\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{12,32}{22,4}=0,55mol\)

\(2Fe+6H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O+3SO_2\uparrow\)

 x          3x               0,5x                3x           1,5x

\(2Ag+2H_2SO_4\rightarrow2H_2O+SO_2\uparrow+Ag_2SO_4\)

y           y                      y       0,5y        0,5y

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1,5x+0,5y=0,55\\56x+108y=38,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a)\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot56}{38,4}\cdot100\%=43,75\%\)

\(\%m_{Ag}=100\%-43,75\%=56,25\%\)

b)\(m_{muối}=m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+m_{Ag_2SO_4}\)

\(\Rightarrow muối=0,5\cdot0,3\cdot400+0,5\cdot0,2\cdot312=91,2g\)

c)Cho hỗn hợp trên tác dụng \(H_2SO_4\) loãng chỉ có Fe tác dụng.

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

0,3      0,3                           0,3

\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72l\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15(mol)\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\to ZnSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,15.65}{15,75}.100\%=61,9\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Cu}=100\%-61,9\%=38,1\%\\ b,n_{ZnSO_4}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4}=0,15.161=24,15(g)\)

n Al = a(mol) ; n Fe = b(mol)

=> 27a + 56b = 20,65(1)

2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2

a...........1,5a............0,5a............1.5a..(mol)

Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2

b...........b..............b............b......(mol)

=> n H2 = 1,5a + b = 0,725(2)

Từ 1,2 suy ra a = 0,35 ; b = 0,2

Suy ra :

%m Al = 0,35.27/20,65  .100% = 45,76%
%m Fe = 100% -45,76% = 54,24%

m H2SO4 = (1,5a + b).98 = 71,05 gam

m muối = m kim loại + m H2SO4 -m H2 = 20,65 + 71,05 -0,725.2 = 90,25 gam

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

           0,1<----------------------------0,15

=> \(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{7,5}.100\%=36\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-36\%=64\%\)

b) \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{7,5-0,1.27}{64}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Cu + 2H₂SO₄ --> CuSO₄ + SO₂ + 2H₂O

          0,075------------------------>0,075

            2Al + 6H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3SO₂ + 6H₂O

              0,1----------------------------->0,15

=> V_SO2 = (0,075 + 0,15).22,4 = 5,04 (l)

\(m_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3mol\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

0,2        0,3               0,1                0,3

\(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4g\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6l\\ C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,6}=\dfrac{1}{6}\approx0,167M\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

x            2x        x             x 

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

y          2y             y        y 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,5\\24x+56y=23,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=0,15;y=0,35\)

\(a,m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=19,6\left(g\right)\)

\(b,m_{HCl}=\left(0,3+0,7\right).36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=1,14.200=228\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%=\dfrac{36,5}{228}.100\%=16\%\)

\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\\ n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=23,2\\a+b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,15;b=0,35mol\\ m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6g\\ m_{Fe}=23,2-3,6=19,6g\\ b.m_{HCl}=\left(0,15+0,35\right).2.36,5=36,5g\\ m_{ddHCl}=1,14.200=228g\\ C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{36,5}{228}\cdot100=16,01\%\)

Vì Ag không tác dụng với H₂SO₄ loãng 

Pt : \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2|\)

         2           3                    1              3

       0,3                                               0,45

\a) Chất rắn không tan là Ag nên : 

\(m_{Ag}=5,4\left(g\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Al}=13,5-5,4=8,1\left(g\right)\)

⁰/₀Al = \(\dfrac{8,1.100}{13,5}=60\)⁰/₀

⁰/₀Ag = \(\dfrac{5,4.100}{13,5}=40\)⁰/₀

b) Có : \(m_{Al}=8,1\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,3.3}{2}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

Tr oi cuu với ạ

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + H₂SO₄ --> FeSO₄ + H₂

_____0,15<--------------0,15<---0,15

=> m_Fe = 0,15.56 = 8,4 (g)

=> m_Cu = 11,6 - 8,4 = 3,2 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{8,4}{11,6}.100\%=72,414\%\\\%Cu=\dfrac{3,2}{11,6}.100\%=27,586\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

m_FeSO4 = 0,15.152 = 22,8 (g)