a)

Gọi : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 27a + 56b = 1,66(1)

\(2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe +2 HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\)

Theo PTHH :

\(n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{1,12}{22,4} = 0,05(2)\)

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,02 ; b = 0,02

Vậy :

\(\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,02.27}{1,66}.100\% = 32,53\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 32,53\% = 67,47\%\)

a)

\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,05.2 = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,1.36,5}{100}.100\% = 3,65\%\)

Đặt \(\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}=>27a+56b=13,8\left(1\right)\)

Pt : \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

        a                                       \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)a

        \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

          b                                   b

 \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45\left(mol\right)=>1,5a+b=0,45\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1),(2) ta có hệ phương trình : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=13,8\\1,5a+b=0,45\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

Ta có: 27n_Al + 56n_Fe = 13,8 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐLBT e, có: 3n_Al + 2n_Fe = 2n_H2 = 0,9 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}\\n_{Fe}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}64x+56y=24,4\\2x+3y=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}.3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,285\\y=0,11\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=74,75\%\\\%m_{Fe}=25,25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{ZnCl_2}\\n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0.3\cdot65}{35,5}\cdot100\%\approx54,93\%\\\%m_{Cu}=45,07\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{500}\cdot100\%=4,38\%\\m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3\cdot136=40,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=35,5-0,3\cdot65=16\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{Cu}-m_{H_2}=518,9\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{40,8}{518,9}\cdot100\%\approx7,86\%\)

Chất rắn A là Ag vì ko phản ứng với HCl

PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Zn}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,1\cdot65=6,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Ag}=10-6,5=3,5\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

m(rắn)=mAg=3(g); nH2=6,72/22,4=0,3(mol)

2 Al +3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2

nAl=2/3. 0,3=0,2(mol) => mAl=0,2.27=5,4(g)

=> \(\%mAl=\dfrac{5,4}{5,4+3}.100\approx64,3\%\)

=> CHỌN B

\(n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Al+3H_2SO_{4\left(l\right)}\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

0,2<---------------------------------------0,3

\(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{r_{bđ}}=5,4+3=8,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4.100\%}{8,4}\approx64,3\%\)

=>B