a)

4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)

=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

             a--->0,75a----->0,5a

            2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

              b--->0,5b------->b

=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2

=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)

n_O2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)

=> V_O2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

=> V_kk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)

c) 

m_Al = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)

m_Mg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)

a)

4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)

=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

             a--->0,75a----->0,5a

            2Mg + O₂ --t^o--> 2MgO

              b--->0,5b------->b

=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2

=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)

n_O2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)

=> V_O2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

=> V_kk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)

c) 

m_Al = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)

m_Mg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)

a, Vì đốt cháy X trong khí O₂ thu được CO₂ và H₂O nên X chắc chắn có nguyên tố C và H, có thể có O.

b, Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m_X + m_O2 = m_CO2 + m_H2O

⇒ m_O2 = m_CO2 + m_H2O - m_X = 47,49 + 21,42 - 15,46 = 53,45 (g)

\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{53,45}{32}1,6703125\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1,6703125.22,4=37,415\left(l\right)\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

a. Ag không phản ứng nên ta có PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2MgO\)

\(\rightarrow m_{O_2}=m_{hh}-m_{\mu\text{ối}}=18,8-15,6=3,2g\)

\(\rightarrow n_{O_2}=\frac{3,2}{32}=0,1mol\)

b. \(\rightarrow V_{O_2}=n.22,4=22,4.0,1=2,24l\)

\(\rightarrow V_{kk}=4,48.5=11,2l\)

c. Có \(n_{Mg}=2n_{O_2}=0,2l\)

\(\rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8g\)

\(\rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\frac{4,8.100}{15,6}\approx30,77\%\)

\(\rightarrow\%m_{Ag}=100\%-30,77\%=69,23\%\)

Bài 1 :

\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(4Na+O_2\rightarrow2Na_2O\)

..0,1....0,025....0,05.......

a, \(V_{O_2}=n.22,4=0,56\left(l\right)\)

b, \(m=m_{Na_2o}=n.M=3,1\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2 :

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\)

..0,1...0,075...

\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)

Mà : \(\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(Mg\right)}=0,4-0,075=0,325\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow2MgO\)

.0,65.....0,325........

\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=15,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=2,7+15,6=18,3\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=~14,75\\\%Mg=~85,25\end{matrix}\right.\) %

Bài 3 :

- Gọi số mol Al và Mg lần lượt là x , y

\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\)

..x....0,75x

\(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow2MgO\)

..y........0,5y...........

Có : \(n_{O_2}=0,75x+0,5y=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\left(I\right)\)

Lại có : \(m_{hh}=m_{Al}+m_{Mg}=27x+24y=3,9\left(II\right)\)

- Giair ( i ) và ( ii ) ta được : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol )

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=~69,23\\\%Mg=~30,77\end{matrix}\right.\) %

Vậy ...

\(m_{Al}=27,8.19,2\%=5,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{Fe}=27,8-5,4=22,4\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH:

4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

0,2-->0,15------->0,1

3Fe + 2O₂ --t^o--> Fe₃O₄

0,4-->4/15--------->2/15

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{kk}=\left(0,15+\dfrac{4}{15}\right).22,4.5=\dfrac{140}{3}\left(l\right)\\m_{Cran}=0,1.102+\dfrac{2}{15}.232=\dfrac{617}{15}\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

mAl=27,8.19,42%=5,4g

⇒nAl=\(\dfrac{5,4}{27}\)=0,2mol

⇒nFe=\(\dfrac{27,8-5,4}{56}\)=0,4mol

4Al+3O2to→2Al2O34

3Fe+2O2to→Fe3O4

⇒nO2=\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)nAl+\(\dfrac{2}{3}\)nFe=\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)mol

⇒Vkk=\(\dfrac{5}{12}\).22,4.5=46,67l

b,

mrắn=27,8+mO2=27,8+​​\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)32=41,1g

→⎧⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎨⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎩Vkk=(0,15+415

\(a,n_{Al}=\dfrac{19,2\%.27,8}{27}=\dfrac{1112}{5625}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{\left(100\%-19,2\%\right).27,8}{56}=\dfrac{14039}{35000}\left(mol\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ 3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\\ n_{O_2\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{1112}{5625}.0,75+\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{14039}{35000}\approx0,4156762\left(mol\right)\\ V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}\approx0,4156762.5.22,4\approx46,5557344\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1112}{5625}}{2}=\dfrac{556}{5625}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{14039}{35000}}{3}=\dfrac{14039}{105000}\left(mol\right)\\ m_{rắn}=\dfrac{14039}{105000}.232+\dfrac{556}{5625}.102=41,1016381\left(g\right)\)