\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{m_{CH_4}}{M_{CH_4}}=\dfrac{1,6}{16}=0,1mol\)

\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)

 0,1       0,2              0,1                   ( mol )

\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)

                     0,1         0,1                   ( mol )

\(m_{CaCO_3}=n_{CaCO_3}.M_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100=10g\)

\(V_{O_2}=n_{O_2}.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)

\(V_{kk}=V_{O_2}.5=4,48.5=22,4l\)

nCH4 = 1,6/16 = 0,1 (mol)

PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 -> (t°) CO2 + 2H2O

Mol: 0,1 ---> 0,2 ---> 0,1

CO2 + Ca(OH)2 -> CaCO3 + H2O

Mol: 0,1 ---> 0,1 ---> 0,1

mCaCO3 = 0,1 . 100 = 10 (g)

Vkk = 0,2 . 5 . 22,4 = 22,4 (l)

Bài 7.

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06mol\Rightarrow n_C=0,06mol\Rightarrow m_C=0,72g\)

\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1,62}{18}=0,09mol\Rightarrow n_H=0,18mol\Rightarrow m_H=0,18g\)

Ta có \(m_C+m_H=m_X\Rightarrow X\) chỉ chứa C và H.

Gọi CTHH là \(C_xH_y\)

\(x:y=\dfrac{m_C}{12}:\dfrac{m_H}{1}=\dfrac{0,72}{12}:\dfrac{0,18}{1}=0,06:0,18=1:3\)

\(\Rightarrow CH_3\)

Gọi CTPT là \(\left(CH_3\right)_n\Rightarrow M=15n\) (n∈N*)

Mà theo bài:

 \(22< M_X< 38\Rightarrow22< 15n< 38\Rightarrow1,467< n< 2,53\)

\(\Rightarrow n=2\Rightarrow C_2H_6\)

Chất X không làm mất màu dung dịch brom.

\(C_2H_6+Cl_2\underrightarrow{as}C_2H_5Cl+HCl\)