Làm:
\(n_{CO2}\left(\text{đ}kc\right)=\frac{V}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=\frac{C\%.m\text{dd}}{100}=\frac{7,3.200}{100}=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\frac{m}{M}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
a, PTHH :
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl2 + H2O
P'ư: x---------------2x--------------x-----------x---(mol)
Al2O3 + HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2AlCl3+ 3H2O
P'ư: y-----------6y----------------2y------------3y---(mol)
CaCO3+ 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) CaCl2 + H2O+ CO2\(\uparrow\)
P'ư : 0,04---------0,08-----------0,04-----0,04------0,04 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\) dd B gồm : Mg(OH)2 , AlCl3, CaCl2
Có: 2x+6y = 0,4-0,08 = 0,32
\(-n_{NaOH}=C_M.V=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
2NaOH + Al2O3 \(\rightarrow\) 2NaAlO2 + H2O
P'ư: 0,04----------0,02--------------0,04---------0,02 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al2O3}=n.M=2,04\left(g\right)\)
2x+ 6.0,02 = 0,32
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0,1\Rightarrow n_{Mg\left(OH\right)2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg\left(OH\right)2}=n.M=5,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=5,8+2,04+0,04.100=11,84\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dd}B}=m_{hh}+m_{\text{dd}HCl}-m_{CO2}\)
\(=11,84+200-44.0,04=211,68\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{MgCl2}=\frac{m_{MgCl2}.100}{m_B}=4,5\%\)
\(C\%_{AlCl3}=\frac{m_{AlCl3}.100}{m_B}=2,5\%\)
\(C\%_{CaCl2}=2,1\%\)
b, \(m_{KOH}=\frac{m_{\text{dd}}.C\%}{100}=3,36\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=\frac{m}{M}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : 2KOH + CO2 \(\rightarrow\) H2O+ K2CO3
P'ư: 0,06-------0,03--------0,03------0,03----(mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{K2CO3}=n.M=4,14\left(g\right)\)