\(a+b=-c\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=-c^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=-c^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=-3ab\left(a+b\right)=3abc\)

\(A=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{abc}=\dfrac{3abc}{abc}=3\)

\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}bc=-ab-ac\\ab=-bc-ac\\ac=-ab-bc\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(M=\dfrac{1}{a^2+bc-ab-ac}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+ac-ab-bc}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+ab-bc-ac}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{a\left(a-b\right)-c\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b\left(b-c\right)-a\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(c-a\right)-b\left(c-a\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{b-c-\left(a-c\right)+a-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=0\)

ta chỉ cần cho a, b, c, thỏa mãn điều kiện

ví dụ ta cho a =1 ,b = -2 , c = 1

sau đó gán a, b, c đã thỏa mã điều kiện cho vào biểu thức

thì ta sẽ đươc kết quả giá trị của biểu thức là \(\dfrac{-5}{6}\)

vậy P =\(\dfrac{-5}{6}\)

Theo bài ra , ta có :

a+b+c = 0

(=) a+b = -c

(=) (a+b)² = c²

(=) a² + 2ab + b² = c²

(=) a² + b² - c² = -2ab

CMTT , ta có :

b² + c² - a² = -2bc

c² + a² - b² = -2ac

=) P = -1/2 + -1/2 + -1/2 = -3/2

âm 3/2 nha

\(1,a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow a=-b-c\Leftrightarrow a^2=b^2+2bc+c^2\Leftrightarrow b^2+c^2=a^2-2bc\)

Tương tự: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2=c^2-2ab\\c^2+a^2=b^2-2ac\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow N=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2-a^2+2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2-b^2+2ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2-c^2+2ac}\\ \Leftrightarrow N=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ac}+\dfrac{c^2}{2bc}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc+3abc}{2abc}\\ \Leftrightarrow N=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+3abc}{2abc}\\ \Leftrightarrow N=\dfrac{3abc}{2abc}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Bài 1:

Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)+c^3-3a^2b-3ab^2-3abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\left(do.a+b+c\ne0\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(a-c\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

\(M=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\dfrac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\dfrac{3a^2}{9a^2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Bài 2:

a) \(=\dfrac{x\left(x^2+x-6\right)}{x\left(x^2-4\right)}=\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}{x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{x+3}{x+2}\)

b) \(=\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)+7\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+7\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{x+7}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{x+7}{x^2+x}\)

Bài 2:

a) \(A=\dfrac{a^2}{bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{ab}\)

\(A=\dfrac{a^3}{abc}+\dfrac{b^3}{abc}+\dfrac{c^3}{abc}\)

\(A=\dfrac{1}{abc}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)

\(A=\dfrac{1}{abc}\left[\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3\right]\)

Vì \(a+b+c=0\)

Nên a + b = -c (1)

Thay (1) vào A, ta được:

\(A=\dfrac{1}{abc}\left[\left(-c\right)^3-3ab\left(-c\right)+c^3\right]\)

\(A=\dfrac{1}{abc}.3abc\)

\(A=3\)

b) \(B=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2-b^2-c^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2-c^2-a^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2-a^2-b^2}\)

\(B=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2-\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2-\left(c^2+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2-\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)

Vì \(a+b+c=0\)

Nên b + c = -a

=> ( b + c )² = (-a)²

=> b² + c² + 2bc = a²

=> b² + c² = a² - 2bc (1)

Tương tự ta có: c² + a² = b² - 2ac (2)

a² + b² = c - 2ab (3)

Thay (1), (2) và (3) vào B, ta được:

\(B=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2-\left(a^2-2bc\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2-\left(b^2-2ac\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2-\left(c^2-2ab\right)}\)

\(B=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2-a^2+2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2-b^2+2ac}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2-c^2+2ab}\)

\(B=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ac}+\dfrac{c^2}{2ab}\)

\(B=\dfrac{a^3}{2abc}+\dfrac{b^3}{2abc}+\dfrac{c^3}{2abc}\)

\(B=\dfrac{1}{2abc}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)

Mà \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\) ( câu a )

\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{1}{2abc}.3abc\)

\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Bài 1:

a) GT: abc = 2

\(M=\dfrac{a}{ab+a+2}+\dfrac{b}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{2c}{ac+2c+2}\)

\(M=\dfrac{a}{ab+a+abc}+\dfrac{b}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{2cb}{abc+2cb+2b}\)

\(M=\dfrac{a}{a\left(b+1+bc\right)}+\dfrac{b}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{2cb}{2+2cb+2b}\)

\(M=\dfrac{1}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{b}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{2cb}{2\left(1+cb+b\right)}\)

\(M=\dfrac{1}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{b}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{bc}{bc+b+1}\)

\(M=\dfrac{1+b+bc}{bc+b+1}\)

\(M=1\)

b) GT: abc = 1

\(N=\dfrac{a}{ab+a+1}+\dfrac{b}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{c}{ac+c+1}\)

\(N=\dfrac{a}{ab+a+abc}+\dfrac{b}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{cb}{b\left(ac+c+1\right)}\)

\(N=\dfrac{a}{a\left(b+1+bc\right)}+\dfrac{b}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{bc}{abc+bc+b}\)

\(N=\dfrac{1}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{b}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{bc}{bc+b+1}\)

\(N=\dfrac{1+b+bc}{bc+b+1}\)

\(N=1\)

Ta có: a+b+c=0\(\Leftrightarrow\)b+c=-a

Bình phương hai vế có: (b+c)²=a²

⇔ b²+2bc+c²=a²\(\Leftrightarrow\) b²+c²-a²=-2bc

Tương tự, ta có: c²+a²-b²=-2ca

                           a²+b²-c²=-2ab

→ A=\(-\dfrac{1}{2bc}-\dfrac{1}{2ca}-\dfrac{1}{2ab}=\dfrac{-\left(a+b+c\right)}{2abc}=0\)(vì a+b+c=0)

Vậy A=0

\(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}=\dfrac{bc}{b+c}=\dfrac{ca}{c+a}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}=\dfrac{b+c}{bc}=\dfrac{c+a}{ca}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{1}{c}\\\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{1}{b}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)

\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{a^2+a^2+a^2}{a^2+a^2+a^2}=1\)