a)  3 x 2 − 7 x − 10 ⋅ 2 x 2 + ( 1 − 5 ) x + 5 − 3 = 0

+ Giải (1):

3 x 2   –   7 x   –   10   =   0

Có a = 3; b = -7; c = -10

⇒ a – b + c = 0

⇒ (1) có hai nghiệm  x 1   =   - 1   v à   x 2   =   - c / a   =   10 / 3 .

+ Giải (2):

2 x 2   +   ( 1   -   √ 5 ) x   +   √ 5   -   3   =   0

Có a = 2; b = 1 - √5; c = √5 - 3

⇒ a + b + c = 0

⇒ (2) có hai nghiệm:

Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm 

b)

x 3 + 3 x 2 - 2 x - 6 = 0 ⇔ x 3 + 3 x 2 - ( 2 x + 6 ) = 0 ⇔ x 2 ( x + 3 ) - 2 ( x + 3 ) = 0 ⇔ x 2 - 2 ( x + 3 ) = 0

+ Giải (1): x 2   –   2   =   0   ⇔   x 2   =   2  ⇔ x = √2 hoặc x = -√2.

+ Giải (2): x + 3 = 0 ⇔ x = -3.

Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm S = {-3; -√2; √2}

c)

x 2 − 1 ( 0 , 6 x + 1 ) = 0 , 6 x 2 + x ⇔ x 2 − 1 ( 0 , 6 x + 1 ) = x ⋅ ( 0 , 6 x + 1 ) ⇔ x 2 − 1 ( 0 , 6 x + 1 ) − x ( 0 , 6 x + 1 ) = 0 ⇔ ( 0 , 6 x + 1 ) x 2 − 1 − x = 0

+ Giải (1): 0,6x + 1 = 0 ⇔ 

+ Giải (2):

x 2   –   x   –   1   =   0

Có a = 1; b = -1; c = -1

⇒   Δ   =   ( - 1 ) 2   –   4 . 1 . ( - 1 )   =   5   >   0

⇒ (2) có hai nghiệm 

Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm 

d)

x 2 + 2 x − 5 2 = x 2 − x + 5 2 ⇔ x 2 + 2 x − 5 2 − x 2 − x + 5 2 = 0 ⇔ x 2 + 2 x − 5 − x 2 − x + 5 ⋅ x 2 + 2 x − 5 + x 2 − x + 5 = 0 ⇔ ( 3 x − 10 ) 2 x 2 + x = 0

⇔ (3x-10).x.(2x+1)=0

+ Giải (1): 3x – 10 = 0 ⇔ 

+ Giải (2):

\(\left(1-x\right)\left(5x+3\right)=\left(3x-7\right)\left(x-1\right)\)

\(< =>\left(1-x\right)\left(5x+3+3x-7\right)=0\)

\(< =>\left(1-x\right)\left(8x-4\right)=0\)

\(< =>\orbr{\begin{cases}1-x=0\\8x-4=0\end{cases}< =>\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}}\)

\(\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)=x^2-4\)

\(< =>\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)

\(< =>\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1-x-2\right)=0\)

\(< =>-1\left(x-2\right)=0\)

\(< =>2-x=0< =>x=2\)

\(2x^3+3x^2-32x=48\)

\(< =>x^2\left(2x+3\right)-16\left(2x+3\right)=0\)

\(< =>\left(x^2-16\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\)

\(< =>\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\)

\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\x=-4\\x=-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\)

\(a,x-5\left(x-2\right)=6x\\ \Leftrightarrow x-5x+10-6x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-10x+10=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x=1\\ b,2^3+3x^2-32x=48\\ \Leftrightarrow3x^2-32x+8=48\\ \Leftrightarrow3x^2-32x-40=0\)

Nghiệm xấu lắm bn

\(c,\left(3x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)^2=\left(3x+1\right)\left(2x-5\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow c,\left(3x+1\right)\left[\left(2x-5\right)^2-\left(x-3\right)^2\right]\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\left(2x-5-x+3\right)\left(2x-5+x-3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(3x-8\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=2\\x=\dfrac{8}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(d,9x^2-1=\left(3x+1\right)\left(4x+1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\left(4x+1\right)-\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\left(4x+1-3x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,2x^3+3x^2-32x-48=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x^3-8x^2\right)+\left(11x^2-44x\right)+\left(12x-48\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2\left(x-4\right)+11x\left(x-4\right)+12\left(x-4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(2x^2+11x+12\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left[\left(2x^2+8x\right)+\left(3x+12\right)\right]=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left[2x\left(x+4\right)+3\left(x+4\right)\right]=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(2x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

`a,(x+3)(x^2+2021)=0`

`x^2+2021>=2021>0`

`=>x+3=0`

`=>x=-3`

`2,x(x-3)+3(x-3)=0`

`=>(x-3)(x+3)=0`

`=>x=+-3`

`b,x^2-9+(x+3)(3-2x)=0`

`=>(x-3)(x+3)+(x+3)(3-2x)=0`

`=>(x+3)(-x)=0`

`=>` $\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=0\\x=-3\end{array} \right.$

`d,3x^2+3x=0`

`=>3x(x+1)=0`

`=>` $\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=0\\x=-1\end{array} \right.$

`e,x^2-4x+4=4`

`=>x^2-4x=0`

`=>x(x-4)=0`

`=>` $\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=0\\x=4\end{array} \right.$

1) a) \(\left(x+3\right).\left(x^2+2021\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\x^2+2021=0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\left(nhận\right)\\x^2=-2021\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right. \)

=> S={-3}

Bài 1: 

a) Ta có: \(\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+2021\right)=0\)

mà \(x^2+2021>0\forall x\)

nên x+3=0

hay x=-3

Vậy: S={-3}

Bài 2: 

b) Ta có: \(x\left(x-3\right)+3\left(x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={3;-3}

Lời giải:

a)

$3(x-1)(2x-1)=5(x+8)(x-1)$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)[3(2x-1)-5(x+8)]=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)(x-43)=0$

$\Rightarrow x-1=0$ hoặc $x-43=0$

$\Rightarrow x=1$ hoặc $x=43$

b)

$9x^2-1=(3x+1)(4x+1)$

$\Leftrightarrow (3x+1)(3x-1)=(3x+1)(4x+1)$

$\Leftrightarrow (3x+1)(4x+1)-(3x+1)(3x-1)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (3x+1)[(4x+1)-(3x-1)]=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (3x+1)(x+2)=0$

$\Rightarrow 3x+1=0$ hoặc $x+2=0$

$\Rightarrow x=\frac{-1}{3}$ hoặc $x=-2$

c)

$(x+7)(3x-1)=49-x^2=(7-x)(7+x)$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+7)(3x-1)-(7-x)(7+x)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+7)(3x-1-7+x)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+7)(4x-8)=0$

$\Rightarrow x+7=0$ hoặc $4x-8=0$

$\Rightarrow x=-7$ hoặc $x=2$

d)

$x^3-5x^2+6x=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x(x^2-5x+6)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x(x-2)(x-3)=0$

$\Rightarrow x=0; x-2=0$ hoặc $x-3=0$

$\Rightarrow x=0; x=2$ hoặc $x=3$

e)

$2x^3+3x^2-32x=48$

$\Leftrightarrow 2x^3+3x^2-32x-48=0$

$\Leftrightarrow 2x^2(x-4)+11x(x-4)+12(x-4)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-4)(2x^2+11x+12)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-4)[2x(x+4)+3(x+2)]=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-4)(x+4)(2x+3)=0$

$\Rightarrow x-4=0; x+4=0$ hoặc $2x+3=0$

$\Rightarrow x=4; x=-4$ hoặc $x=-\frac{3}{2}$

Lời giải:

a)

$3(x-1)(2x-1)=5(x+8)(x-1)$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)[3(2x-1)-5(x+8)]=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)(x-43)=0$

$\Rightarrow x-1=0$ hoặc $x-43=0$

$\Rightarrow x=1$ hoặc $x=43$

b)

$9x^2-1=(3x+1)(4x+1)$

$\Leftrightarrow (3x+1)(3x-1)=(3x+1)(4x+1)$

$\Leftrightarrow (3x+1)(4x+1)-(3x+1)(3x-1)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (3x+1)[(4x+1)-(3x-1)]=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (3x+1)(x+2)=0$

$\Rightarrow 3x+1=0$ hoặc $x+2=0$

$\Rightarrow x=\frac{-1}{3}$ hoặc $x=-2$

c)

$(x+7)(3x-1)=49-x^2=(7-x)(7+x)$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+7)(3x-1)-(7-x)(7+x)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+7)(3x-1-7+x)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+7)(4x-8)=0$

$\Rightarrow x+7=0$ hoặc $4x-8=0$

$\Rightarrow x=-7$ hoặc $x=2$

d)

$x^3-5x^2+6x=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x(x^2-5x+6)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x(x-2)(x-3)=0$

$\Rightarrow x=0; x-2=0$ hoặc $x-3=0$

$\Rightarrow x=0; x=2$ hoặc $x=3$

e)

$2x^3+3x^2-32x=48$

$\Leftrightarrow 2x^3+3x^2-32x-48=0$

$\Leftrightarrow 2x^2(x-4)+11x(x-4)+12(x-4)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-4)(2x^2+11x+12)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-4)[2x(x+4)+3(x+2)]=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-4)(x+4)(2x+3)=0$

$\Rightarrow x-4=0; x+4=0$ hoặc $2x+3=0$

$\Rightarrow x=4; x=-4$ hoặc $x=-\frac{3}{2}$

\(a,2x\left(x-5\right)+4\left(x-5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(2x+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=0\\2x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\2x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(x\in\left\{5;-2\right\}\)

\(b,3x-15=2x\left(x-5\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow3\left(x-5\right)-2x\left(x-5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(-2x+3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=0\\-2x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\2x=3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(x\in\left\{5;\dfrac{3}{2}\right\}\)

\(c,\left(2x+1\right)\left(3x-2\right)=\left(5x-8\right)\left(2x+1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(3x-2\right)-\left(5x-8\right)\left(2x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(3x-2-5x+8\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(-2x+6\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=0\\-2x+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=-1\\2x=6\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(x\in\left\{-\dfrac{1}{2};3\right\}\)

Câu d xem lại đề

Phương trình (*) có hai nghiệm phân biệt:

Có: a = 3; b’ = -2√2; c = 2;

Δ ’   =   b ’ 2   –   a c   =   ( - 2 √ 2 ) 2   –   3 . 2   =   2   >   0

Vì Δ’ > 0 nên phương trình có hai nghiệm phân biệt là:

Phương trình có a = 3; b’ = -1; c = 1;

Δ ’   =   b ’ 2   –   a c   =   ( - 1 ) 2   –   3 . 1   =   - 2   <   0

Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm.

d) 

0 , 5 x ( x   +   1 )   =   ( x   –   1 ) 2       ⇔   0 , 5 x 2   +   0 , 5 x   =   x 2   –   2 x   +   1     ⇔   x 2   –   2 x   +   1   –   0 , 5 x 2   –   0 , 5 x   =   0     ⇔   0 , 5 x 2   –   2 , 5 x   +   1   =   0     ⇔   x 2   –   5 x   +   2   =   0

Phương trình có hai nghiệm phân biệt:

b: \(\dfrac{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)-2x\left(x^2-1\right)}{x^2-1}\)

\(=x^2-2x+1\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\)

c: \(=\dfrac{5x^4-5x^3+14x^3-14x^2+12x^2-12x+8x-8}{x-1}\)

\(=5x^3+14x^2+12x+8\)