Tham khảo:

https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/hoa-tan-376-gam-hon-hop-gom-caco3-va-k2co3-vao-dung-dich-hcl-du-thu-duoc-672-lit-co2-tinh-khoi-luong-moi-muoi-trong-hon-hop-ban-dau.3422192419214

Đặt \(\begin{cases} n_{CaCO_3}=x(mol)\\ n_{K_2CO_3}=y(mol) \end{cases}\Rightarrow 100x+138y=37,6(1)\)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3(mol)\\ PTHH:CaCO_3+2HCl\to CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ K_2CO_3+2HCl\to 2KCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ \Rightarrow x+y=0,3(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=0,1(mol)\\ y=0,2(mol) \end{cases}\Rightarrow \begin{cases} m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100=10(g)\\ m_{K_2CO_3}=37,6-10=27,6(g) \end{cases} \)

Gọi số mol CaCO3 và K2CO3 lần lượt là x và y. 

Bảo toàn C ta được \(x+y=n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) 

PT2 \(100x+138y=37,6\left(g\right)\)

Giải hệ pt \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1.100}{37,6}.100\%=26,6\%\)

\(\%m_{K_2CO_3}=73,4\%\)

a)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200.14,6}{100.36,5}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: MgCO₃ + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

______a--------->2a-------->a-------->a

CaCO₃ + 2HCl --> CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

_b-------->2b-------->b------->b

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}84a+100b=28,4\\a+b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%MgCO_3=\dfrac{0,1.84}{28,4}.100\%=29,577\%\\\%CaCO_3=\dfrac{0,2.100}{28,4}.100\%=70,423\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) m_{dd sau pư} =  28,4 + 200 - 0,3.44 = 215,2 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%\left(MgCl_2\right)=\dfrac{0,1.95}{215,2}.100\%=4,4\%\\C\%\left(CaCl_2\right)=\dfrac{0,2.111}{215,2}.100\%=10,32\%\\C\%\left(HCl\right)=\dfrac{\left(0,8-2.0,1-2.0,2\right).36,5}{215,2}.100\%=3,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

cÂU 2.

\(n_Z=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaCO_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow100x+56y=25,6\left(1\right)\)

\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y=n_Z=0,3\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot100}{25,6}\cdot100\%=78,125\%\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-78,125\%=21,875\%\)

\(m_{muối}=m_{CaCl_2}+m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot111+0,1\cdot127=34,9g\)

BaCO3 +2 HCl -> BaCl2 + CO2 + H2O

a_____2a________a______a(mol)

CaCO3 +2 HCl -> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O

b____2b__________b___b(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}197a+100b=39,7\\a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{0,2.100}{39,7}.100\approx50,378\%\\ \rightarrow\%m_{BaCO_3}\approx100\%-50,378\%\approx49,622\%\)

Khối lượng muối trong Y:

\(m_Y=m_{BaCl_2}+m_{CaCl_2}=208.a+111.b\\ =208.0,1+111.0,2=43\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=x(mol);n_{NaHCO_3}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 106x+84y=3,8(1)\\ n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04(mol)\\ Na_2CO_3+2HCl\to 2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ NaHCO_3+HCl\to NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ \Rightarrow x+y=0,04(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=y=0,02(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} m_{Na_2CO_3}=106.0,02=2,12(g)\\ m_{NaHCO_3}=84.0,02=1,68(g) \end{cases}\)

không biết làm

Gọi mNa2CO3 là xnNa2CO3= x/106 mNaHCO3 là ynNaHCO3=y/84 Có x+y=3,8 PTHH: Na2CO3+2HCl2NaCl+H2O+CO2 x/106mol x/106mol PTHH:NaHCO3+HClNaCl+H2O+CO2 x/84mol x/84mol (x/84+x/106)x22,4=0,896 76x/159=0,896 x=1,8gam y=2gam

a) \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{6,675}{133,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

          0,05<-----------0,05---->0,075

=> \(\%Al=\dfrac{0,05.27}{14,15}.100\%=9,54\%\)

=> \(\%Cu=\dfrac{14,15-0,05.27}{14,15}.100\%=90,46\%\)

b) \(V_{H_2}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{14,15-0,05.27}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

          0,05->0,0375

           2Cu + O₂ --t^o--> 2CuO 

            0,2-->0,1

=> \(V_{O_2}=\left(0,1+0,0375\right).22,4=3,08\left(l\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ m_{AlCl_3}=6,675\left(mol\right)\\ n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{6,675}{133,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_A=0,05.27=1,35\left(g\right);m_{Cu}=14,15-1,35=12,8\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{14,15}.100\approx90,459\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Al}\approx9,541\%\\ b,n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,05=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ 2Cu+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CuO\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}.n_{Al}+\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,05+\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,0875\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,0875.22,4=1,96\left(l\right)\)

PTHH: 

Na2CO3 + 2HCl ---------->2NaCl + H2O + CO2 
x──────>2x─────────────────>x mol 
K2CO3 + 2HCl ---------->2KCl + H2O + CO2 
y─────>2y────────────────>y mol 

CO2 + Ca(OH)2 ---->CaCO3 + H2O 
0.3<───────────0.3 mol 
mol kết tủa la mol CaCO3 , nCaCO3 = 30 / 100 = 0.3 mol 

theo mol cO2 ta có: x + y = 0.3 mol 

theo khối lượng: 106 x + 138y = 38.2 

ta có hê: 
{x + y = 0.3 
{106 x + 138y = 38.2 

=> x = 0.1 ; y = 0.2 

=> mNa2CO3 = x*106 = 0.1 * 106 = 10.6 g 

=>%mNa2CO3 = 10.6 / 38.2 = 27.75 % 

=>%mK2CO3 = 100% - 27.75% = 72.25% 
_________________ 

mol HCl bằng: 2x + 2y = 2*0.1 + 2*0.2 = 0.6 mol 

=> mHCl = 0.6 *36.5 = 21.9 g 

vì [HCl] = 20% => m(ddHCl) = 21.9 / 20% = 109.5 g 

a, pthh: 
Na2CO3 + 2HCl ----> 2NaCl + H2O + CO2 
x---------------->2x------------------... (mol) 
K2CO3 + 2HCl ---------->2KCl + H2O + CO2 
y------------->2y---------------------... (mol) 
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 ---->CaCO3 + H2O 
0.3<--------------------------0.3 (mol) 
* Có: mol kết tủa là mol CaCO3 , nCaCO3 = 30 / 100 = 0.3 (mol) 
theo mol cO2 ta có: x + y = 0.3 (mol) 
theo khối lượng: 106 x + 138y = 38.2 
ta có hệ phương trình: 
{x + y = 0.3 
{106 x + 138y = 38.2 
=> x = 0.1 ; y = 0.2 
=> mNa2CO3 = x*106 = 0.1 * 106 = 10.6 (g) 
=>%mNa2CO3 = 10.6 / 38.2 = 27.75 % 
=>%mK2CO3 = 100% - 27.75% = 72.25% 
* Có: mol HCl bằng: 2x + 2y = 2*0.1 + 2*0.2 = 0.6 (mol) 
=> mHCl = 0.6 *36.5 = 21.9 (g) 
vì [HCl] = 20% => m(ddHCl) = 21.9 / 20% = 109.5 (g) 
b, pthh: 
Ba(OH)2 +2 HCl --->BaCl2 + 2H2O 
0.3<-----------0.6(mol) 
=> nBa(OH)2 = 0.3 (mol) 
=> mBa(OH)2 = 0.3 * 171 = 51.3 (g) 
200g BaOH)2 a% thì khói lượng Ba(OH)22 nguyên chất là: 51.3 (g) 
ta có: 51.3 / 200 * 100% = a% 
<=> a = 25.65 % 
Đ/S: 
a,% m Na2CO3 = 27.75% 
% m K2CO3 = 72.25 % 
mHCl = 21.9 (g) 
b, a=25.65%

PTHH:

Na2CO3 + 2HCl -----> 2NaCl + H2O + CO2   (1)

K2CO3 + 2HCl -----> 2KCl + H2O + CO2      (2)

NaOH + HCl ----> NaCl + H2O      (3)

Gọi n Na2CO3 = a  ,  n K2CO3 = b (mol)

Theo pt(1)(2) tổng n CO2= a+b=\(\frac{5,6}{22,4}\)=0,25  (I)

n HCl = 1,5 . 0,4= 0,6 (mol)

Theo pt(1)(2) tổng n HCl pư=2 (a+b)=0,5 (mol)

==> n HCl dư= 0,1 mol

Theo pt(3) n NaCl= n HCl=0,1 mol   ==> m NaCl=5,85 (g)

Theo pt(1)(2) n NaCl=2a  ==> m NaCl= 117a

                       n KCl=2b ==> m KCl= 149b

===> 117a + 149b + 5,85 = 39,9

-----> 117a + 149b = 34,05 (II)

Từ (I)và (II) ==> a=0,1 và b=0,15

==>m hh = 0,1 . 106 + 0,15 . 138= 31,3(g)

m Na2CO3=10,6 (g)

%m Na2CO3 = \(\frac{10,6}{31,3}\) . 100%= 33,87%

%m K2CO3 = 10% - 33,87% = 66,13%