Lời giải:

Vì $a+b+c=1$ nên:

\(a^2+b^2+abc-1=(a+b)^2-2ab+abc-1\)

\(=(a+b)^2-1+ab(c-2)=(1-c)^2-1+ab(c-2)\)

\(=-c(2-c)+ab(c-2)=c(c-2)+ab(c-2)=(c+ab)(c-2)\)

Do đó:

\(\frac{c+ab}{a^2+b^2+abc-1}=\frac{c+ab}{(c+ab)(c-2)}=\frac{1}{c-2}\)

Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại, suy ra:

\(\frac{c+ab}{a^2+b^2+abc-1}+\frac{a+bc}{b^2+c^2+abc-1}+\frac{b+ac}{a^2+c^2+abc-1}=\frac{1}{c-2}+\frac{1}{a-2}+\frac{1}{b-2}=\frac{(a-2)(b-2)+(b-2)(c-2)+(c-2)(a-2)}{(a-2)(b-2)(c-2)}\)

\(=\frac{ab+bc+ac-4(a+b+c)+12}{(a-2)(b-2)(c-2)}=\frac{ab+bc+ac+8}{(a-2)(b-2)(c-2)}\)

Ta có đpcm.

Akai Haruma

https://tranvantoancv.violet.vn/present/show/entry_id/10776977

Với x,y,z >0, ta có:

-\(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\)    ₍₁₎

-\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)   ₍₂₎

-\(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{xy+yz+zx}\ge1\)₍₃₎

Xảy ra đẳng thức ở (1),(2),(3) \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\), ta có:

\(P=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\left(a+b+c\right)^2.\frac{a+b+c}{abc}\)

=\(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\right).\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{abc}\)

Áp dụng các bất đẳng thức (1),(2),(3). ta có:

\(P\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).\frac{9}{ab+bc+ca}+2.9\)

=\(\left(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca}\right)+8.\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca}+18\)\(\ge2+8+18=28\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\\ab=bc=ca\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c}\)

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đặt biểu thức là P

2P+1 =\(\frac{2ab+2bc+2ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+1+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{abc}=\)\(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{abc}\)

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)\right).\)(1)

Áp dụng bdt \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)dấu '=' khi x=y=z

(1) \(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{18}{ab+bc+ca}\right)\)(2)

\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}=\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}.\)

=> (2)\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{16}{ab+bc+ca}\right)=\)\(9+\frac{16\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\ge9+16.3=57\)

vì a²+b²+c²\(\ge ab+bc+ca< =>a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

<=> (a+b+c)²\(\ge\)3(ab+bc+ca)

vậy 2P+1\(\ge57< =>P\ge28\)

dấu '=' khi a=b=c

Bạn quy đồng làm từ từ là đc

AM-GM ngược dấu như sau:

\(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge a-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{3ab}=\dfrac{2a-b}{3}\)

Tương tự ta cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta cũng có:

\(\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}\ge\dfrac{2b-c}{3};\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+ac+a^2}\ge\dfrac{2c-a}{3}\)

Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:

\(VT\ge\dfrac{2a-b}{3}+\dfrac{2b-c}{3}+\dfrac{2c-a}{3}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}=VP\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:

\(VT=\dfrac{a^4}{a^3+a^2b+ab^2}+\dfrac{b^4}{b^3+b^2c+bc^2}+\dfrac{c^4}{c^3+ac^2+ca^2}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3+a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+ac^2+ca^2}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3+ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)}\)

Dễ thấy :

\(a^{3}+b^{3}+c^{3}+ab(b+c)+bc(b+c)+ca(c+a)=(a^{2}+ b^{2}+c^{2})(a+b+c)\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a+b+c}\)

Vậy cần chứng minh

\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a+b+c}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\) (luôn đúng)

\(3=ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\Rightarrow abc\le1\)

\(\dfrac{1}{1+a^2\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{1+a\left(ab+ac\right)}=\dfrac{1}{1+a\left(3-bc\right)}=\dfrac{1}{1+3a-abc}=\dfrac{1}{3a+\left(1-abc\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{3a}\)

Tương tự và cộng lại:

\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{3a}+\dfrac{1}{3b}+\dfrac{1}{3c}=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{3abc}=\dfrac{3}{3abc}=\dfrac{1}{abc}\)