\(a.Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\\ n_{NaCl}=n_{HCl}=2.n_{CO_2}=2.\dfrac{448:1000}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,02}=2\left(M\right)\\ b.m_{NaCl}=58,5.0,04=2,34\left(g\right)\\ c.m_{Na_2CO_3}=106.0,02=2,12\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{2,12}{5}.100=42,4\%\\ \%m_{NaCl}=100\%-42,4\%=57,6\%\)

Bài 16 : 

\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O|\)

            1              2                2           1         1

           0,02         0,04           0,04     0,02

a) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,02.2}{1}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

 20ml = 0,02l

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,02}=2\left(M\right)\)

b) \(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,02.2}{1}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{NaCl}=0,04.58,5=2,34\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{Na2CO3}=\dfrac{0,04.1}{2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

 ⇒ \(m_{Na2CO3}=0,02.106=2,12\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{NaCl}=5-2,12=2,88\left(g\right)\)

⁰/₀Na₂CO₃ = \(\dfrac{2,12.100}{5}=42,4\)⁰/₀

⁰/₀NaCl = \(\dfrac{2,88.100}{5}=57,6\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

Bài 1

\(a,n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ CuO+2HCl\xrightarrow[]{}CuCl_2+H_2O\\ n_{CuCl_2}=n_{CuO}=0,2mol\\ m_{CuCl_2}=0,2.135=27\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(M\right)\)

Bài 5

\(a,n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2:2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\\ b,n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2:2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MNa_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2+0,4}=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(M\right)\\ c,m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)

a, \(n_{NaOH}=0,02.1,5=0,03\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=0,03.2=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O

Mol:      0,03     0,03       0,03

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,03}{1}< \dfrac{0,06}{1}\) ⇒ NaOH hết, HCl dư

\(m_{NaCl}=0,03.58,5=1,755\left(g\right)\)

b, m_{dd sau pứ} = 0,02 + 0,03 = 0,05 (l)

\(C_{M_{ddNaCl}}=\dfrac{0,03}{0,05}=0,6M\)

\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{\left(0,06-0,03\right)}{0,05}=0,6M\)

a. PT: NaOH + HCl ---> NaCl + H₂O

Đổi 20ml = 0,02 lít; 30ml = 0,03 lít

Ta có: \(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{n_{ct}}{V_{dd}}=\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{0,02}=1,5M\)

=> n_NaOH = 0,03(mol)

Ta có: \(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{n_{ct}}{V_{dd}}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{0,03}=2M\)

=> n_HCl = 0,06(mol)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,03}{1}< \dfrac{0,06}{1}\)

Vậy HCl dư

Theo PT: n_NaCl = n_NaOH = 0,03(mol)

=> m_NaCl = 0,03 . 58,5 = 1,755(g)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

a) Pt : \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O|\)

             1            2             1            1

             0,1        0,2           0,1

b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{7,3.100}{200}=3,65\)⁰/₀

c) \(n_{CuCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{CuCl2}=0,1.135=13,5\left(g\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\) 
          0,1           0,2            0,1      0,1 
\(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\ m_{\text{dd}}=6,5+200-\left(0,1.2\right)=206,3g\)  
bài 2 :
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\) 
          0,2             0,4       0,2              0,2 
\(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6g\\ V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\\ m\text{dd}=4,8+200-0,4=204,4g\\ C\%=\dfrac{0,2.136}{204,4}.100\%=13,3\%\)

a) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) 
   1       2           1        1    (mol)

0,2      0,4        0,2     0,2   (mol)

b) Thể tích khí hidro:

V = n.22,4 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

c) Khối lượng muối tạo thành:

\(m_{ZnCl_2}=n.M=0,2.\left(65+35,5.2\right)=27,2\left(g\right)\)

d) \(m_{ctHCl}=n.M=0,4.\left(1+35,5\right)=14,6\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{ctHCl}}{m_{ddHCl}}.100\%=\dfrac{14,6}{200}.100\%=7,3\%\)

a) Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂↑

b) 

PTHH: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuCl_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot36,5}{7,3\%}=50\left(g\right)\\C\%_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot135}{4+50}\cdot100\%=12,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{21,2}{106}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + CO₂ + H₂O

                0,2------------------>0,4---->0,2

m_{dd sau pư} = 200 + 21,2 - 0,2.44 = 212,4(g)

=> \(C\%\left(NaCl\right)=\dfrac{0,4.58,5}{212,4}.100\%=11,017\%\)

$PTHH:Na_2CO_3+2HCl\to 2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow$

$n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{21,2}{106}=0,2(mol)$

Theo PT: $n_{NaCl}=n_{CO_2}=0,2(mol)$

$\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=0,4.58,5=23,4(g);m_{CO_2}=0,2.44=8,8(g)$

$\Rightarrow C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{23,4}{21,2+200-8,8}.100\%\approx 11,01\%$