Có \(a^2+ab+\frac{b^2}{3}=c^2+\frac{b^2}{3}+a^2+ac+c^2\left(=25\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+ab+\frac{b^2}{3}=2c^2+\frac{b^2}{3}+a^2+ac\\ \Rightarrow ab=2c^2+ac\\ \Rightarrow ab+ac=2c^2+2ac\\ \Rightarrow a\left(b+c\right)=2c\left(a+c\right)\\ \Rightarrow\frac{2c}{a}=\frac{b+c}{a+c}\)

Ta có: b² = ac

=> a/b = b/c (1)

Ta có: c² = bd

=> b/c = c/d (2)

Từ (1) và (2)

=> a/b = b/c = c/d

=> a²/ b² = c² / b² = c²/d² = ( a+ b+ c )²/ (b+d+c )² =a² +b² +c² / b² + c² +d² (3)

( tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)

Ta có: a/b = b/c = c/d

=> a/b . b/c . c/d = (a/b)³ = a.b.c/b.d.c = a/d (4)

Từ (3) và (4)

=> ( a+ b+ c )²/ (b+d+c )² =a² +b² +c² / b² + c² +d² = a/d

chúc bạn hok tốt

Lời giải:
Từ \(b^2=ac; c^2=bd\Rightarrow \frac{b}{c}=\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)

Đặt \(\frac{b}{c}=\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow b=ct; a=bt; c=dt\)

Khi đó:

\(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2+d^2}=\frac{(bt)^2+(ct)^2+(dt)^2}{b^2+c^2+d^2}=t^2(1)\)

\(\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{(b+c+d)^2}=\frac{(bt+ct+dt)^2}{(b+c+d)^2}=\frac{t^2(b+c+d)^2}{(b+c+d)^2}=t^2(2)\)

\(\frac{a}{d}=\frac{bt}{d}=\frac{ct.t}{d}=\frac{dt.t.t}{d}=t^3\)

Vậy \(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2+d^2}=\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{(b+c+d)^2}\) nhưng không bằng $\frac{a}{d}$ (trừ phi $t=1$)

Đề bài sai nhé

Đẳng thức này mới đúng: \(\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{\left(b+c+d\right)^3}=\frac{a}{d}\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b^2=ac\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\\c^2=bd\Rightarrow\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{d}=\frac{abc}{bcd}=\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{b^3}{c^3}=\frac{c^3}{d^3}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{\left(b+c+d\right)^3}=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}\)

\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{abc}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ca}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}=\left|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right|\)

\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{abc}}\) ( do \(a+b+c=0\) )

\(=\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ca}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}\)

\(=\left|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right|\) ( đpcm )

Bài 1:
Giải:

Ta có: \(b^2=ac\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{b^2}{c^2}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{b^2}{c^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}\) (1)

\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}=\frac{a}{c}\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}\)

\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2b^2}{b^2c^2}}=2\left|\frac{a}{c}\right|\ge\frac{2a}{c}\)

Tương tự: \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{2c}{b}\) ; \(\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{2b}{a}\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(2\left(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)