thu gọn về một phân thức
\(\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{x-1}\right):\left(\dfrac{2x+2}{x-1}-\dfrac{4x}{x^2-1}\right)\)
Rút gọn, rồi tính giá trị các phân thức sau : A=\(\dfrac{\left(2x^{2^{ }}+2x^{ }\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}{^{ }\left(x^{3^{ }}-4x\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)với x = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
B=\(\dfrac{x^3-x^{2^{ }}y+xy^2}{x^3+y^3}\)với x = -5 , y = 10
\(A=\dfrac{2x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}{x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(x-2\right)}{x+2}\\ A=\dfrac{2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-2\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+2}=\dfrac{2\left(-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)}{\dfrac{5}{2}}=\left(-3\right)\cdot\dfrac{2}{5}=-\dfrac{6}{5}\)
\(B=\dfrac{x\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}=\dfrac{x}{x+y}=\dfrac{-5}{-5+10}=\dfrac{-5}{5}=-1\)
1.Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a.\(2x^3+3x^2-2x\) b.\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)-24\)
2.Cho A=\(\dfrac{2x+1}{\left(x-4\right)\left(x-3\right)}-\dfrac{x+3}{x-4}+\dfrac{2x-1}{x-3}\)
a.Rút gọn biểu thức A
b.tính giá trị của A biết \(x^2+20=9x\)
3.Tìm đa thức thương và đa thức dư trong phép chia:\(\left(2x^2-7x^2:13x:2\right):\left(2x-1\right)\)
Bài 1:
a. $2x^3+3x^2-2x=2x(x^2+3x-2)=2x[(x^2-2x)+(x-2)]$
$=2x[x(x-2)+(x-2)]=2x(x-2)(x+1)$
b.
$(x+1)(x+2)(x+3)(x+4)-24$
$=[(x+1)(x+4)][(x+2)(x+3)]-24$
$=(x^2+5x+4)(x^2+5x+6)-24$
$=a(a+2)-24$ (đặt $x^2+5x+4=a$)
$=a^2+2a-24=(a^2-4a)+(6a-24)$
$=a(a-4)+6(a-4)=(a-4)(a+6)=(x^2+5x)(x^2+5x+10)$
$=x(x+5)(x^2+5x+10)$
Bài 2:
a. ĐKXĐ: $x\neq 3; 4$
\(A=\frac{2x+1-(x+3)(x-3)+(2x-1)(x-4)}{(x-3)(x-4)}\\ =\frac{2x+1-(x^2-9)+(2x^2-9x+4)}{(x-3)(x-4)}\\ =\frac{x^2-7x+14}{(x-3)(x-4)}\)
b. $x^2+20=9x$
$\Leftrightarrow x^2-9x+20=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-4)(x-5)=0$
$\Rightarrow x=5$ (do $x\neq 4$)
Khi đó: $A=\frac{5^2-7.5+14}{(5-4)(5-3)}=2$
Bài 3:
$(2x^2-7x^2:13x:2):(2x-1)=(2x^2-\frac{7}{26}x):(2x-1)$
$=[x(2x-1)+\frac{19}{52}(2x-1)+\frac{19}{52}]:(2x-1)$
$=[(2x-1)(x+\frac{19}{52})+\frac{19}{52}]: (2x-1)$
$\Rightarrow$ thương là $x+\frac{19}{52}$ và thương là $\frac{19}{52}$
Rút gọn các biểu thức sau :
A = \(2x^2\left(-3x^3+2x^2+x-1\right)+2x\left(x^2-3x+1\right)\)
B = \(2x:\dfrac{1}{2}x+x^2\)
C = \(\left[1:\left(1+x\right)+2x:\left(1-x^2\right)\right]:\left(\dfrac{1}{x}-1\right)\)
D = \(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{x+y}.\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x}+\dfrac{y^2}{x+y}.\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x}\)
E = \(\dfrac{\left|x-3\right|}{x^2-9}.\left(x^2+6x+9\right)\)
F = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-5}-\dfrac{10\sqrt{x}}{x-25}-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+5}\)
Rút gọn các biểu thức sau :
A = \(2x^2\left(-3x^3+2x^2+x-1\right)+2x\left(x^2-3x+1\right)\)
B = \(2x:\dfrac{1}{2}x+x^2\)
C = \(\left[1:\left(1+x\right)+2x:\left(1-x^2\right)\right]:\left(\dfrac{1}{x}-1\right)\)
D = \(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{x+y}.\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x}+\dfrac{y^2}{x+y}.\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x}\)
E = \(\dfrac{\left|x-3\right|}{x^2-9}.\left(x^2+6x+9\right)\)
F = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-5}-\dfrac{10\sqrt{x}}{x-25}-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+5}\)
Rút gọn : \(\left(\dfrac{1+x}{x}+\dfrac{1}{4x^2}\right).\left(\dfrac{1-2x}{1+2x}-\dfrac{1}{1-4x^2}.\dfrac{1-4x+4x^2}{1+2x}\right)-\dfrac{1}{2x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{4x\left(x+1\right)+1}{4x^2}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{-2x+1}{2x+1}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(2x-1\right)^2}{2x+1}\right)-\dfrac{1}{2x}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x+1\right)^2}{4x^2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{-2x+1}{2x+1}+\dfrac{2x-1}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}\right)-\dfrac{1}{2x}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x+1\right)^2}{4x^2}\cdot\dfrac{-\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)+2x-1}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}-\dfrac{1}{2x}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(4x^2-1\right)+2x-1}{4x^2}-\dfrac{1}{2x}\)
\(=\dfrac{-4x^2+1+2x-1}{4x^2}-\dfrac{1}{2x}\)
\(=\dfrac{-4x^2+2x}{4x^2}-\dfrac{1}{2x}\)
\(=\dfrac{-4x^2+2x-2x}{4x^2}=-1\)
Chứng minh đẳng thức :
a) \(\left(\dfrac{x^2-2x}{2x^2+8}-\dfrac{2x^2}{8-4x+2x^2-x^3}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{2}{x^2}\right)=\dfrac{x+1}{2x}\)
b) \(\left[\dfrac{2}{3x}-\dfrac{2}{x+1}\left(\dfrac{x+1}{3}-x-1\right)\right]:\dfrac{x-1}{x}=\dfrac{2x}{x-1}\)
c) \(\left[\dfrac{2}{\left(x+1\right)^3}.\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{x^2+2x+1}\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+1\right)\right]:\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}=\dfrac{x}{x-1}\)
rút gọn biểu thức sau A=\(\left(\dfrac{x^2-2x}{2x^2+8}-\dfrac{2x^2}{8-4x+2x^2-x^3}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{2}{x^2}\right)\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{x^2-2x}{2\left(x^2+4\right)}+\dfrac{2x^2}{x^3-2x^2+4x-8}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x^2-x-2}{x^2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)}{2\left(x^2+4\right)}+\dfrac{2x^2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x^2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+4x^2}{2\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x^2-4x+4+4x\right)}{2\left(x^2+4\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x+1}{x^2}=\dfrac{x\left(x^2+4\right)}{2\left(x^2+4\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x+1}{x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+1}{2x}\)
Rút gọn biểu thức sau: \(A=\left(\dfrac{x^2-2x}{2x^2+8}-\dfrac{2x^2}{8-4x+2x^2-x^3}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{2}{x^2}\right)\)
( x2−2x / 2x2+8 − 2x2 / 8−4x+2x2−x3 ).(1− 1/x − 2/x2 )
=[ x2−2x / 2(x2+4) − 2x2 / 2(x2+4)−x(x2+4) ]. x2−x−2 / x2
=[x2−2x / 2(x2+4) − 2x2 / (2−x)(x2+3)] . x2−x−2 / x2
=(x2−2x)(2−x)−4x2 / 2(2−x)(x2+4) . x2+x−2x−2 / x2
= −x(x2+4) / 2(2−x)(x2+4). (x+1)(x−2) / x2
=x+1 / 2x
bài 1 : rút gọn các phân thức sau
a, \(\dfrac{x^2-2x}{x^2-4}\)
b, \(\dfrac{x^2+5x+4}{x^2-1}\)
c,\(\dfrac{x^4+4}{x\left(x^2+2\right)-2x^2-\left(x-1\right)^2-1}\)
bài 2 : rút gọn các biểu thức sau.
a,\(\left(\right)\dfrac{2x+1}{2x-1}-\dfrac{2x-1}{2x+1}\left(\right):\dfrac{4x}{10x-5}\)
b, \(\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+x}-\dfrac{2-x}{x+1}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+x-2\right)\)
c, \(\left(\dfrac{5x+2}{x^2-10x}\dfrac{5x-2}{x^2+10x}\right)\times\dfrac{x^2-100}{x^2+4}\)
\(a,\dfrac{x^2-2x}{x^2-4}=\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{x}{x+2}\)
b) \(\dfrac{x^2+5x+4}{x^2-1}=\dfrac{x^2+x+4x+4}{x^2-1}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{x+4}{x-1}\)
c) \(\dfrac{x^4+4}{x\left(x^2+2\right)-2x^2-\left(x-1\right)^2-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^4+4x^2-4x^2+4}{x^3+2x-2x^2-x^2+2x-1-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+2\right)^2-4x^2}{\left(x^3+2x-2x^2\right)-\left(x^2-2x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+2-2x\right)\left(x^2+2+2x\right)}{x\left(x^2+2-2x\right)-\left(x^2+2-2x\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2+2x}{x-1}\)
Bài 2:
a) \(\left(\dfrac{2x+1}{2x-1}-\dfrac{2x-1}{2x+1}\right):\dfrac{4x}{10x-5}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x+1\right)^2-\left(2x-1\right)^2}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}.\dfrac{5\left(2x-1\right)}{4x}\)
\(=\dfrac{8x}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}.\dfrac{5\left(2x-1\right)}{4x}\)
\(=\dfrac{10}{2x+1}\)
b) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+x}-\dfrac{2-x}{x+1}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+x-2\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1-2x+x^2}{x\left(x+1\right)}:\dfrac{1+x^2-2x}{x}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
c) Trong ngoặc giữa hai phân số là dấu gì vậy ?