Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,796.0,5=0,398\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=0,796.0,75=0,597\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,368}{22,4}=0,195\left(mol\right)\)

BTNT H, có: \(n_{HCl}+2n_{H_2SO_4}=2n_{H_2}+2n_{H_2O}\Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=0,601\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m _hh + m _axit = m _muối + m_H2 + m_H2O

⇒ m = m _muối = 26,43 + 0,398.36,5 + 0,597.98 - 0,195.2 - 0,601.18 = 88,255 (g)

$n_{HCl} = 0,8.0,5 = 0,4(mol) ; n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,6(mol) ;n_{H_2} = 0,2(mol)$

$n_{H(trong\ axit)} = 0,4 + 0,6.2 = 1,6(mol)$

Bảo toàn H : $n_{H_2O} = \dfrac{n_{H(trong\ axit)} - 2n_{H_2} }{2} = 0,6(mol)$
Bảo toàn khối lượng : 

$m = 88,7 + 0,6.18 + 0,2.2 - 0,4.36,5 -  0,6.98 = 26,5(gam)$

n _HCl =  \(0,796.2\) =1,592 (mol) 
n _H2 = \(\dfrac{4,368}{22,4}\)=0,195 (mol) 
Bảo toàn nguyên tố H

=> n _H2O =\(\dfrac{1,592-0,195.2}{2}\) = 0,601 (mol)
=> m _H2O = 10,818 g
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng :

m _{muối khan} = m _{hỗn hợp} + m _axit - m _H2O - m_H2
=> 26,43 + 1,592.36,5 - 10,818 - 0,195.2
= 73,33 g

\(n_{HCl}=0,8.0,5=0,4\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=0,8.0,75=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{Cl^-}=0,4\left(mol\right);n_{SO_4^{2-}}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố H:

\(n_{HCl}.1+n_{H_2SO_4}.2=n_{H_2}.2+n_{H_2O}.2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0,4.1+0,6.2=0,2.2+n_{H_2O}.2\)

=>\(n_{H_2O}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_O=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{muối}=m_{kimloai}+m_{Cl^-}+m_{SO_4^{2-}}\)

=>\(m_{kimloai}=88,7-35,5.0,4-0,6.96=16,9\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m=m_{kimloai}+m_O=16,9+0,6.16=26,5\left(g\right)\)

Đáp án A

Chọn B

Tham khảo

\(\overline{M}=\dfrac{28.nN_2+44.nN_2O}{nN_2+nN_2O}=20,4.2\left(1\right)\)

\(nN_2+nN_2O=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1), (2) suy ra\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}nN_2=0,02\\nN_2O=0,08\end{matrix}\right.\)

gọi x, y lần lượt là nAl và nMg

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mhh=27x+24y=9\\3x+2y=10.0,02+8.0,08\left(BTne\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,12\\y=0,24\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%mAl=\dfrac{mAl.100\%}{mhh}=\dfrac{0,12.27.100\%}{9}=36\%\)

Câu 1:

Gọi : nMg=a(mol); nMgO=b(mol) (a,b>0)

a) PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

a________2a_______a______a(mol)

MgO +2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2O

b_____2b_______b___b(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+40b=8,8\\22,4a=4,48\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mMg=0,2.24=4,8(g)

=>%mMg= (4,8/8,8).100=54,545%

=> %mMgO= 45,455%

b) m(muối)=mMg2+ + mCl- = 0,3. 24 + 0,6.35,5=28,5(g)

c) V=VddHCl=(2a+2b)/2=0,3(l)=300(ml)

Câu 2:

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,4\cdot2=0,8\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH: \(Ca+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

               0,2____0,4_____0,2____0,2   (mol)

           \(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\)

                0,2____0,4______0,2____0,2  (mol)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot40}{0,2\cdot40+0,2\cdot56}\cdot100\%\approx41,67\%\\\%m_{CaO}=58,33\%\\m_{CaCl_2}=\left(0,2+0,2\right)\cdot111=44,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)