1/ \(a+1=\sqrt[4]{\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}-\sqrt[4]{\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{3}-1}}-\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}{\sqrt{3}+1}}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}}=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1-\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}\)

2/ \(a+b=5\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=125\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=125\)

\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3=125-3ab\left(a+b\right)=125-3.1.5=110\)

3/ \(mn\left(mn+1\right)^2-\left(m+n\right)^2.mn\)

\(=mn\left(\left(mn+1\right)^2-\left(m+n\right)^2\right)\)

\(=mn\left(mn+1-m-n\right)\left(mn+1+m+n\right)\)

\(=mn\left(m-1\right)\left(n-1\right)\left(m+1\right)\left(n+1\right)\)

\(=\left(m-1\right)m\left(m+1\right)\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\)

Do \(\left(m-1\right)m\left(m+1\right)\) và \(\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\) đều là tích của 3 số nguyên liên tiếp nên chúng đều chia hết cho 3 \(\Rightarrow\) tích của chúng chia hết cho 36

4/

Do \(0\le x\le1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\x-1\le0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x\left(x-1\right)\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x\le0\Leftrightarrow x^2\le x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

5/ Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{5a+4}=x\\\sqrt{5b+4}=y\\\sqrt{5c+4}=z\end{matrix}\right.\)

Do \(a+b+c=1\Rightarrow0\le a;b;c\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow2\le x;y;z\le3\) và \(x^2+y^2+z^2=5\left(a+b+c\right)+12=17\)

Khi đó ta có:

Do \(2\le x\le3\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+6\le0\Leftrightarrow x\ge\frac{x^2+6}{5}\)

Tương tự: \(y\ge\frac{y^2+6}{5}\) ; \(z\ge\frac{z^2+6}{5}\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(A=x+y+z\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2+18}{5}=\frac{17+18}{5}=7\)

\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=7\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(2;2;3\right)\) và các hoán vị hay \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(0;0;1\right)\) và các hoán vị

1.

\(6=\frac{\sqrt{2}^2}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{3}^2}{y}\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{x+y}=\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{x+y}\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y\ge\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{6}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{y}{\sqrt{3}}\\x+y=\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn tự giải hệ tìm điểm rơi nếu thích, số xấu quá

2.

\(VT\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{81}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}}\)

Đặt \(x+y+z=t\Rightarrow0< t\le1\)

\(VT\ge\sqrt{t^2+\frac{81}{t^2}}=\sqrt{t^2+\frac{1}{t^2}+\frac{80}{t^2}}\ge\sqrt{2\sqrt{\frac{t^2}{t^2}}+\frac{80}{1^2}}=\sqrt{82}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)

3.

\(\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{a^3}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{a^6}{b^{15}.a^6}}=\frac{5}{b^3}\)

Tương tự: \(\frac{3b^2}{c^5}+\frac{2}{b^3}\ge\frac{5}{a^3}\) ; \(\frac{3c^2}{d^5}+\frac{2}{c^3}\ge\frac{5}{d^3}\) ; \(\frac{3d^2}{a^5}+\frac{2}{d^2}\ge\frac{5}{a^3}\)

Cộng vế với vế và rút gọn ta được: \(3VT\ge3VP\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=d=1\)

4.

ĐKXĐ: \(-2\le x\le2\)

\(y^2=\left(x+\sqrt{4-x^2}\right)^2\le2\left(x^2+4-x^2\right)=8\)

\(\Rightarrow y\le2\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow y_{max}=2\sqrt{2}\) khi \(x=\sqrt{2}\)

Mặt khác do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-2\\\sqrt{4-x^2}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x+\sqrt{4-x^2}\ge-2\)

\(y_{min}=-2\) khi \(x=-2\)

5.

\(\frac{a\sqrt{b-1}+b\sqrt{a-1}}{ab}=\frac{1.\sqrt{b-1}}{b}+\frac{1.\sqrt{a-1}}{a}\le\frac{1+b-1}{2b}+\frac{1+a-1}{2a}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow a\sqrt{b-1}+b\sqrt{a-1}\le ab\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=2\)

6. Áp dụng BĐT cơ bản:

\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge3\left(ab.bc+bc.ca+ab+ca\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge3abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Áp dụng BĐT cosi:

\(a\sqrt{1-b^2}=\sqrt{a^2\left(1-b^2\right)}\le\dfrac{a^2+1-b^2}{2}\)

Tương tự cx có: \(b\sqrt{1-c^2}\le\dfrac{b^2+1-c^2}{2}\)

\(c\sqrt{1-a^2}\le\dfrac{c^2+1-a^2}{2}\)

Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=1-b^2\\b^2=1-c^2\\c^2=1-a^2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=3-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)

\(2\le\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{4-x}\le2\sqrt{2}\) (1) (ĐK: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\4-x\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow0\le x\le4\))

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\le\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{4-x}\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{4-x}\le2\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) (\(0\le x\le4\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4\le4+2\sqrt{x\left(4-x\right)}\\4+2\sqrt{x\left(4-x\right)}\le8\end{matrix}\right.\) (\(0\le x\le4\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{x\left(4-x\right)}\ge0\\\sqrt{x\left(4-x\right)}\le2\end{matrix}\right.\)(\(0\le x\le4\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\left(4-x\right)\le4\\0\le x\le4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\\0\le x\le4\end{matrix}\right.\) (đpcm)

1.

$x+3+\sqrt{x^2-6x+9}=x+3+\sqrt{(x-3)^2}=x+3+|x-3|$

$=x+3+(3-x)=6$

2.

$\sqrt{x^2+4x+4}-\sqrt{x^2}=\sqrt{(x+2)^2}-\sqrt{x^2}$

$=|x+2|-|x|=x+2-(-x)=2x+2$
3.

$\sqrt{x^2+2\sqrt{x^2-1}}-\sqrt{x^2-2\sqrt{x^2-1}}$

$=\sqrt{(\sqrt{x^2-1}+1)^2}-\sqrt{(\sqrt{x^2-1}-1)^2}$

$=|\sqrt{x^2-1}+1|+|\sqrt{x^2-1}-1|$

$=\sqrt{x^2-1}+1+|\sqrt{x^2-1}-1|$

4.

$\frac{\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}}{x-1}=\frac{\sqrt{(x-1)^2}}{x-1}$

$=\frac{|x-1|}{x-1}=\frac{x-1}{x-1}=1$

5.

$|x-2|+\frac{\sqrt{x^2-4x+4}}{x-2}=2-x+\frac{\sqrt{(x-2)^2}}{x-2}$
$=2-x+\frac{|x-2|}{x-2}|=2-x+\frac{2-x}{x-2}=2-x+(-1)=1-x$

6.

$2x-1-\frac{\sqrt{x^2-10x+25}}{x-5}=2x-1-\frac{\sqrt{(x-5)^2}}{x-5}$

$=2x-1-\frac{|x-5|}{x-5}$

Với mọi n nguyên dương ta có:

\(\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)=1\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}=\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\)

Với k nguyên dương thì 

\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{k-1}+\sqrt{k}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}}\Rightarrow\frac{2}{\sqrt{k-1}+\sqrt{k}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{k-1}+\sqrt{k}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}}=\sqrt{k}-\sqrt{k-1}+\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\)

\(=\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k-1}\)(*)

Đặt A = vế trái. Áp dụng (*) ta có:

\(\frac{2}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}>\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{1}\)

\(\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}>\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\)

...

\(\frac{2}{\sqrt{79}+\sqrt{80}}>\sqrt{81}-\sqrt{79}\)

Cộng tất cả lại

\(2A=\frac{2}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}+....+\frac{2}{\sqrt{79}+\sqrt{80}}>\sqrt{81}-1=8\Rightarrow A>4\left(đpcm\right)\)

3. 

Theo bất đẳng thức cô si ta có: 

\(\sqrt{b-1}=\sqrt{1.\left(b-1\right)}\le\frac{1+b-1}{2}=\frac{b}{2}\Rightarrow a.\sqrt{b-1}\le\frac{a.b}{2}\)

Tương tự \(\Rightarrow b.\sqrt{a-1}\le\frac{a.b}{2}\Rightarrow a.\sqrt{b-1}+b.\sqrt{a-1}\le a.b\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=2\)

Bài 1 : Ta có :

\(A=\sqrt{3x+\sqrt{6x-1}}+\sqrt{3x-\sqrt{6x-1}}\)

\(A\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{6x+2\sqrt{6x-1}}+\sqrt{6x-2\sqrt{6x-1}}\)

\(=\sqrt{6x-1+2\sqrt{6x-1}+1}+\sqrt{6x-1-2\sqrt{6x-1}+1}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6x-1}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6x-1}-1\right)^2}\)

\(=\left|\sqrt{6x-1}+1\right|+\left|\sqrt{6x-1}-1\right|\)

\(=\sqrt{6x-1}+1+\sqrt{6x-1}-1\)

\(=2\sqrt{6x-1}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{6x-1}\right)\)

Thay \(x=4+\sqrt{10}\) vào A ta được :

\(A=\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{6\left(4+\sqrt{10}\right)-1}=\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{24+6\sqrt{10}-1}\)

\(=\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{23+6\sqrt{10}}=\sqrt{46+12\sqrt{10}}\)

\(=\sqrt{36+12\sqrt{10}+10}=\sqrt{\left(6+\sqrt{10}\right)^2}=6+\sqrt{10}\)

Vậy \(A=6+\sqrt{10}\) tại \(x=4+\sqrt{10}\)