a: (x+y+z)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3

=(x+y+z-x)(x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2-xy-xz+z^2)-(y+z)(y^2-yz+z^2)

=(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)

b: x^3+y^3+z^3=1

x+y+z=1

=>x+y=1-z

x^3+y^3+z^3=1

=>(x+y)^3+z^3-3xy(x+y)=1

=>(1-z)^3+z^3-3xy(1-z)=1

=>1-3z-3z^2-z^3+z^3-3xy(1-z)=1

=>1-3z+3z^2-3xy(1-z)=1

=>-3z+3z^2-3xy(1-z)=0

=>-3z(1-z)-3xy(1-z)=0

=>(z-1)(z+xy)=0

=>z=1 và xy=0

=>z=1 và x=0; y=0

A=1+0+0=1

Từ \(x\left(\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+y\left(\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+z\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=-2\) ta có:

\(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x+xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+2xyz=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\y+z=0\\z+x=0\end{matrix}\right.\).

Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử x + y = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-y\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3=-y^3\).

Kết hợp với \(x^3+y^3+z^3=1\) ta có \(z^3=1\Leftrightarrow z=1\).

Vậy \(P=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{-y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{1}=1\).

Ta có: \(x^2+y^2+z^2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow x\le1,y\le1,z\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow x-1\le0,y-1\le0,z-1\le0\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)\le0,y^2\left(y-1\right)\le0,z^2\left(z-1\right)\le0\) 

(vì \(x^2,y^2,z^2\ge0\))

\(\Rightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)+y^2\left(y-1\right)+z^2\left(z-1\right)\le0\).

hay \(x^3+y^3+z^3\le x^2+y^2+z^2=1\).

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2\left(x-1\right)=0\\y^2\left(y-1\right)=0\\z^2\left(z-1\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\) và \(x^2+y^2+z^2=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(0;0;1\right)\) và các hoán vị.

Mặt khác theo giả thiết: \(x^3+y^3+z^3=1\).

\(\Rightarrow\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(0;0;1\right)\) và các hoán vị.

\(\Rightarrow xyz=0\)

Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{x+y}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{x-z}+\sqrt{y-z}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x+y=x+y-2z+2\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2z=2\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)

Theo giả thiết, ta có: 

theo giả thiết, ta có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}-\frac{1}{z}=0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{y}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{x-z}{zx}=\frac{1}{y}\Rightarrow x-z=\frac{zx}{y}\)

Tương tự, ta có: \(y-z=\frac{zy}{x}\)

Do đó: \(2\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}=2\sqrt{\frac{zx}{y}.\frac{zy}{x}}=2z\) (1)

ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{x+y}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{x-z}+\sqrt{y-z}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2z=2\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)(2)

Thay (2) vào (1) ta thấy (2) luôn đúng

Suy ra ĐPCM

Vì \(x>0,y>0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}>0;\frac{1}{y}>0\)

mà \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}-\frac{1}{z}=0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{z}>0\Rightarrow z>0\)

Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}-\frac{1}{z}=0\Leftrightarrow yz+zx-xy=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-z^2=-z^2+yz+zx-xy=-\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow z^2=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)>0\)

\(\Rightarrow z=\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\left(z>0\right)\)

Lại có: \(x+y=x-z+y-z+2z\)

\(=\left(x-z\right)+\left(y-z\right)+2\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}=\left(\sqrt{x-z}+\sqrt{y-z}\right)^2\)

Suy ra \(\sqrt{x+y}=\sqrt{x-z}+\sqrt{y-z}\) (ĐPCM)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)^3+30xy=2000\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left[\left(x+y\right)^3-1000\right]-3xy\left(x+y-10\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+y-10\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-10\left(x+y\right)+100\right]-3xy\left(x+y-10\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-10\right)\left[2\left(x+y\right)^2-20\left(x+y\right)+200-3xy\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=10\)

Do:

\(2\left(x+y\right)^2-20\left(x+y\right)+200-3xy\)

\(=\left(x+y-10\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2-3xy+100\)

\(=\left(x+y-10\right)^2+\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+100>0\)

Áp dụng bđt AM - GM:

\(x^3+1+1\ge3x;y^3+1+1\ge3y;z^3+1+1\ge3z;2x+2y+2z\ge6\sqrt[3]{xyz}=6\).

Cộng vế với vế các bđt trên rồi rút gọn ta có đpcm.

Áp dụng BĐT Cosi:

\(\left(x^3+1+1\right)+\left(y^3+1+1\right)+\left(z^3+1+1\right)\)

\(\ge3\left(x+y+z\right)\)

\(\ge x+y+z+2.3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\)

\(=x+y+z+6\)

\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3\ge x+y+z\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)