ĐKXĐ: ...

Đặt \(\sqrt{4x+5}=2y-3\Rightarrow4x+5=4y^2-12y+9\)

\(\Rightarrow y^2-3y+1=x\)

Ta được hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-6x-1=2y-3\\y^2-3y+1=x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-3x+1=y\\y^2-3y+1=x\end{matrix}\right.\)

Trừ vế cho vế: \(x^2-y^2-2\left(x-y\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=2-x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\sqrt{2x+5}+3}{2}\\\dfrac{\sqrt{2x+5}+3}{2}=2-x\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2x+5}=2x-3\\\sqrt{2x+5}=1-2x\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đến đây chắc bạn tự giải được

`2x^2-6x-1=sqrt{4x+5}(x>=-5/4)`

`<=>4x^2-12x-2=2sqrt{4x+5}`

`<=>4x^2-8x+4=4x+5+2\sqrt{4x+5}+1`

`<=>(2x-2)^2=(\sqrt{4x+5}+1)^2`

Đến đây dễ gòi

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2\left(x^2-1\right)^2+9}+\sqrt{3\left(x-1\right)^2+25}=-3\left(x-1\right)^2+8\)

Ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2\left(x^2-1\right)^2+9}+\sqrt{3\left(x-1\right)^2+25}\ge\sqrt{9}+\sqrt{25}=8\\-3\left(x-1\right)^2+8\le8\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2\left(x^2-1\right)^2+9}+\sqrt{3\left(x-1\right)^2+25}\ge-3\left(x-1\right)^2+8\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=1\)

Lời giải:

a. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 4$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(x-4)+4\sqrt{x-4}+4}=2$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(\sqrt{x-4}+2)^2}=2$

$\Leftrightarrow |\sqrt{x-4}+2|=2$

$\Leftrightarrow  \sqrt{x-4}+2=2$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-4}=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=4$ (tm)

b. ĐKXĐ: $x\in\mathbb{R}$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(2x-1)^2}=\sqrt{(x-3)^2}$

$\Leftrightarrow |2x-1|=|x-3|$

\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} 2x-1=x-3\\ 2x-1=3-x\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=-2\\ x=\frac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c.

PT \(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 2x-1\geq 0\\ 2x^2-2x+1=(2x-1)^2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq \frac{1}{2}\\ 2x^2-2x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq \frac{1}{2}\\ 2x(x-1)=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=1\)

\(2x^2-6x-1=\sqrt{4x+5}\)

Đk:\(x\ge-\frac{5}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-6x-1\right)^2=4x+5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^4-23x^3+32x^2+12x+1=4x+5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^4-24x^3+32x^2+8x-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x^4-6x^3+8x^2+2x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2-4x+1=0\left(1\right)\\x^2-2x-1=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(\Delta_{\left(1\right)}=\left(-2\right)^2-\left(-4\left(1.1\right)\right)=8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{2-\sqrt{8}}{2}\left(tm\right)\)

\(\Delta_{\left(2\right)}=\left(-4\right)^2-4\left(1.1\right)=12\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4+\sqrt{12}}{2}\left(tm\right)\)

2:

a: =>2x^2-4x-2=x^2-x-2

=>x^2-3x=0

=>x=0(loại) hoặc x=3

b: =>(x+1)(x+4)<0

=>-4<x<-1

d: =>x^2-2x-7=-x^2+6x-4

=>2x^2-8x-3=0

=>\(x=\dfrac{4\pm\sqrt{22}}{2}\)

a: ĐKXĐ: x>=-3/2

\(\sqrt{x^2+4}=\sqrt{2x+3}\)

=>\(x^2+4=2x+3\)

=>\(x^2-2x+1=0\)

=>\(\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)

=>x-1=0

=>x=1(nhận)

b: \(\sqrt{x^2-6x+9}=2x-1\)(ĐKXĐ: \(x\in R\))

=>\(\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=2x-1\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-1\right)^2=\left(x-3\right)^2\\x>=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-1-x+3\right)\left(2x-1+x-3\right)=0\\x>=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2\right)\left(3x-4\right)=0\\x>=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>x=4/3(nhận) hoặc x=-2(loại)

c:

Sửa đề: \(\sqrt{4x+12}=\sqrt{9x+27}-5\)

ĐKXĐ: \(x>=-3\)

\(\sqrt{4x+12}=\sqrt{9x+27}-5\)

=>\(2\sqrt{x+3}=3\sqrt{x+3}-5\)

=>\(-\sqrt{x+3}=-5\)

=>x+3=25

=>x=22(nhận)

d: ĐKXĐ: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< =\dfrac{3-\sqrt{5}}{4}\\x>=\dfrac{3+\sqrt{5}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\sqrt{4x^2-6x+1}=\left|2x-5\right|\)

=>\(\sqrt{\left(4x^2-6x+1\right)}=\sqrt{4x^2-20x+25}\)

=>\(4x^2-6x+1=4x^2-20x+25\)

=>\(-6x+20x=25-1\)

=>\(14x=24\)

=>x=12/7(nhận)

a.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge3\)

(Tốt nhất bạn kiểm tra lại đề cái căn đầu tiên của \(\sqrt{x-3}\) là căn bậc 2 hay căn bậc 3). Vì nhìn ĐKXĐ thì thấy căn bậc 2 là không hợp lý rồi đó

Pt tương đương:

\(\sqrt{x-3}+\sqrt[3]{x^2+1}+\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)

Do \(x\ge3\Rightarrow x-2>0\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)>0\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-3}+\sqrt[3]{x^2+1}+\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)>0\)

Pt vô nghiệm

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Pt: \(2x+3-\sqrt{2x+3}-\left(4x^2-6x+2\right)=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+3}=t\ge0\) ta được:

\(t^2-t-\left(4x^2-6x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Delta=1+4\left(4x^2-6x+2\right)=\left(4x-3\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t_1=\dfrac{1+4x-3}{2}=2x-1\\t_2=\dfrac{1-4x+3}{2}=2-2x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2x+3}=2x-1\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\\\sqrt{2x+3}=2-2x\left(x\le1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+3=4x^2-4x+1\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\\2x+3=4x^2-8x+4\left(x\le1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3+\sqrt{17}}{4}\\x=\dfrac{5-\sqrt{21}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+2\left(x+1\right)-5\left(x-2\right)\sqrt{x+1}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-2\right)^2-5\left(x-2\right)\sqrt{x+1}+2\left(x+1\right)=0\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=a\\\sqrt{x+1}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được:

\(2a^2-5ab+2b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)\left(2a-b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2b\\2a=b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{x+1}=x-2\left(x\ge2\right)\\\sqrt{x+1}=2x-4\left(x\ge2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x+4=x^2-4x+4\\x+1=4x^2-16x+16\end{matrix}\right.\) (\(x\ge2\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\) (đã loại nghiệm)