M + 2nHNO3 => M(NO3)n + 2nNO + H2O

M + 2nHNO3 --> M(NO3)n + 2nNO + H2O

M_xO_y + 2nHNO₃ \(\rightarrow\)M(NO₃)_n + 2nNO + H₂O.

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3MxOy + (4nx - 2y)HNO3 = 3xM(NO3)n + (nx - 2y)NO + (2nx - y)H2O

3FexOy + (12x-2y)HNO3 3xFe(NO3)3 + (3x-2y)NO + (6x-y)H2O

3MxOy + (4nx - 2y)HNO3 = 3xM(NO3)n + (nx - 2y)NO + (2nx - y)H2O

a) 2M_xO_y + \(\left(6x-2y\right)\)H₂SO₄ → \(x\)M₂(SO₄)₃ + \(\left(3x-2y\right)\)SO₂ + \(\left(6x-2y\right)\)H₂O

b) \(3\)M_xO_y + \(\left(12x-2y\right)\)HNO₃ → \(3x\)M(NO₃)₃ + \(\left(3x-2y\right)\)NO + \(\left(6x-y\right)\)H₂O

\(1\\ FeS \to Fe^{3+} + S^{+6} + 9e\\ N^{+5} \to N^{+4} + 1e\\ FeS + 12HNO_3 \to Fe(NO_3)_3 + H_2SO_4 + 9NO_2 + 5H_2O\)

\(2\\ M^0 \to M^{+3} + 3e\\ N^{+5} + 3e \to N^{+2}\\ M + 4HNO_3 \to M(NO_3)_3 + NO + 2H_2O\)

\(xM^{\dfrac{2y}{x}} \to xM^{+n} + (xn-2y)e\\ S^{+6} + 2e \to S^{+4} \\ S^{+6} + 8e \to S^{-2}\\ 10M_xO_y + (5n+2xn-4y)H_2SO_4 \to 5xM_2(SO_4)_n + (xn-2y)SO_2 + (xn-2y)H_2S +(5n+xn-2y) H_2O\)

điều kiện để pư trên là pư oxi hóa-khử:

x=2

1≤y≤2

Chất OXH là \(N^{+5}\)\(\Rightarrow M^{+\frac{2y}{x}}\text{ là chất khử}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2y}{x}< 3\Rightarrow2y< 3x\)

M_xO_y + 2yHNO₃ -> xM(NO₃)_2y/x + yH₂O

a)\(3M+4nHNO_3-->3M\left(NO_3\right)_n+nNO+2nH_2O\)

b)

\(2M+2nH_2SO_4-->M_2\left(SO_4\right)_n+nSO_2+2nH_2O\)

c)

\(8M+30HNO_3-->8M\left(NO_3\right)_3+3N_2O+15H_2O\)

d)

\(8M+10nHNO_3-->8M\left(NO_3\right)_n+nN_2O+5nH_2O\)

e)\(\left(5x-2y\right)Fe+\left(15x-3y\right)HNO_3-->\left(5x-2y\right)Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3+3N_xO_y+\left(\dfrac{15x-3y}{2}\right)H_2O\)

f) \(3Fe_xO_y+\left(6x+2y\right)HNO_3-->3xFe\left(NO_3\right)_3+\left(2y-3x\right)NO+\left(3x+y\right)H_2O\)

g)\(Fe_xO_y+\left(6x-2y\right)HNO_3-->xFe\left(NO_3\right)_3+\left(3x-2y\right)NO_2+\left(3x-y\right)H_2O\) h)\(Fe_xO_y+2yHCl-->xFeCl_{\dfrac{2y}{x}}+yH_2O\)

i)\(2Fe_xO_y+2yH_2SO_4-->xFe_2\left(SO_4\right)_{\dfrac{2y}{x}}+2yH_2O\)