Bài 3:

\(\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\ge\dfrac{4}{xy}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{xy}.x^2y^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+x^2+y^2\ge4xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+x^2-2xy+y^2\ge2xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{xy}{x-y}\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge2xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{xy}{x-y}\right)^2-2xy+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{xy}{x-y}-x+y\right)^2=0\) (luôn đúng)

-Tham khảo:

-Tham khảo:

\(5x^2+2xy+2y^2-\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)=\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow5x^2+2xy+2y^2\ge4x^2+4xy+y^2=\left(2x+y\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2x+y}+\dfrac{1}{2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{2z+x}=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{9}{x+x+y}+\dfrac{9}{y+y+z}+\dfrac{9}{z+z+x}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=1\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)

\(\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}=\sqrt{4x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2+y^2}\ge\sqrt{4x^2+2xy+y^2+2xy}=2x+y\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2x+y}=\dfrac{1}{x+x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)

Tương tự:

\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5y^2+2yz+2z^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5z^2+2zx+2x^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\)

Cộng vế:

\(P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}\right)=1\)

\(P_{max}=1\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)

Đặt \(a=\dfrac{1}{x};b=\dfrac{1}{y}\). khi đó gt trở thành:

\(a+b=a^2+b^2-ab\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow o\le a+b\le4\);

\(A=a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)=\left(a+b\right)^2\le16\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=2 <=> x=y=1/2

Vậy Max A = 16

 Ta có \(x^2+y^2=1\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=2xy+1\)

 Từ đó \(P=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x+y+1}\). Đặt \(x+y=t\left(t\ge0\right)\). Vì \(x+y\le\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}=2\) nên \(t\le\sqrt{2}\). ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\). Ta cần tìm GTLN của \(P\left(t\right)=\dfrac{t^2}{t+1}\) với \(0\le t\le\sqrt{2}\). 

 Giả sử có \(0\le t_1\le t_2\le\sqrt{2}\). Ta có BDT luôn đúng \(\left(t_2-t_1\right)\left(t_2+t_1+t_2t_1\right)\ge0\) \(\Leftrightarrow t_2^2-t_1^2+t_2^2t_1-t_2t_1^2\ge0\) \(\Leftrightarrow t_1^2\left(t_2+1\right)\le t_2^2\left(t_1+1\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{t_1^2}{t_1+1}\le\dfrac{t_2^2}{t_2+1}\) \(\Leftrightarrow P\left(t_1\right)\le P\left(t_2\right)\).  Như vậy với \(0\le t_1\le t_2\le\sqrt{2}\) thì \(P\left(t_1\right)\le P\left(t_2\right)\). Do đó P là hàm đồng biến. Vậy GTLN của P đạt được khi \(t=\sqrt{2}\) hay \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\), khi đó \(P=2\sqrt{2}-2\)

Lời giải:
$P=\frac{2xy+1}{x+y+1}=\frac{2xy+x^2+y^2}{x+y+1}=\frac{(x+y)^2}{x+y+1}$

$=\frac{a^2}{a+1}$ với $x+y=a$

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

$1=x^2+y^2\geq \frac{(x+y)^2}{2}=\frac{a^2}{2}$

$\Rightarrow a^2\leq 2\Rightarrow a\leq \sqrt{2}$

$P=\frac{a^2}{a+1}=\frac{a}{1+\frac{1}{a}}$
Vì $a\leq \sqrt{2}\Rightarrow 1+\frac{1}{a}\geq 1+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2+\sqrt{2}}{2}$

$\Rightarrow P\leq \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\frac{2+\sqrt{2}}{2}}=-2+2\sqrt{2}$

Vậy $P_{\max}=-2+2\sqrt{2}$ khi $x=y=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$

\(y=x+\dfrac{1}{x}-5\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{x}}-5=-3\)

\(y_{min}=-3\) khi \(x=1\)

\(y=4x^2+\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{1}{2x}-4\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{4x^2}{2x.2x}}-4=-1\)

\(y_{min}=-1\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(y=x+\dfrac{4}{x}\Rightarrow y'=1-\dfrac{4}{x^2}=0\Rightarrow x=-2\)

\(y\left(-2\right)=-4\Rightarrow\max\limits_{x>0}y=-4\) khi \(x=-2\)

cái chỗ math processing error kia là \(3\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{y^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{z^2+1}\right)+\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)\ge\dfrac{985}{108}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM:

\(P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}{xyz}}\).

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta có:

\(xy+1=xy+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{xy}{4^4}}\).

Tương tự: \(yz+1\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{yz}{4^4}};zx+1\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{zx}{4^4}}\).

Do đó \(\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)\ge125\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{\left(xyz\right)^2}{4^{12}}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}{xyz}\ge125\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{4^{12}\left(xyz\right)^3}}\).

Mà \(xyz\le\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{27}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)

Nên \(\dfrac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}{xyz}\ge125\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{8^3}{4^{12}}}=125\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{2^{15}}}=\dfrac{125}{8}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\).

Vậy...

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM:

P≥33√(xy+1)(yz+1)(zx+1)xyz.

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta có:

xy+1=xy+14+14+14+14≥55√xy44.

Tương tự: yz+1≥55√yz44;zx+1≥55√zx44.

Do đó (xy+1)(yz+1)(zx+1)≥1255√(xyz)2412

⇒(xy+1)(yz+1)(zx+1)xyz≥1255√1412(xyz)3.

Mà xyz≤(x+y+z)327=18

Nên  (xy+1)(yz+1)(zx+1)xyz≥1255√83412=1255√1215=1258 

⇒P≥152.