a) ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{2;-2\right\}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}-\dfrac{5}{x+2}=\dfrac{12}{x^2-4}+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\dfrac{5\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{12}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{x^2-4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)

Suy ra: \(x^2+3x+2-5x+10=12+x^2-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+12-8-x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2x+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2x=-4\)

hay x=2(loại)

Vậy: \(S=\varnothing\)

b) Ta có: \(\left|2x+6\right|-x=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+6\right|=x+3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+6=x+3\left(x\ge-3\right)\\-2x-6=x+3\left(x< -3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-x=3-6\\-2x-x=3+6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\left(nhận\right)\\x=-3\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={-3}

=> x( x^  - 5) -(x^3 - 8) = 0

=> x^ 3 - 5x -x^3 +8 = 0

=> 5x = 8 

=> x = 8/5

\(\dfrac{1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x-4\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x-4\right)\left(x-5\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x-6\right)}=\dfrac{1}{10}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x-1}-\dfrac{1}{x-2}+\dfrac{1}{x-2}-\dfrac{1}{x-3}+\dfrac{1}{x-3}-....+\dfrac{1}{x-5}-\dfrac{1}{x-6}=\dfrac{1}{10}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x-1}-\dfrac{1}{x-6}=\dfrac{1}{10}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-6-x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-6\right)}=\dfrac{1}{10}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-7x+56=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-2.\dfrac{7}{2}x+\dfrac{49}{4}+\dfrac{175}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{7}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{175}{4}>0\)

Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm 

ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{1;2;3;4;5;6\right\}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x-4\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x-4\right)\left(x-5\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x-6\right)}=\dfrac{1}{10}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x-2}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{x-3}-\dfrac{1}{x-2}+\dfrac{1}{x-4}+\dfrac{1}{x-3}+\dfrac{1}{x-5}-\dfrac{1}{x-4}+\dfrac{1}{x-6}-\dfrac{1}{x-5}=\dfrac{1}{10}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x-6}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}=\dfrac{1}{10}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{10\left(x-1\right)}{10\left(x-6\right)\left(x-1\right)}-\dfrac{10\left(x-6\right)}{10\left(x-1\right)\left(x-6\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-6\right)}{10\left(x-1\right)\left(x-6\right)}\)

Suy ra: \(x^2-7x+6=10x-10-10x+60\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-7x+6=50\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-7x-44=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-11x+4x-44=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-11\right)+4\left(x-11\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-11\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-11=0\\x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=11\left(nhận\right)\\x=-4\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={11;-4}

ĐKXĐ : \(x\notin\left\{1;2;...;6\right\}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x-6\right)}=\dfrac{1}{10}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)-\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}+...+\dfrac{\left(x-5\right)-\left(x-6\right)}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x-6\right)}=\dfrac{1}{10}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x-2}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{x-3}-\dfrac{1}{x-2}+...+\dfrac{1}{x-6}-\dfrac{1}{x-5}=\dfrac{1}{10}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x-6}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}=\dfrac{1}{10}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-6\right)}=\dfrac{5}{50}\\ \Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-6\right)=50\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-7x-44=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-11\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=11\end{matrix}\left(t.m\right)\)

\(\dfrac{x-1}{x-2}+\dfrac{5}{x+2}=\dfrac{12}{x^2-4}+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-2+5x-10=12+x^2-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow6x-12=8\)

=>6x=20

hay x=10/3(nhận)

ĐKXĐ:\(x\ne\pm2\)

\(\dfrac{1-x}{2-x}+\dfrac{5}{x+2}=\dfrac{12}{x^2-4}+1\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{5\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\dfrac{12}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2+x-2+5x-10-12-x^2+4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=0\\ \Rightarrow6x-20=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{10}{3}\left(tm\right)\)

ta có : x^5+2x^4+3x^3+3x^2+2x+1=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\)x^5+x^4+x^4+x^3+2x^3+2x^2+x^2+x+x+1=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\)(x^5+x^4)+(x^4+x^3)+(2x^3+2x^2)+(x^2+x)+(x+1)=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\)x^4(x+1)+x^3(x+1)+2x^2(x+1)+x(x+1)+(x+1)=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\)(x+1)(x^4+x^3+2x^2+x+1)=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\)(x+1)(x^4+x^3+x^2+x^2+x+1)=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\)(x+1)[x^2(x^2+x+1)+(x^2+x+1)]=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\)(x+1)(x^2+x+1)(x^2+1)=0

VÌ x^2+x+1=(x+\(\dfrac{1}{2}\))^2+\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)\(\ne0\) và x^2+1\(\ne0\)

\(\Rightarrow\)x+1=0

\(\Rightarrow\)x=-1

CÒN CÂU B TỰ LÀM (02042006)

b: x^4+3x^3-2x^2+x-3=0

=>x^4-x^3+4x^3-4x^2+2x^2-2x+3x-3=0

=>(x-1)(x^3+4x^2+2x+3)=0

=>x-1=0

=>x=1

Ta có:

\(\left(x-3\right)^4+\left(x-5\right)^4=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4+1\right)^4+\left(x-4-1\right)^4=2\)

Đặt: \(y=x-4\) ta có: 

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+1\right)^4+\left(y-1\right)^4=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^4-4y^3+6y^2-4y+1+y^4+4y^3+6y^2+4y+1=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2y^4+12y^2+2=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2y^4+12y^2=2-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2y^4+12y^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2\left(y^2+6\right)=0\)

Mà: \(y^2+6\ge6>0\forall x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=4\)

a) / x + 5 / +3/ x - 2/ = / x + 4/ ( 1)

Lập bảng xét dấu , ta có :

*) Với : x < - 5 , ta có:

( 1 ) ⇔ - x - 5 + 3( 2 - x) = - x - 4

⇔ - x - 5 + 6 - 3x = - x - 4

⇔ 1 - 4x = -x - 4

⇔ 3x = 5

⇔ x = \(\dfrac{5}{3}\) ( không thỏa mãn )

*) Với : - 5 ≤ x < - 4 , ta có :

( 1) ⇔ x + 5 + 3( 2 - x ) = - x - 4

⇔ x + 5 + 6 - 3x = -x - 4

⇔ 11 - 2x = - x - 4

⇔ x = 15 ( không thỏa mãn )

*) Với : - 4 ≤ x < 2 , ta có :

( 1) ⇔ x + 5 + 3( 2 - x) = x + 4

⇔ x + 5 + 6 - 3x = x + 4

⇔ 11 - 2x = x + 4

⇔ 3x = 7

⇔ x = \(\dfrac{7}{3}\) ( không thỏa mãn )

*) Với : x ≥ 2 , ta có :

( 1) ⇔ x + 5 + 3( x - 2) = x + 4

⇔ x + 5 + 3x - 6 = x + 4

⇔ 4x - 1 = x + 4

⇔3x = 5

⇔ x = \(\dfrac{5}{3}\) ( không thỏa mãn )

Vậy , PT trên vô nghiệm

\(\left(2x+4\right)\left(x-3\right)-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)=x\left(x+5\right)\)

\(2\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)=x\left(x+5\right)\)

\(\left(x+2\right)\left(2x-6-x+4\right)=x\left(x+5\right)\)

\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)-x^2-5x=0\)

\(x^2-2x+2x-4-x^2-5x=0\)

\(-5x-4=0\)

\(-5x=4\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(x=\frac{-4}{5}\)

\(\left(x-2\right)^2=\left(2x-4\right)\left(x+5\right)\)

\(\left(x-2\right)^2-2\left(x-2\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\)

\(\left(x-2\right)\left(x-2-2x-10\right)=0\)

\(\left(x-2\right)\left(-x-12\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\-x-12=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=-12\end{cases}}}\)

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