Bài 14

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1.4}{22,4}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_P=\dfrac{2.5}{31}=0,0806451\left(mol\right)\)

4P  +  5O₂ ----t^o--->2P₂O₅

Xét tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0.0625}{5}< \dfrac{0.0806451}{4}\)

=> P ko cháy hết 

bài 15

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi n_Fe = a ( mol ) và n_S = b (mol )

PTHH : 

S + O₂ ---t^o---> SO₂

3Fe + 2O₂ ----t^o----> Fe₃O₄

Ta có 32b + 56a= 100

Theo PT : n_S = n_O2 = b (mol)

Theo PT : n_O2 = 2/3 n_Fe = 2/3a ( mol)

=> 2/3a + b = 1,5 

Từ những điều trên  \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}56a+32b=100\\\dfrac{2}{3}a+b=1,5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1,5\left(mol\right)\\b=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{Fe}=1,5.56=84\left(g\right)\)

\(m_S=0,5.32=16\left(g\right)\)

Bài 16 :

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11.2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Ta thấy : 0,5 > 0,2 => H₂ dư , CuO đủ

PTHH : CuO + H₂ -> Cu + H₂O

             0,2        0,2     0,2   

\(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,2\right).2=0,6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ 4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}2P_2O_5\\ 0,12........0,15.........0,06\left(mol\right)\\ m_P=0,12.31=3,72\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4P + 5O₂ ---t^o---> 2P₂O₅.

Theo PT: n_P = \(\dfrac{4}{5}.n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{5}.0,15=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

=> m_P = 31 . 0,12 = 3,72(g)

Hóa mà s lại Toán ??

\(a.PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)

\(b.n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_P=\dfrac{0,5}{5}.4=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_P=0,4.31=12,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{O_2}=0,5.32=16\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_P+m_{O_2}=m_{P_2O_5}\\ m_{P_2O_5}=24,8+16=40,8\left(g\right)\)

a) \(PTHH:4P+5O_2\) → \(2P_2O_5\)

b) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}}{22,4}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH:

⇒ \(n_P=\dfrac{4}{5}.n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{5}.0,5=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_P=n.M=0,4.31=12,4\left(g\right)\)

c) Theo định luật bảo toàn khối lượng

⇒ \(m_P+m_{O_2}=m_{P_2O_5}\)

⇒ \(m_{P_2O_5}=?\)

a) 4P + 5O2 -> 2P2O5

0,4mol<-0,5mol->0,2mol(1)

0,8mol              ->0,4mol(2)

nO2=11,2/22,4=0,5mol

nP=24,8/31=0,8mol

b)mP=0,4x31=12,4g

c)mP2O5=0,4x142=56,8

a: \(C+O_2\rightarrow CO_2\)(ĐK: t độ)

x         x          x

\(S+O_2\rightarrow SO_2\)(ĐK: t độ)

y       y         y

b: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)

Theo đề, ta có hệ:

12x+32y=10 và x+y=0,5

=>x=0,3 và y=0,2

\(m_C=0.3\cdot12=3.6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_S=0.2\cdot32=6.4\left(g\right)\)

c: \(n_{CO_2}=n_C=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{SO_2}=n_S=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{khí}=22.4\left(0.3+0.2\right)=11.2\left(lít\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(C+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2\)

x       x               x 

\(S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\)

y      y                y

Gọi n C = x 

     n S = y (mol)

Ta có hệ PT :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}12x+32y=10\\x+y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow x=0,3;y=0,2\)

\(m_C=0,3.12=3,6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_S=0,2.32=6,4\left(g\right)\)

\(c,V_{hhk}=\left(0,3+0,2\right).22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)

a) 4P + 5O₂ --t^o--> 2P₂O₅

b) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{16}{32}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4P + 5O₂ --t^o--> 2P₂O₅

            0,4<--0,5------->0,2

=> m_P2O5 = 0,2.142 = 28,4 (g)

c_ m_P = 0,4.31 = 12,4 (g)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{16}{32}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4P + 5O₂ --to--> 2P₂O₅

           0,4      0,5             0,2

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{P_2O_5}=0,2.142=28,4\left(g\right)\\m_P=0,4.31=12,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)